In the process of growing garden, horticultural and agricultural crops, the soil is greatly depleted, and this, of course, has an extremely negative effect on productivity. To replenish nutrients in the ground, fertilizers must be used.
Varieties of Feeding
All fertilizers used in agriculture and in household plots can be divided into four large groups:
- organic
- mineral;
- bacterial mixtures;
- organic mineral.
The last kind of top dressing is considered the most effective and economical.
What is organic fertilizer
Such top dressing, as can already be judged by the name, is a complex mixture consisting of two types of components. Humus or manure (chicken, horse, cow) is usually used as their organic component. All these elements are capable of not only filling up the nutrient deficiency in the soil, but also improving its structure. However, unfortunately, in such top dressings far from the whole complex of macro- and microelements is contained. Therefore, they are supplemented by various mineral components. It can be potassium, nitrogen, phosphorus, magnesium, etc.
All these substances are very well and quickly assimilated by plants, and therefore have a quick effect in terms of the recruitment of green mass by crops, the development of ovaries and fruits. The type of macro- and microelements necessary for plants depends on their age, the type of soil on the site, etc.
Thus, organomineral fertilizers simultaneously improve the structure of the soil and saturate it with all the necessary crops, and quickly absorbed, nutrients.
Varieties of organomineral compositions
There are several types of fertilizers:
- granular;
- liquid;
- complex mixtures;
- humic mixtures.
Liquid organic fertilizers are used to feed cultivated plants with the foliar method, that is, the green mass is abundantly sprayed. This method allows you to get almost instant effect. All other varieties of organic mineral fertilizing are mostly embedded in the soil.
Application features
It is possible to use organic fertilizers of all types for any cultivated plants. Moreover, they can be used on almost all types of soils. You can fertilize the land with compounds of this group both in spring, before planting crops, and in autumn, under digging. Of course, it is useful to use them throughout the growing season.
Before you make this or that organic mineral dressing on the beds, it is necessary to determine the composition of the soil. For this, you can use, for example, a special kit purchased in a store. After all, such fertilizers can contain various mineral components.
Advantages and disadvantages
The advantages of feeding this type in comparison with conventional ones have a lot. Such fertilizers are absorbed quickly and at the same time improve the soil structure. Also, their benefits include long-term action. Such top dressing is very easy to dose, in addition, they are completely safe both for the environment and for the plants themselves or the human body.
Summer residents and farmers who have ever used such tools, it was noticed that after their application, crops become much more productive and productive. In agriculture, this particular type of fertilizer helps prevent soil degradation. Humic top dressing of this group, among other things, also reduces the percentage of nitrates in the fruits of plants.
Relate to the advantages of fertilizers of this group and profitability. In order to improve the quality of the soil, they require 10 times less than organic, and 2-3 times less than mineral.
There are practically no drawbacks to such complex feeding. The only thing is that humic mixtures are mainly used only on farms. The fact is that due to the rather high cost of using such funds for a small number of plants, it is usually simply unprofitable.
How do
The production of organic fertilizers is a relatively simple procedure, but requires exact adherence to technological processes. The method of manufacturing such top dressings depends, of course, primarily on their variety.
So, in the production of liquid forms, ordinary water is used as a solvent. In most cases, these top dressings are concentrates. Therefore, before use, they are diluted with water additionally in certain proportions.
Granular fertilizers of this group are made with preliminary drying of organic components. After removing moisture from them, mineral components are mixed with them. It can be, for example, chalk or salt. Thus obtained mixture is loaded into the unit for the manufacture of granules. At the final stage, the finished fertilizer is sieved and packaged in bags.
Humic top dressing is made in approximately the same way. But the source material in this case goes through several degrees of purification. Instead of granules at the outlet, in the production of such top dressings, either powder or concentrated liquid is obtained.
Features of use
The amount and timing of the application of organic fertilizers depends on many factors. On light soils, the required dose of such top dressing is 80-100 g / m2, on heavy soils, 50-70 g / m2. In the spring, when planting potatoes or seedlings of vegetable crops, 20-30 g of the product is poured into the wells. For fruit crops, this norm is 50-70 g.
Use efficiency
The use of organic mineral complex fertilizers, as already mentioned, can significantly improve the quality of land in suburban areas and farm fields. Studies conducted by scientists have shown that after using this type of fertilizing in the soil, the content increases:
- organic substances - 2.5 times;
- phosphorus and potassium - almost 2 times;
- magnesium and calcium - 1.5 times.
Actually, the crop yield itself increases by an average of 30%.
Universal fertilizers
There are many types of such top dressing in composition. So, for example, specialized fertilizer for strawberries organomineral "Gardener" is very popular among summer residents. This top dressing is made on the basis of the latest technologies and contains the full range of macro- and microelements necessary for this culture in the organic shell.
But the most popular variety of this fertilizer is, of course, universal. Most often, summer residents use the compounds "Fortress" and "Barrel and four buckets" to feed plants. These funds can significantly increase yield on the site and at the same time are inexpensive.
Universal organic-mineral fertilizer “Barrel and four buckets” is appreciated by gardeners and gardeners primarily for its low cost. This is one of the few humic top dressings that are excellent for use in personal plots. It is usually sold either in tablets or in liquid form.
A particularly convenient form of packaging this fertilizer for gardeners is dry. The universal organic fertilizer “Barrel and four buckets” is sold for one tablet, which should be dissolved in 50 liters of water, that is, in five standard buckets. For many summer residents, one Barrel tablet is enough for the entire garden.
Universal fertilizer "Krepysh" can also be produced in various forms. Use it not only for adult plants, but also for seedlings. In any case, its consumption averages 2 tsp. for 10 liters of water.
Organic fertilizers: reviews of summer residents
Of course, the summer residents' opinion about this type of feeding was very good. Owners of suburban areas believe that such fertilizers are effective, and it is convenient to use them. In addition, in order to increase the yield of garden and horticultural crops, they need to be used very little.
In general, they earned really good organic fertilizer reviews. The prices for them are actually very low. So, “Barrel and four buckets” costs about 80 rubles. for a half-liter bottle and 35 rubles. per pill. For 50 g of funds, “Krepysh” will have to pay about 40 rubles., And for 1 kg of fertilizer “Gardener” for strawberries - 55-60 rubles.