In Soviet and post-Soviet times, construction did not pay attention to the good thermal insulation of the room, necessary for saving on heating. As a result, the “Stalinka”, “Khrushchev” and other houses built using old technology remained cold for a long time, especially the corner apartments of high-rise buildings. The rapid development of the construction market has led to a significant expansion of the range of materials used.
Traditional insulation
In the late 90s, mineral wool, glass wool and other cellulose-based heaters were very popular as insulation. Despite the good thermal insulation characteristics, they fade into the background. This is due to the significant dimensions of the cellulose fiber slabs, which reduce the useful space inside the room, as well as the emergence of new materials, such as liquid insulation. Reviews of experienced builders and ordinary citizens coincide in the fact that the material qualitatively performs its functions. At the same time, cellulose-based heaters are still very popular due to their low cost, ease of operation and environmental friendliness.
Selection of heat insulating material
Choosing the right insulation is a prerequisite for creating a warm and comfortable home. It should have the following properties: water absorption, thermal conductivity, vapor permeability, fire resistance. The choice of insulation depends on the material from which the housing is built, climatic conditions, number of storeys and loads on them. For internal insulation of the room there are a number of materials. One of the most effective is a liquid insulation for walls. Reviews of builders confirm its quality.
What is a liquid insulation?
The modern construction market is full of products from various manufacturers, including all kinds of insulation. Liquid insulation is used both outside and inside the building, thereby ensuring proper heat transfer (in winter it retains heat, and in summer - cool). At the same time, it protects the room from moisture, corrosion and mold, eliminates the possibility of condensation in the corners. In general, the use of thermal insulation materials can significantly save on heating.
Liquid thermal insulation is a modern solution that allows not only to conduct high-quality thermal insulation of the room, but to make it more attractive. The material has a unique pasty consistency, thanks to which it can be easily applied to the most inaccessible places.
Liquid insulation is made on the basis of varnish and water. For indoor use, water-based insulation is used, and in operating conditions below 0 C - on a varnish basis. It is not necessary to use the services of specialists for warming housing, as the procedure is relatively simple and does not require specific knowledge.
Material characteristics
The insulation has a pasty consistency and has good adhesion, due to which it is applied to any coatings: concrete, brick, metal or plastic. The standard layer thickness is 1 mm. The result of the work should be a durable and flexible coating that can withstand temperature changes without cracking. However, it does not burn, does not emit substances hazardous to health, and is also water and vapor tight. Qualitatively made liquid thermal insulation is able to perform its functions up to 20 years. Application of several layers can increase the temperature in the room in winter by 2-4 C.
Advantages
Liquid insulation in cylinders has several advantages:
- simple installation - usually applied with a brush;
- reduction of heat consumption by 25-30%;
- insulation does not change the appearance of housing;
- low cost. Insulation with panel materials is 30-40% more expensive;
- you can start work without preparatory work (you should clean the surface of dust, sometimes - putty);
- in one working day, up to 100 m 2 of surface is insulated.
disadvantages
This type of insulation also has certain disadvantages:
- sensitivity to improper storage and transportation, short shelf life;
- relatively high cost;
- manufacturing companies do not provide accurate information about the thermal conductivity of the material and methods for their calculation;
- high-quality insulation sometimes requires up to 12 layers of material.
- usually consumption is significantly higher than specified by the manufacturer.
Application
Liquid insulation is applied to the surface, previously cleaned of dirt. If old paint remains on it, then it is also removed. Metal surfaces that are significantly damaged by corrosion are treated with a special rust converter ( phosphoric acid- based substance ). Before use, the insulation is diluted to a thick state. The warmer the surface, the more fluid the material. The surface is coated in the same way as simple paint.
Liquid insulation for walls polymerizes in 24 hours. For processing m 2 surface in 1 layer, 1 liter of material is required. On average, 5-6 layers should be applied. The more layers, the better the room will retain heat. A decorative coating, such as plaster, can be applied to the insulation.
Popular manufacturers
The following brands of insulation are widespread in the domestic market:
- the most popular is Corundum. This liquid insulation for walls has high adhesion and resistance to all kinds of external influences. The thickness of one layer is less than 1 mm. The material is of high quality and high cost - 1 liter costs 350-600 rubles;
- "Astratek" - an environmentally friendly heater with anti-corrosion effect. A long period of operation is a hallmark of this liquid insulation. Reviews of builders confirm its durability - 30 years. The cost of the material is 400-500 rubles / l;
- "Akterm" - a heater with high heat efficiency. A layer 1 mm thick is equivalent to 5 cm with a mineral wool layer. There is a warranty period of 15 years for the material. It is produced in several variations: “Standard” (on a water basis), “Nord” (on a nitro base), “Facade”, used for wood and brick, “Antikor” - for metal coatings. Available in 10 and 20 liter buckets. The cost of 1 liter is 320 rubles. Thermal insulation can be used in the temperature range from -60 to +600 C;
- Teplometta. According to the manufacturer, a 1 mm thick layer is equivalent to a 5 cm layer of mineral wool and 2.5 cm polystyrene foam. The material is easily tinted, it can be used at a temperature not lower than -20 C. The insulation has certificates confirming its environmental safety.
Expert Advice
Liquid insulation can be applied to the surface with an airless spray. The heat-insulating effect is that the insulation is a porous coating, the space inside which is in a rarefied state. It minimizes heat transfer.
The smoother the surface, the lower the consumption of insulation. For example, it will take an order of magnitude more to process a brick wall than to process a smooth concrete wall . If the insulation will be applied to absorbent surfaces (concrete, brick and others), then they should first be primed with acrylic paint.