Every car owner wants to have a place where you can leave your vehicle and not worry about its safety. Often such a place becomes a garage. It seems that a garage made of heavy materials will be more reliable. But this is an erroneous opinion. The frame garage has the same high characteristics as its heavier counterparts.
Choosing a place to build
Before you build a frame garage, you need to choose the right place. So, here's what you should pay attention to when searching for a site for construction:
- Its location. The best option would be to build it near the house.
- There should not be any difficulties with the entry or exit of the vehicle.
- The most convenient is a garage measuring 10 x 10 m. But the dimensions of the garage are determined by the owner himself.
- It is strongly not recommended to choose the size of the garage from the dimensions of a particular car. The reason for this is that in the event of a car change, the garage may turn out to be small in size.
Benefits
Frame garage has several advantages:
- It has high strength. What guarantees protection of the car from adverse climatic conditions and other influences.
- It has low thermal conductivity. In cold seasons, the garage warms up quickly enough from various sources of heat.
- Low cost.
- Easy installation. That will save on attracting assistants and masters.
- The speed of work is quite high.
- The ability to build a frame garage with your own hands.
But there is a point on which it is not worth saving - this is the documentation.
How to build a frame garage? Consider below.
We do everything according to plan
Given all of the above, you can proceed with the construction of a frame garage with your own hands. Step-by-step instructions include the following steps:
- Preparatory work for the construction.
- Foundation pouring.
- Types of frames and their installation.
- The construction of the roof.
- Sheathing and insulation of frame garage made of wood.
- Installing a garage door.
- Internal arrangement.
Below we consider each of the steps in more detail. And then the construction of a frame garage made of wood with your own hands will not be difficult.
Preparatory work
When the area for the future garage is selected, you can proceed to the first step. The preparatory work for the construction of a frame garage includes, first of all, the collection of documentation. Here is what needs to be prepared:
- project;
- garage model is three-dimensional;
- foundation plan;
- situational plan;
- circuit diagram of structural elements;
- rafter installation plan;
- drawings of the roof structure;
- water supply and drainage plan;
- detailed explanatory note;
- estimate.
After collecting the documentation you need to collect the necessary devices. They can be bought independently in specialized stores or rented from construction companies.
Given that a frame garage can be built on its own, the advice below is not necessary. But if you are a beginner, or you need to build a garage in the shortest possible time, then a team of two or three experienced people will be just right.
When the previous points are completed, it's time to start preparing the terrain. Any garbage, third-party objects, stones, vegetation should be carefully removed from the territory.
The next item is leveling and tamping the soil. Then the plot is marked. Stakes and ropes will be enough for this. Pegs must be installed in all corners and perimeter of the future building.
Next, inside the resulting rectangle, you need to remove the soil layer with a depth of about half a meter. In this way, a foundation will be prepared for the foundation.
Now you need to fill up the sand and gravel pillow. First, we fill the sand by 10 cm, then we lay the geotextile and fill the layer of crushed stone. It remains only to ram it all and let it lie down for a couple of days.
Foundation and floor
The foundation of the building is an important part on which the strength of the building depends. In addition, the foundation often serves as a garage floor.
Depending on the design, the foundation is of several types. But most often they use either a monolithic foundation with reinforcement by reinforcement, or tape.
Next, you need to install the formwork on three sides of the building. Not with four, but with three! The next item is reinforcing the foundation to increase its strength. For this function, both a special mesh and reinforcement can serve.
Now you need to fill the foundation. It is important to remember that concrete must be of high quality and fresh.
Before proceeding to the next step, the concrete must dry. This will take from three weeks. It is important to monitor climatic conditions. If there is a heat, then periodically need to be watered. If it is planned to rain, then you need to close it with polyethylene.
To install the floor, it is necessary to cover the entire area with a thin layer of gravel. A reinforcing mesh is laid on it, and then all this is poured with mortar and covered with thin slabs of reinforced concrete. Then the roofing material spreads and bars with a certain thickness are laid.
Types of frames, their installation
The frame can be made of various materials, but most often wood or a metal profile is used.
