Roof coverage is an important issue, absolutely every developer is faced with it. Today there are many materials for roofing. There are also many types of roofs. To be confused in this variety is quite real. It is for this reason that today we will talk about the types and types of roofs.
Roofing material is a kind of "protective shell" of the entire building from various atmospheric influences. Modern roofs are reliable and durable. It is made of various materials, from wood to plastic.
What types of roofing exist
Roofs existing today can be divided into five main types:
- Film roofing.
- Mastic.
- Sheet roofing.
- Roll.
- Piece.
Film
Among the types of roofs, film, which is also called membrane, is usually used in the construction of various public and industrial structures. Such buildings necessarily have a powerful concrete foundation. This is a prerequisite for the use of this roof. The main plus of this option over other types of roofs is a very simple installation. You can cover directly on top of the old coating, if necessary.
Mastic
This option is applied to the base, while roll coatings are not used. The material consists of various viscous oligomeric substances, which upon solidification give a solid monolithic coating. Mastic is best suited for working with materials such as bitumen, concrete and metal. The advantage of such a roof is its high resistance to corrosion and oxidation processes, temperature extremes. The material is lightweight and has sufficient elasticity.
Sheet
A popular option among the types of roofing roofs for private homes. But there may be other options. Sheet types of roofing can be divided into several subspecies:
- Slate.
- Galvanized steel sheet.
- Aluminum roofing.
- Cardboard and bitumen sheets.
- Metal tile.
- Metal profile.
The main advantages of all options in this category are durability, as well as a variety of colors and shapes.
Roll
These include bituminous and bitumen-polymer versions of materials. Such a roof is necessarily installed in two layers. Mounting method: surfacing over the base. The base is made of either concrete or metal. In rare cases, the deposition is changed to gluing on mastic.
Rolled roofs well tolerate frosts and extreme heat. In our country, the types of roll roofing cannot be called very common.
Piece
Recently, piece roofing is gaining more and more popularity in private housing construction. Among the main types of such a roof can be distinguished:
- tile (concrete, metal or ceramic);
- slate;
- tree - tes;
- shingles, shingles.
Ceramic tile is an expensive material. Its service life will easily exceed one hundred years. The material perfectly absorbs noise and is not afraid of temperature extremes or ultraviolet radiation.
It must be said that the types of roofing of private house roofs differ markedly in their properties depending on the materials. Choose, focusing on your project at home and its nuances. Types of roofing at home are also different. Sometimes price becomes the main criterion in choosing.
Soft roof
The most common, beautiful and relatively simple material among the types of roofing of the roof of the house is a soft option. It is quite durable, aesthetically attractive and can be used for many types and types of buildings. Fiberglass is most often used as the basis for this roof, but there are other options.
Soft roof: types
Tile (bituminous tile). The material with its appearance is very similar to a classic natural tile. But there are differences, the main one is flexibility, this factor significantly facilitates all types of roofing work with the material.
Strengths of a soft roof (tile):
- High resistance to corrosion processes and rotting material.
- Relatively low thermal conductivity.
- Full tightness in compliance with the technology of work.
- The possibility of applying the material on the most complex roofs.
- Wide range of colors.
PVC membranes. This is a special type of soft roof. It is a wide sheet (width 1.0-1.5 meters), which are laid on a special adhesive double-sided material.
The advantages of PVC membranes:
- Physical strength of the material.
- Resistance to frost / heat and other aggressive atmospheric influences.
- Excellent vapor permeability of the material.
Rolls. Type of soft roof, supplied exclusively in rolls. In fact, this is a carpet that has many layers. As part of this “pie”, one can distinguish roofing material, glassine and other modern high-tech materials and additives. This type of roof roof is mounted by gluing to the base layer by heating with a gas burner.
Strengths of roll roofing:
- Long-term water resistance of the material.
- High resistance to frost / heat.
- Relatively low price per square meter of material.
- Simplicity of the roof installation process.
It is easy to work with types of soft roofing materials.
Metal option
Types of roofing for residential buildings from this subcategory have a service life of up to one hundred years. The easiest option is flat sheets. They are usually made of galvanized and non-galvanized steel. This roof has its undeniable advantages:
- Relatively light weight material.
- Possibility of use in the most complex roof structures.
- Excellent water flow due to the smoothness of the material.
- Resistance to open fire (a certain amount of time).
- Easy to replace part of the sheets if necessary.
The most commonly used material from the category is the so-called professional sheet. In Russia, this is a real "hit", but now there is a tendency to the loss of popularity of material.
Profiled sheets are most often made of galvanized steel or aluminum (aluminum slate). The advantages of this type of roofing:
- Low material weight and ease of installation.
- High resistance to frost and corrosion.
- Very long life.
