Mastics can have various properties and characteristics - this is due to different additives in the mixture. Initially, bituminous and rubber-bitumen mastics are dense. And for effective use, they should be diluted. How to do it right? Let's see how to dilute bitumen mastic and how to cook it.
Classification
Each material is classified according to its composition according to different characteristics. So, the compositions are divided according to the conditions of use, as well as additives. Mastics differ in technological features. They differ in the possibility of operation at a certain temperature and conditions that ensure the hardening process, softening.
For example, hot compositions should be preheated to temperatures from 160 degrees and above. After that, you can use the finished product for insulation work. Cold mixtures are used differently. In this case, you will have to make a solution. How to dilute rubber-bitumen mastic depends on the application method and other factors. Cold types of mastics should not be heated. Solvents are very volatile and during the hardening process will evaporate from the surface.
By the method of preparation, all formulations are divided into one and two-component. Materials from the first group are prepared as simply as possible. The mass can be used immediately without the need to add any ingredients.
Bicomponent materials must be prepared, after which they are ready for use. How to dilute bitumen mastic depends on where and how the insulation work will be performed.
What is used for breeding?
Depending on where the material will be applied, the proportions and density change. Otherwise, the composition simply can not stay on the surface before it dries completely. Mastics are different, which means that the products for breeding will also be different.
Most often used to dilute materials:
- Car gasoline or kerosene.
- White Spirit.
- Gasoline "galosh".
In most cases, low octane gasolines are used as diluents. The polymerization process of the dissolved composition takes 24 hours after application. This is provided that the work is performed outdoors.
Choosing how to dilute bituminous mastic, it should be remembered that even low-octane gasolines are flammable liquids. Vapors of any fuel are flammable. In the process of waterproofing, do not use open fire.
As for the proportions, they should correspond to the volume of the base used. If you break them, the mixture will dry more slowly or increase the fluidity of the solution. As a result, adhesion will decrease or useful properties will be lost. In this case, the material will not carry protective functions.
How can I dilute rubber-bitumen mastic? There are other materials. This is turpentine, any kind of organic solvents. It is not recommended for these purposes to use acetone or liquids based on it. Some craftsmen dissolve mastic in diesel fuel. As a result, the mixture is heterogeneous. However, this solution fills all cracks and bumps with maximum quality. If the mastic is liquid, it has better adhesion and good insulating properties.
Elastic and special additives as a part of mastics
Gasoline, kerosene, white spirit are universal solvents. But when choosing how to dilute rubber-bitumen mastic, the first thing to decide is what characteristics are needed from the solution. Depending on the additives used in the composition, the materials are divided into:
- Bitumen-rubber.
- Bitumen-polyurethane.
- Bitumen-latex.
- Oil and rubber mixtures.
As you can see, bitumen is present in each material. But the additives are different everywhere - hence the different properties. So, with the addition of polyurethane or rubber, you can get additional elasticity. This is important for most insulation work.
As a result, a strong film is formed, which is difficult to tear. The film is easily stretched 20 or more times, while it does not deform. One of the options for how to dilute the rubber-bitumen mastic for the roof is motor gasoline.
Anti-corrosive mastic made of bitumen with oil
If you add oil to the composition, then the resulting mixture will not harden. This is important for processing pipes and other metal underground utilities. With the addition of oil materials, an adhesive, but not rigid film is obtained. It will not crack and will be able to maintain its integrity for a long time. This solution is not afraid of low and high temperatures. It is an ideal solution for processing heating systems. But for roofing, it is not suitable.
Mastic additives for roofing
Experts, answering the question of how to dilute bituminous mastic for roofing, recommend, in addition to solvents, also add rubber crumb. Such a coating will be strong and durable. And you can apply it on any type of surface. The material thus prepared can withstand mechanical stress, shock and vibration.
If you add rubber to the sucker, you can prepare a cold mixture that does not require heating. In addition to high waterproofing properties, the material acquires antiseptic characteristics along with high heat resistance.
Also for roofing, you can add to the mastic and liquid latex in the form of an emulsion. This is nothing but synthetic rubber. The product is extremely easy to prepare and apply, has excellent performance characteristics. The mixture is ideal for roofing.
How to prepare the right solution
An important point in the process of preparing mastic is the method of applying it to the surface to be treated. You can apply a protective solution both manually and with the help of special equipment. Manual application method is relevant when the amount of work is small. If you want to apply the composition over a large area, then apply mechanized application methods. The method of mixing depends on how the mastic is applied. How to dilute rubber-bitumen mastic? Before you start preparing the mixture, you need to prepare the surface on which the composition will be applied.
If peeling is observed on the coating, it should be thoroughly cleaned and then dried. After this, it is recommended to apply a layer of primer, which can interact with mastics. These primers are called bitumen
primers. The primer is sold ready-made. But you can cook it yourself. Next, we will tell you exactly how.
How to make a primer
The use of a primer is a guarantee of reliable bonding of waterproofing materials to porous and non-smooth surfaces. The composition is suitable for priming concrete substrates, cement-sand screeds.
Primer is a solution of petroleum bitumen. The softening temperature of the material is 80 degrees or more. For those who do not know how to dilute bituminous mastic, experts recommend the use of organic solvents. What could it be? This is kerosene, nefras, gasoline. They are added in a ratio of 1 to 1 or 1 to 5 by weight of the base.
To make the primer, you need pure bitumen - you need a few pieces. Next, the bars are dissolved in gasoline or in used engine oil. First, a solvent is filled in the prepared container - gasoline or mining. Next, the liquid is heated, and then crushed bitumen is added to the tank.
The solution is heated to temperatures from 190 to 200 degrees. In the process of heating, you need to constantly mix the mass. Next, prepare a container that can withstand high temperatures. Its volume is determined by the amount of solution. A bucket is suitable for small areas. It is enough for a few square meters.
Conclusion
So, we found out how to dilute bitumen mastic for the foundation. Specialists in the construction process in the preparation of insulating material give different advice. So, when using gasoline and diesel, lumps may appear. But you need to breed so that the mixture is not excessively liquid - this entails a large consumption of mastic.