In order to carry out repairs or reconstruction, a foundation is needed, the role of which is a document drawn up by technical specialists, where work and volumes are specifically indicated. Such a document is a defective statement. In construction, this is an act in which the fact of inspection of the object is attested and the work to eliminate its shortcomings is described. Thanks to the approved repair table, the cost of restoring the object is calculated by the estimator. In the future, the document is an economic justification for the justification of costs.
The basis for calculating the cost of construction
Every day a person is faced with the problems of determining costs, whether it is a new construction, repair or reconstruction. For example, in a chemical plant, it is necessary to repair the roof. There are no specialists at this plant; a contractor is required. In order to find out the price of the work of replacing the old roll material with a new one, it is necessary for the customer (chemical company) to draw up a technical inspection report, according to which a defective statement will be generated. In construction, such a document is the basis for calculating the value of the object.
Guided by the customer’s approved troubleshooting, the contractor estimates the amount of repair. At the conclusion of the contract, the list of defects and estimates are its integral part.
Who makes up?
Since the defective statement (DV) is the initial document for repair or construction of objects, its correct preparation has an important influence on the outcome of these works. It is better to provide the completion of the document to qualified employees. It can be expert organizations or employees from the state of the enterprise (foremen, technicians). It all depends on the complexity of the work.
For example, if chips and cracks are found on the walls or when doors, windows are replaced, specialized organizations do not need to pay. The commission for the inspection of the object, created by order of the head, should consist of competent workers: a representative of the accounting department, an employee of the unit in which it is necessary to carry out repairs, and the contractor.
A defective sheet, the sample in the construction of which is not regulated, is compiled in an arbitrary form, but taking into account the necessary data.
Filling order
If it is necessary to carry out repair work at different facilities, each has its own defective statement. The volume of work in the Far East is entered in those units of measurement that are provided for by the estimated standards and prices. Be sure to indicate the full name of the inspected object and the conditions of the work, for example: repair in operated buildings, freed (or not) of furniture; roof repair. The estimator will need these data to apply the increasing factors to the norms of labor costs, which are developed without taking into account such conditions.
The form of the defective sheet in construction should include data on the name of the work. It is important that they be detailed. That is, “floor repair” is not easily indicated, but it is painted:
- dismantling skirting boards;
- removal of the old coating (tile, linoleum or something else);
- screed device, so-and-so thick;
- linoleum coating device (on glue or nails).
Mark of materials, their affiliation - everything is indicated in the note for each type of work. As a result, the defective sheet in the construction is signed by two parties: the contractor and the customer, and then approved by an authorized person on the part of the customer.
What is considered by the Far East?
It would seem that what else is needed for repairs when a detailed defect list in construction is drawn up (this name also appears in the everyday life of builders).
Converting quantitative indicators into cost indicators, an estimator can calculate the amount of: linoleum, tile, brick by the area of a given surface; concrete products and well plates in depth and diameter of wells. Indeed, in the Far East, for example, it is indicated: the laying of new linoleum is 100 m 2 , the engineer of the estimated department knows that 102 m 2 of material must be laid on this area, since there is no repair without waste.
Reasons for compiling a DV
A defective sheet in construction is necessary for several reasons:
- Economic justification. The document, drawn up by technical workers and approved by the head, is the basis for budgeting and writing off funds for work defects provided for in the statement.
- Definition of cost items. For tax accounting, it is important to distinguish between the types of work: repair, modernization or new construction.
- Analytics. To identify defects, the causes of their occurrence are also considered, which in the future are taken into account to prevent breakdowns and damage.
Design Instructions
A defective sheet in construction, a form for which can be presented on the company sheet of the customer, goes through a number of stages.
1. Technical inspection of the facility.
2. Based on the inspection data, a defect inventory is compiled, according to which a DV will be issued with a detailed description of the work in the technological sequence.
Information subject to mandatory entry in a defective act:
- the full name of the approving organization and the specialist speaking on behalf of this enterprise;
- the name of the object with the location address;
- type of work (major overhaul or reconstruction);
- affiliation of materials, machines / mechanisms;
- brands of materials;
- terms of work;
- information about the compiler.
3. The calculation of the volume of repair work.
5. The last stage: a defective sheet, the sample in the construction of which is presented below, must be endorsed by two parties: the customer and the contractor.
Defective List in Construction: An Example
| Approved by |
| (name of approver) |
| (position, signature, full name) |
| date |
For the overhaul of a residential building located at: Happiness, st. Gagarina, house 1.
Work conditions: on the roof and facade of the house that is being operated.
Volume of work
| No. p / p | Name of work and costs | unit of measurement | number | Note |
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| 1 | Dismantling the masonry of simple brick walls | 10 m 3 | 70 | |
| 2 | Dismantling rafters with racks and struts from bars | 100 m 2 | 40 | |
| 3 | The device of rafters from boards | m 3 | 2,5 | |
| 4 | Crushed stone insulation | m 3 | 8 | Crushed stone of the customer |
| 5 | The device coatings from asbestos-cement sheets | 100 m 2 | 11.5 | Slate 6-wave, 1750x1125 mm |
| All materials are purchased by the contractor, with the exception of those indicated in the note. |
| Cars / mechanisms - contractor. |
| Compiled (name, signature). |
| Checked (name, signature). |
Now you know roughly how this document is compiled.