More recently, many believed that grapes could be grown exclusively in the southern regions. It seemed like a pipe dream to plant this plant in regions with colder climates, including in the suburbs. However, it is thanks to such "dreamers" that today there are quite a few varieties that can withstand minus temperatures. They proved that harsh winters are not an obstacle to the cultivation of these berries. Photos of the best grape varieties for the Moscow Region show that the plants develop well, and the berries grow juicy and with the necessary color. Plants are able to adapt to warm sunny summers and frosty winters.
Many gardeners are interested in which grape varieties are best planted in the suburbs. And there are a lot of them today. The most popular varieties are described below.
Non-covering varieties
If you do not know which grape variety is best planted in the suburbs, pay attention to non-covering varieties. They withstand severe frosts (some of them up to minus 30 degrees) thanks to the cold snap resistance breeders laid in them. They do not need to be sheltered for the winter and open in the spring.
A feature of such varieties is that in the first year the seedling must be covered. A young plant is not yet able to cope with severe frost on its own. Do not rely only on its characteristics.
The best grape varieties for the Moscow Region that do not need to be covered for the winter are:
- Aleshenkin . Among gardeners you can hear about him the name Alyosha or No. 328. A variety of early ripening (110-118 days). The clusters are conical, large. Their weight varies between 0.7-2.5 kg. Large oval amber-colored berries are covered with a light coating. The weight of one berry is about 3-5 g. About 25-40% of the berries do not have seeds. The berries are juicy, sweet, crispy.
- Harmony The bush is able to withstand frosts to minus 25 degrees. From bud blossoming to full ripeness of the berries, about 135 days pass. Bunches of conical shape of medium size. Loose or medium density. The berries are dark blue, blue, round.
- Valiant will allow you to enjoy the harvest at the end of August. Frost-resistant grade (up to minus 46 degrees). The clusters are medium sized. Small blue berries with large seeds have a pleasant aftertaste of strawberries.
- Agate Donskoy. Bunches of conical shape of large sizes, moderately dense. Their weight is in the range of 400-600 g. Large berries (up to 2.4 mm in diameter) weigh about 4-5 g. Their shape is round, the color is dark blue. Resistant to frost minus 26 degrees.
- Laura (also called Flora). Matures in 110-115 days. Clusters hold tight to the shoots. This protects the berries from shedding even after full maturity or large yields. The berries are very beautiful. They are amber in color with a touch of wax. The bush is not damaged at a temperature of minus 23 degrees.
- Super Extra differs in that it is capable of producing good yields even when grown in the shade. Ripening occurs by the end of the first decade of August (7-8). The vine forms very early. With each of them you can collect up to 20 kg of berries. The fruits remain on the bush even after full ripening.
- The phenomenon (you can hear such names as Augustine or Pleven steady). One of the best options, which is distinguished by good taste, large beautiful berries and disease resistance. Bunches weigh about 700-800 g. It withstands frosts down to minus 24 degrees.
- Early TSHA (i.e. Northern or Pineapple). Frost-resistant (up to minus 30 degrees). The clusters are small and medium. The medium-sized round berries have a blue color with a purple bloom. A light pineapple aroma is characteristic of juicy pulp.
- Marshal Foch. Small round-shaped berries (1.1 g). Dense medium-sized cylindrical clusters have a weight of 100-120 g. Berries with thin skin and juicy pulp have a slight aftertaste of fruit. Fruits can be taken from the beginning of September to October. The ripening period is 125 days. Frost resistance up to minus 32 degrees.
- Amber. Frost resistance minus 34 degrees. Sweet medium-sized berries gradually turn yellow. In addition, they have a nutmeg aroma.
Only the best grapes for the Moscow region of the non-covering variety can be included in the list. But those named will be enough to make their choice.
Table varieties
Next, we consider what grape varieties are best planted in the suburbs, choosing from the dining group:
- Agadai matures in 150 days. It has high yields. Large clusters have a conical shape. Large oval berries are dense flesh. Average resistance to frost. The bush is susceptible to disease. But the crop is well kept.
