Nowadays, almost everyone who has a summer cottage plots vegetables such as tomatoes, cucumbers, peppers on it. Despite the apparent simplicity in growing, it is quite problematic for a beginner gardener to get a good crop of such a crop as bell pepper. Growing and caring for it require certain conditions and knowledge.
Seeds
Today, the selection of seeds in flower shops is huge. Before buying a particular variety, it is advisable to carefully read the information on the packaging. If you do not have a greenhouse, then the species intended for cultivation in them, it is better not to buy, because peppers of the taste and size that grow in such conditions, you will not succeed.
Seeds begin to be sown for seedlings in late February or early March. After how many days the pepper will rise, it will depend primarily on the variety, germination, growing conditions. The seeds of this vegetable germinate for a long time, and the culture itself is rather capricious. Unlike the same tomatoes, peppers do not like transplants. Therefore, if you just plant the seed in the prepared soil, it can take from one to three weeks before it grows.
In order to speed up the process of seed germination, as well as to grow strong seedlings, you should listen to experienced gardeners who provide useful tips on growing pepper.
Seed preparation
In order for pepper seeds to sprout faster, they should first be washed with a weak solution of potassium permanganate. Next, place in warm water (but not hot) and hold in it for several hours. You can also use special preparations designed to increase the rate of germination of seed material.
You can still wrap the seeds in moist gauze or cloth, put in the dishes and cover it with a film or lid and put in a very warm place. Remember to only check the humidity of the fabric and moisten it as needed. When the first sprouts appear, seedlings can be sown in the soil.
Sowing seeds
If we talk about how many days the pepper will rise, how to ensure rapid germination, one important factor should always be considered. Pepper is a vegetable that needs a warm room temperature. Therefore, for the fast germination of seedlings, provide at least +20 degrees.
Considering that pepper is a rather capricious culture, not only regarding temperature conditions, but also transplanting, it is advisable to plant each seed immediately in a separate pot. Ideal option - peat pots.
When the seedlings reach the right size, you can transplant it into the greenhouse without any problems, without disturbing the roots. If this is not possible, then be careful when diving. Try not to touch the roots of the plant once again.
Seedlings
So, now we know how long the pepper sprouts, how to plant the seeds correctly. Next, you need to figure out how to properly care for seedlings before planting in a greenhouse or greenhouse.
If you focus all your attention only on why pepper does not emerge, and after emergence, only seedlings are watered, then you can hardly expect a good harvest.
Not only seeds, but also growing plants are very sensitive to cold. The temperature for peppers should not be lower than +20 in the afternoon and +17 degrees at night. It is advisable to plant young seedlings in the greenhouse only after the threat of frost has passed. In addition, consider the age of the plants. Those who have not yet reached the age of 60 days are very sensitive to temperature extremes.
The formation of buds and ovaries
When the plant has four real leaves, buds begin to form gradually. During this period, pepper seedlings should receive maximum lighting. With a lack of light, the leaves may begin to turn yellow, the plant becomes brittle, the first ovaries easily break off and fall off.
In addition to providing lighting, it is necessary to fertilize young seedlings. Once every 10 days, mineral or organic fertilizers should be applied. When the plants begin to bloom, they will need an increased amount of nitrogen. An important element in the formation of the ovary is potassium, which is necessary throughout the entire active period of growth of peppers.
How to get an early harvest
In order to collect an early harvest, you need to know not only how many days the pepper will rise, but also when it is best to plant seedlings in a permanent place.
To obtain early harvests, plants are planted in a greenhouse when they reach the age of 65 days. The soil is pre-moistened, loosened. Peppers are planted to a depth of about 5 cm. The air temperature should be at least +15 degrees.
It is best to plant peppers in cloudy weather or in the evening. After planting, young plants need to be fed. Be sure to remember that fresh manure is unacceptable for this vegetable crop, but compost is great.
Proper plant formation
In the correct formation of the bush and tearing off the side shoots, not only tomatoes, but also bell pepper are needed . Growing and caring for this plant is not only watering and feeding, but also the timely removal of stepsons.
Lateral shoots and leaves are removed to the first fork. If the bush is tall, it should be tied to a support, since the stem can be quite fragile.
Watering
For a good and plentiful crop, watering is as necessary as top dressing. Pepper loves moisture and has an almost constant need for it. Its root system is not deep. Therefore, often, especially in greenhouses, the roots overheat.
With insufficient watering, plant growth can simply stop. It will save moisture, and its development will slow down. Optimum watering in the morning. It is better to water under the root, often, but not too profusely. To maintain constant soil moisture, it should be mulched using special tools.
Summary
Draw conclusions. In order to get an early and plentiful harvest of peppers, the following factors should be considered:
- type of planting material (be sure to pay attention to what conditions this crop needs, how many days will pepper rise after planting seeds, how resistant is the plant to diseases);
- growing conditions for seeds and seedlings;
- obligatory top dressing;
- regular watering;
- timely removal of lateral shoots.
Given all the factors and creating favorable conditions for the vegetable crop, you can get a fairly early and rich harvest of peppers.