The attic is a subroofing non-residential space, which is usually not heated, on the one hand it is limited by the roof, and on the other - by ceilings. Here, isolation is usually made in order to cut off the main housing from the street. Since the roof accounts for a large part of the heat loss, attic insulation is a very important task, which should be taken as seriously as possible. High-quality work can significantly reduce these losses, as well as the cost of heating the home, contributes to the formation of a normal microclimate inside the building.
The attic insulation is most often carried out in two ways - the material can be fixed to the roof slopes with insignificant insulation of the attic floor, and only the floor can be protected. The difference will be both in technology and in the air temperature in the attic in winter. Roof slopes are insulated using slab or roll mineral-wool materials. If you isolate the attic floor, then you can use expanded polystyrene, mineral wool, granular heat insulators. Despite the fact that they are quite cheap, they all require the use of additional hydro- and vapor barrier layers. These layers are membranes and films fixed with special care over the entire surface that needs to be insulated, and their main function is to prevent water from entering the layer of the main protective material.
If the attic is insulated poorly or incorrectly, then the material used can begin to accumulate moisture in itself, which significantly reduces its thermal insulation properties, and leads to fairly rapid destruction.
Plate and roll materials, which are usually used, have one more drawback, there are seams here that can transmit quite a lot of heat. Seams appear both at the places where the plates adjoin the structural elements, and where they are joined. Warming the attic in this way, even with very high-quality installation, leads to the fact that the overall efficiency is reduced by 15-25%. That is why it is required to handle all joints and junctions by means of polyurethane foam.
It is worth remembering about such a feature of mineral wool and granular insulation, such as rapid shrinkage in the first years of operation, which can be 15%. It is important when adding thickness to add another 15% to the required indicator, which will compensate for this shrinkage. In the same way, it is worth choosing a heater for the ceiling.
It turns out that the apparent simplicity and low cost of installing traditional materials that are used for insulation is nothing more than a myth.
If you observe the technology of their laying, as well as the requirements prescribed in the building codes for calculating the required thickness, you can significantly increase the price of the material itself, as well as provide for additional work that is associated with the installation of special insulation layers, as well as with high-quality laying. The same can be said about facade insulation systems.