- Asma . The ripening period is 170 days. Bunches of medium size reach 300 g. Purple berries are quite large. In each of them is a pair of seeds.
- Isabella is a late ripening. Bunches average in size (their weight is up to 150 g). Small black fruits with a pleasant smell reminiscent of strawberries. Resistant bush to fungal diseases.
- The cardinal has a short growing season (120 days). Bulk clusters weigh up to half a kilogram. Large berries have a pleasant nutmeg flavor. Not resistant to disease and frost.
- The queen of vineyards has a good yield. Rounded berries form clusters of medium length.
- Early Odessa, as you might guess from the name, has a short vegetative period. The mass of the bunch can reach 300 g. Berries with a pleasant nutmeg taste.
- Magaracha early with large clusters (up to half a kilogram). Round dark blue fruits with several seeds inside.
- Timur. Matures quickly, in just 110 days. Large clusters weigh half a kilogram. Fruits grow up to 10 g. They are dense pulp, nutmeg taste. Frost resistance - up to minus 25 degrees.
- Beautiful girl. A good early variety with oval pink berries. Juicy pulp has a pleasant taste. Bunches grow to 400 g.
These are the best table grape varieties for the Moscow region. Their fruits are eaten most often in the initial state, without various preparations.
Technical grades
To the list of the best grape varieties for the Moscow Region, you can add varieties related to technical:
- Rkatsiteli from which wine is obtained with excellent aroma and taste. The variety belongs to late ripening. The clusters are medium sized. By weight reach 180 g.
- Furmint . Mid-season variety bred by Hungarian breeders. Small clusters weigh up to 120 g. So-called Tokyo wines are made from small berries.
- Traminer pink. This is a well-known Austrian variety for many years, which is one of the best for wine production so far. Mid early variety. Rounded berries are also medium in size. The juice in them has no color. Dense clusters do not grow to large sizes. Their weight does not exceed 100 g. Partially resistant to disease.
- Riesling. This variety is bred on the banks of the Rhine in Germany. The clusters are small (up to 100 g), but dense. The peel on small berries is thin. It is unstable to diseases.
These varieties are perfect for making compotes or wine.
Decorative varieties
Before deciding which grape varieties are best for the Moscow Region, you need to decide on the purpose of their cultivation. Those wishing to decorate their plot with grapes, pergolas or pergolas, can choose among decorative varieties. These include the northern Saperavi, Crystal, Platovsky. Plants of these varieties will delight the eye with their beauty.
The opinion of professionals
Vine growers compiled their list of the best grape varieties for the Moscow region, resistant to severe frosts:
- Yuodupe . This is the earliest variety. Ripening occurs by the end of July. The ripening period is 95-100 days. The clusters are small (up to 140 g), dense, have a conical shape. Rounded dark purple berries weigh 3.2 g.
- Buffalo , which is characterized by high productivity, excellent taste and attractive clusters of large sizes.
- Pineapple early. Loose clusters reach 250 g. Fruits are large (5 g). Tastes sweet, with pineapple flavor. Fruits can be harvested by the end of August.
- Rogachevsky . A universal variety with a growing season of 110 days. Beautiful clusters in the shape of a cylinder grow up to 300 g. Dark blue fruits weighing 5 g have a sweet taste and isabial aftertaste.
- K-878 or otherwise Gentle. Elegant clusters are large (400 g each). The berries are pink and purple. They have a nutmeg taste.
- Lucille , which is characterized by dense clusters. They grow up to 200 g. Pink fruits (about 3 g) taste sweet. A medium-yielding variety whose berries ripen in late August. Medium-sized conical bunches.
- Ontario . The variety is distinguished by bisexual flowers, medium cylindrical clusters. Large berries have a white-greenish color, which, as it ripens, acquires a golden hue.