Metal tile is a material that gradually displaces corrugated board from a leading position in the category. The material externally represents special corrugated sheets with a profile that are an imitation of the shape of natural tiles. Among the strengths of the material, the following can be distinguished:
- Aesthetically attractive appearance of the material.
- Extremely low weight.
- High resistance to corrosion processes.
- Long service life of a metal tile.
Flat roof
The material is a kind of flooring from several layers. The layers necessarily include vapor barrier, thermal insulation, as well as waterproofing and gravel. The outer layer in this “roofing cake” is, for example, paving slabs. Such a coating is installed on flat roof slopes. Expensive and complex material in its implementation. The basis for this roof can be wood, concrete, metal or something else.
This type of roof can be:
- Unexploited. This is the cheapest type of roof due to the lack of exposure to high physical exertion.
- Exploited. A popular type of roof in its subcategory. On such roofs you can place a small cafe, parking lot or something else.
- Traditional. This roof is organized on top of the insulating layer.
- Inverse. A very complex roof in terms of installation and reconstruction. In this case, a layer of insulation material is mounted on top of the waterproofing layer. A geotextile fabric or special drainage protects the insulation layer from external aggressive atmospheric influences. On top of all of the above, for example, paving slabs.
Roll roofing
It is a multilayer coating of high strength. This roof has long been used in construction. It can be divided into several subspecies:
Polymer-bitumen roofing. The composition includes special polypropylene and a material such as styrene-butadiene-styrene. The advantages of this type include:
- High resistance to ultraviolet radiation and various chemistry.
- The life of the roof can reach 20-30 years.
Recessed roof. It includes a special galvanized metal. From the advantages of the seam roof, you can distinguish:
- 100% tightness of the coating.
- Ability to use on the most difficult roofs.
- Silent and easy installation.
Polymer option. In its composition, this roof has rubber and some special petroleum polymer resins. Advantages of this type:
- The service life of the roof is more than 20-25 years.
- The possibility of its installation on the steepest slopes of the roof.
Bitumen roofing. It is made from special oxidized bitumen. Bitumen roofing can be implemented on roofs with a slope of only less than 250 degrees, it must be replaced every 6 years of operation.
Flexible tile is a coating in the form of a flat sheet, which has fiberglass at its core. Pros:
- The service life of the material is more than 50-60 years.
- A wide variety of geometric shapes and color schemes.
Roofing: types of constructions
In form today there are a lot of roofing options. Consider the most relevant and sought after. These include:
- Shed roof.
- Gable.
- Hip roofs.
- Half-hip.
- Multi-tong design.
- Roof with broken ramps.
- Dome construction of the roof.
- Combined roof options.
Pent roof
This is the easiest option. The frame of this type of roof is located on the walls of the room, the angle of inclination is calculated before installation. It should not be too small, otherwise it can lead to accumulation of snow in the winter and a collapse of the roof of this type. This view does not have an attic.
Gable roof
This is the type we are used to. This is a classic of Russian private housing construction. Two roof slopes are connected to each other through the ridge. Under such a roof you can organize an attic or attic. Convenient and practical solution.
Hip roofs
This is an extremely reliable and durable solution in the matter of roofing. This type of roof is considered to be European. The frame has four slopes, two of them have a triangular shape (instead of the pediments in the classic roof), and two more trapezoidal slopes. Installation of this type of roof is very difficult and long. But the result is worth it!
Semi-hip roofs
This is an even more time-consuming and complex option in its execution. This type of roof is characterized by truncated slopes of a triangular shape, which are higher than trapezoidal. This roof option is not only more attractive than the hip type described above, but also more reliable. The half-hip roof allows large windows to be inserted into the gables.
Multi-tong design
Its installation requires experience and skills. The roof of this type is very beautiful. This roofing option is complex, and it needs to be well and carefully thought out before implementation. A multi-gable roof of the building will require enormous expenses from you both physically and financially. But a qualitatively made construction of this type, subject to all construction technologies, will please the owner of the building for a very long time.
Roof with broken slopes
On the device of such a roof are often people who plan to have a residential attic and at the same time save a sufficient amount of money. Fractures of its slopes have a large angle of inclination, this, in turn, ensures the formation of a significant amount of living space under the roof. Broken roof construction significantly increases the functionality of the building. But at the same time, this roof cannot be called aesthetically attractive.
Dome roof design
This is a roof of a certain rounded shape. Sometimes the dome is installed around the perimeter of the building, and sometimes only over part of the building. Dome houses are a fairly new construction technology for Russia. The main plus of the roof is the almost full use of the space under it.
Combined Roof Options
This is a combination of any two types of roof described above in one building. As a rule, to make such roofs is very difficult, long and expensive. With the right layout, the result is very impressive.