The arrangement of the heating system is the most expensive item in the estimates of capital repairs or construction. The operational characteristics and expenses of the owners for energy resources in the winter period depend on the correct installation and features of all elements of this facility.
The radiant heating system is gradually replacing the aging tee wiring. This is due to a number of its advantages. How to arrange such a wiring yourself, as well as what are its main features, the master must learn before starting installation.
general characteristics
Autonomous heating in a private house can be done using various wiring. The radiation system is also called collector. Each radiator in the building is connected to a distribution manifold. A separate pipe enters the heater . Each pipe returns to the collector. Radiators with this connection are a separate element. They are independent of other heating appliances in the network and are connected to the collector in parallel.
The collector is a dimensional device. He is responsible for supplying the heat carrier of each individual circuit. If it is necessary to repair one battery, the heating system continues to work as before. Only one radiator is cut off.
Individual heating according to the tee scheme involves fewer pipes. However, installation costs pay off during the operation of the system. The positive economic effect of the use of beam wiring in a large house or cottage with two or more floors is especially pronounced.
Advantages and disadvantages
Some features are characterized by the radial layout of the heating system. The pros and cons of such an organization must be considered before installation. The disadvantages include a greater number of pipes and fittings. This significantly increases the cost of repairs. Tee circuit is much cheaper during installation. Also, a large number of connections if connected incorrectly can lead to frequent breakdowns of the system.
However, all these shortcomings fade against the background of the advantages of radiant heating organization. In this case, the system quickly pays for its installation cost. The ability to control the heating in each room significantly reduces energy costs. When organizing such a system, many joints and bends are obtained. The wizard has easy access to them. Therefore, when carrying out repairs, this factor greatly facilitates the work.
The tubes of the radiation system can be hidden under the floor, in the thickness of the wall or just behind the curtains. Properly planned scheme allows you to remove from the field of view unattractive communications. The tee scheme does not provide such an opportunity for home owners.
System elements
Radial wiring of the heating system consists of several mandatory elements. The main one is the boiler. When calculating its capacity, the area of the premises, as well as the heat loss of the building, are taken into account.
The circuit includes a circulation pump. There are systems with natural coolant circulation. However, they are less effective. Today, almost all radiation heating schemes incorporate a pump. It causes the heated fluid to move along the contours with a certain speed. Thus, it is possible to maintain an optimal mode of heating the room.
The collector is a distribution unit. He is responsible for the optimal nutrition of all circuits. This element can incorporate various regulatory and locking equipment. The presented devices are installed in a special cabinet. This allows you to protect equipment and hide it from prying eyes.
Type of circulation
The radiant heating system of a private house can use the principle of natural or forced circulation. In the first case, the coolant is distributed by gravity through the pipes and radiators. In this case, it is required to install large diameter pipes. This is a simple but less efficient system. It is suitable only for a small one-story house, which is not connected to electricity.
In modern construction, radiation systems are used in combination with a pump. It provides forced circulation of the coolant. The pump is installed in the supply or return circuit. It works with a certain power. Such a device is necessary for the heating system of a large or two-story cottage.
Due to the mass of advantages, as well as the acceptable cost of circulation pumps, today this installation option is used almost everywhere.
Design
The calculation of the radiant heating system is carried out at the design stage. For this, it is necessary to draw a detailed diagram with dimensions on paper. All elements are indicated on it. If necessary, the drawing can be ordered from a special organization.
First you need to evaluate the existing features of the room. The rooms should not be finished. It is best to hide the pipes in the floor under the screed. Also on the plan are radiators, their location (on the wall under the window). The number of sections and their internal volume depend on the material of the convector, as well as the thickness of its walls. In accordance with the parameters specified by the manufacturer, the need for the volume of coolant for each battery is calculated.
Autonomous heating in a private house according to the radiation pattern is characterized by some additional heat loss. Heated liquid is supplied to the batteries through pipes, the length of which will be greater than in the tee circuit. This feature must be taken into account in the calculations.
The plan indicates the location of the pipes. Manometers, thermometers, shut-off and control valves are added to the equipment. Before installation, you should carefully consider all the elements of the main and additional equipment. The sequence of their installation is also indicated in the diagram.
Collector selection
The radiant heating system incorporates a collector (comb). This element has the appearance of a pipe. It has nozzles for entering and leaving the coolant. For the beam scheme, two types of collectors should be installed.
The first one will be the inlet comb. A pump is connected to it, as well as a coolant distribution valve. It can be three or two way. The valve incorporates a thermometer. It is installed in the collector housing. The device transmits information to the valve. It opens or closes the damper by mixing hot fluid into the circuit.
The output collector collects the cooled coolant, which returns to the boiler. The heater heats it up again. Additionally, a balancing flow controller can be installed on this branch pipe. The collector group ensures the stability of the system. She is responsible for the optimization and balance of heating of the coolant in the system.
Pipe selection
Individual heating , which is mounted according to the radiation scheme, requires the correct selection of pipes. Communications should be flexible enough to avoid mounting a large number of connections. Cross-linked polyethylene pipes are best suited for this purpose. Such products are sold in bays.
Polyethylene pipes that are suitable for a radiant heating system must have an airtight layer. When using conventional varieties, air enters the system. It leads to the development of corrosion of metal elements, the rapid failure of equipment.
inch pipes are used to connect the collector to the boiler. Radiators can be connected to the comb by communications with a section of ½ inch. This is possible provided that a circulation pump is used in the system . Otherwise, the pipe diameter may be larger.
Mounting Features
The radiant heating system can be mounted by the owners of a private house. For this, it is necessary to allocate a separate room for equipping the boiler room.
After installing the heater, a comb is mounted immediately after it. The equipment should be in a protective box. The collector must be freely accessible. A pressure gauge and a thermometer are installed at the outlet of the coolant. They allow stabilizing the pressure in the system of the Mayevsky crane and other safety devices.
Shut-off valves allow, if necessary, to carry out preventive maintenance or repair of equipment. After installation, an equipment check is performed. If everything is normal, the pipes are poured into the screed.
User reviews
A radiant heating system, user reviews about which are presented in large numbers, is considered today one of the best principles for organizing communications, in their opinion. It allows you to reduce the cost of paying for energy in the cold season. The effectiveness of such a scheme will be high if the construction of the house was carried out in accordance with all building codes.
If the owners used high-quality materials for insulation, their house does not have large heat losses, the collector circuit allows you to optimize energy costs. Otherwise, such a system will not be effective. The tangible effect of applying such a scheme is determined in large or two-story houses.
Having considered what a radiant heating system is, as well as the features of its organization, each owner of a private house will be able to arrange such a scheme on his own.