The most common and practical way of landscaping is asphalting, thanks to which buildings, structures, as well as adjacent paths and sites, acquire a well-groomed, finished look. Therefore, asphalting of small areas is no less important than laying asphalt at large objects. It has its own specifics of work, for which a special maneuverable (crawler or wheeled chassis) road-building equipment is used.
Asphalting factors
Before performing asphalting of territories on small areas, the following main factors should be taken into account:
- relief and configuration of the site;
- the presence of buildings and fences.
The timing of the installation, and what the price for paving will be, depends on this. Small areas require a lot of different materials, the use of special equipment, as well as work related to bypassing technical structures and plantings.
Asphalt materials
Asphalting of small areas is carried out using cast asphalt mix. This road-building material has a high density, roughness of the coating, which does not require compaction after installation, which is possible at low temperatures. Work is carried out with a special mixture, heated to 180 - 200 ° C. Asphalting territories up to 5m 2 is performed using cool asphalt.
Asphalt Paving Technology
Asphalting of small areas according to the technology differs from the construction of intensive highways. The main difference is the way the foundation is laid under asphalt mixes, since during further operation the load on such a coating is small. Accordingly, asphalting of sites, garages, yards is carried out with less stringent requirements.
The laying base consists of a layer of crushed stone, sand or hard concrete. Given that the surface load will be negligible, only one layer of asphalt can be laid. Its most optimal thickness for sidewalks will be 3-4 cm, for the driveway to the house - 5-7 cm. Asphalt laying works end with compaction of its base. This is accomplished by tamping, rolling or vibration methods, using a vibrating plate or a two-roll hand roller.
During work, the skating rink must be moved smoothly and evenly throughout the entire stacked area. So that the asphalt mixture does not stick to the device, it is moistened with water. To reduce the depth of the transverse joints and their compaction, it is necessary to apply additional layers of liquid bitumen or asphalt mix. Asphalt is laid according to the technology using special equipment so that the coating is of high quality, is not subject to cracks, dips, and has a long service life.
Methods of laying the coating
When laying asphalt pavement in small areas, one of the following methods is used:
- without the use of special equipment;
- mixed.
The first method is suitable for paving inaccessible areas for asphalt equipment. Laying and alignment is carried out manually with special construction tools, compaction is carried out by a vibrating plate or road roller.
With the mixed method, most of the work is carried out by asphalt pavers. Hard-to-reach and difficult areas are paved with hand tools.
Work Stages
Driveways, sidewalks, sites near buildings should be smooth, durable and beautiful. Asphalting of playgrounds for children can be carried out with non-ferrous materials. It is necessary to asphal them correctly by performing the following works:
- To prepare the soil. To do this, remove the top layer, and ram the trench with a roller. Next, a geosynthetic sheet is laid, which prevents the absorption of crushed stone by soil.
- Lay the foundation. It may consist of sand, gravel, gravel or concrete.
- Perform asphalt laying and leveling. Laying the first coating layer (cold or hot), the thickness of which is 5-8 cm and is leveled with shovels throughout the territory. Cold paving is more durable (its price is much higher than hot paving).
- Compaction using mechanisms such as a vibrating plate or a manual double-roll roller.
Asphalting of small areas can be performed both with the involvement of specialists, and independently. The main thing is compliance with the technology for laying the coating, so that with future use it can withstand all kinds of loads and have a long service life. Prices for such services depend on the complexity and area of work performed, the amount of consumables, as well as the type of equipment that will be used.