Amateur rating
Studying the reviews about the best grape varieties for the Moscow Region, left by amateur gardeners, you can make the following list:
- Radish raisins, which is known for all the lack of seeds. Differs in high productivity. Large clusters reach 1 kg. The fruits have a rich nutmeg taste. Requires careful care. Able to withstand cold only to minus 15 degrees.
- Anniversary of Novocherkassk, which is characterized by a short growing season. Fruits of pink color form large clusters. Frost resistant.
- The beauty of the north, with a short growing season. Included in the group of table varieties, but has a tart taste.
- Christina . Variety with a short growing season, sweet berries. Requires little maintenance.
- Tason possessing beautiful pink berries with white barrels. Has a nutmeg flavor. The clusters are big.
The best wine varieties
The best grape varieties for Moscow region, suitable for making wine:
- Isabella suitable for making dessert wines;
- Aligote , from which white wines and champagne are prepared;
- Nutmeg , which is used to make muscat taste wines.
These technical varieties, which can be confidently called the best grape varieties for the Moscow region, are difficult to grow. But probably. All the efforts expended will more than pay off with a large crop. And this will allow you to enjoy a pleasant tasty drink of its own making.
For open ground
Growing grapes is possible not only in the greenhouse. Some species are able to grow on a regular bed.
The best grape varieties for Moscow region for open ground:
- Summer nutmeg with excellent taste. Short growing season. Resistance to frost is provided by good ripening of the vine.
- Victoria (some mistakenly call him Uehara). Refers to table varieties with a short growing season. Frost resistance up to minus 30 degrees. The clusters are large, weighing up to 800 g. Raspberry-red berries resemble an egg in shape. Fruits are sweet with a touch of nutmeg. Differs in high productivity.
- Nadezhda Aksayskaya. It is characterized by large clusters and berries. It tastes like berries of Arcadia variety. It has a shorter ripening period. Harvest can be harvested from mid-August.
- Shun , which is one of the best options. Resistant to winter cold. Berries are large (up to 6-7 g). Bunches of red, as they mature, turn into dark pink. Berries ripen by the end of August. The variety is resistant to disease.
Tips for beginner growers
Having decided what are the best grape varieties for the Moscow region, you can begin to grow them. But here there are several key points that must be taken into account.
The most important thing to get a good crop is to provide the plant with the right amount of water and nutrients. In the Moscow region, groundwater is close to the surface of the soil. Therefore, watering grapes is very rare. As for top dressing, here it is necessary to exclude nitrogen fertilizers. The fact is that nitrogen stimulates the rapid growth of the vine. She does not have time to ripen before the fall and the onset of the first frost. This leads to freezing of the entire bush and a decrease in productivity. All other types of fertilizers are applied in accordance with the selected variety.
It is best to plant grapes on light sandy soil. The first spring rays of the sun easily warm it. And in the autumn the soil cools, allowing the plant to prepare for the cold.
If the selected best variety of grapes for the Moscow region is characterized by poor frost resistance, the bush must be protected from frost. This applies not only to the winter period, but also to spring frosts. During the cold weather, all shoots are removed from the mount and laid on the ground. If this is not done, the plant will surely freeze. The base of the trunk is covered with a special garden foil. But the usual methods are quite suitable. For example, mulching with a thick layer of sawdust. Do not use fallen leaves. They can be carriers of various diseases. They are recommended to burn.
Conclusion
As can be judged from the article, the answer to the question of which grape varieties are best planted in the suburbs is not so difficult to find. Grape growers have taken care of creating a wide variety of varieties that are suitable for cultivation in the Moscow region (and other regions with similar climates). Due to the difficult growing conditions, plants are resistant to fungal diseases. And thanks to this, productivity increases.
It is important to remember one more point: even the best grape variety selected for the Moscow Region will not be able to give a good harvest without proper attention and care. In addition to making nutrients, the bush requires regular pruning, treatment from diseases and pests, shelter for the winter.