Disputes between skeptics and optimists about who should and how to lay a brick have been going on for a long time. The first choose expensive professional services. The second, gaining patience and experience, do everything themselves.
Just about complicated
Before starting work, prepare the tool. It will be required: a trowel or trowel, cord, tape measure, a small hammer, the level is more authentic, the rule, well, the masonry material itself. Laying blocks is made on a solution of sand, cement and water, combined in certain proportions. If the volume of work is large and will be carried out by several workers, it is better to acquire a concrete mixer for mixing the mortar. If the work is in one hand, then you do not need to prepare a lot of solution in advance. The width of a brick wall is always a multiple of half its length. The wall thickness of one brick is 25 cm, the brickwork of one and a half bricks is 38 cm, etc. The most important thing in the work is to lay out the first row correctly. It is laid out on a stretched lacing and the work is checked by the rule or level. The lacing is attached to the nails tied to its ends, in the solution between the rows of blocks in the withdrawn corners. Having chosen the type of masonry, the corners are first displayed several rows up. To check their evenness, a plumb, level is used. It is important to dress the stitches. This will increase the strength of the wall due to the even distribution of the load over the entire surface of the wall. It is produced by displacing the upper row relative to the bottom so that the seams on the bottom row overlap the center of the upper brick.
Types of masonry
Wall masonry or dressing is done with spoon and poke rows. In the spoon rows the blocks are laid parallel to the wall, in the row rows across. It looks like this: a few longitudinal rows (spoon), after one - tychkovy. It looks like a multi-row dressing, single-row implies a simple alternation of rows. The three-row system allows coincidence at the seams of three rows up, the fourth row must necessarily overlap the seam by itself. Dressing is obligatory on the first and last rows, as well as at the locations of windows. Before laying a brick, it is necessary to place it correctly along a rising surface. To spend less time moving around a brick, it is placed on the wall or along the wall. When laying a brick on a wall, it is placed a little further than the work area, this will not create problems when laying for the next row. If there is no experience, and do not know how to lay a brick correctly, you can practice. Lay out a couple of rows without using a solution in compliance with all the rules.
There are several methods for laying brick:
1. Solid masonry - performed in spoon and poke rows. They differ in the dressing system. The greatest strength is achieved when dressing in one row.
2. Lightweight - is two parallel in half a brick across the thickness of the wall. The voids between them are filled with insulation or concrete. Using reinforcement or diaphragms, the walls are connected together during installation.
3. Reinforced - it is transverse or longitudinal, increases the bearing quality of the walls with high loads on them. Use a rectangular grid or in the form of a zigzag on every fifth row of masonry. The seams with this method are four cm wider compared to conventional masonry.
The latter - decorative - combining all the seams vertically from the street side, multi-row dressing is carried out from the inside. The second way: the use of material in different colors.