The wooden frame is notable for its low cost, modern design and simplicity. But there is one significant drawback - the combustibility of such material.
The metal profile has several advantages: reliability, strength, durability, resistance to negative influences. But the weight is heavier, so it may require a more solid foundation.
To build a wooden carcass garage, it is recommended to prepare the following:
- For the lower crown of the garage, you must have boards with dimensions of 100 * 50 mm, which are treated with a special antiseptic.
- For the construction of racks of corners and gates, bars of 100 * 100 mm are used. Other rafters, beams and racks are made of boards 100 * 50 mm.
- The distance between the posts of the lower crown should not be more than 1.2 m.
- The longitudinal parts of the structure are best done from a beam of 50 * 50 mm.
- If the garage is wider than 4 meters, then it is better to use boards with a size of 100 * 50 mm, and not with boards 100 * 100 mm.
For the construction of a metal frame, a bent metal profile or metal rolling is used. First of all, you need to lay the initial profile on the foundation and fasten together using anchors.
The remaining profiles are fastened together by welding. But you can use self-tapping screws, although such a fastener will be less durable.
When the lower frame of the frame is ready, four vertical posts are mounted in the corners. Profiles are set with corners outside and welded, additionally fastened with anchors.
The upper crown is made of metal. It must be welded to the vertical supports. It is on this perimeter that the rafters will be attached.
It remains only to weld the horizontal ribs and vertical racks in between.
Installation of the frame takes several days. If the rafters were assembled in advance on the ground, then you can not do without help.
Roof
When the frame is installed, you need to proceed with the installation of the roof. For a garage, the roof can be single or double. The second type of roof is more difficult to use, but it allows you to equip the attic (or use the space under the roof to store any fixtures or other things).
Installation of the roof involves several stages:
- Production of rafter system for the selected type of roof.
- Sheathing roof slopes or installation of the lathing.
- Roofing.
The shed roof has a fairly simple structure. But it’s important to calculate the roof slope angles very accurately even in the planning stage. The exact value depends on the roofing material used, but 15 ... 20 degrees is considered the best option. Accordingly, the excess of one wall over another also depends on this figure.
Depending on the direction of the roof slope, rafters are attached to the front or side walls. They are made from boards or beams. The board is installed on the end. All elements are connected at the same distance from each other, using pre-marked markings.
On top of the rafters, the details of the lathing are fastened - boards or sheets of oriented-strand board (OSB). The result of this step will be covering the selected roofing material.
The gable roof has a more complex structure. Therefore, the effort and time will have to spend more. There can be two options for mounting a gable roof: rafters are installed on the ground or they are mounted directly on the spot. The second option is more complicated, since it is more difficult to install individual elements at a height.
Steps for another roof mounting option:
- Using a beam, it is necessary to mount the ceiling beams.
- The rafters are installed on the sides of the building and on a temporary basis they are supported by racks.
- The skate board is attached at the intersection of the rafter legs.
- Next, marking is done for other pairs of rafters. Thus, the shape of the roof is formed.
- To make the rafter system stronger, you need to use a crate of boards. They are fixed perpendicular to the rafters. Or use sheets of OSB or plywood.
- The final stage is the installation of a roofing.
It is important not to forget to install drains on the roof. To do this, you can use a plastic pipe, cut in half.
Cladding and insulation of the walls of the garage
Cladding the walls of the garage implies facing. Various materials are used for this process. It can be euro lining, professional sheet, facing brick, siding.
Mineral wool, foam and sprayed polyurethane foam are usually used to warm the garage. This material should be located between the layers of the casing, regardless of which side it was mounted on.
Foam sheathing is an inexpensive and easy way that you can do on your own with an office knife. The thickness of the foam plate depends on the thickness of the racks of the frame. The disadvantage of this material is its high combustibility.
Mineral wool, unlike the previous insulation, is safer, but has a higher price. The disadvantage of mineral wool is the presence of spiny fibers, which can damage the skin and mucous membranes. Therefore, when working with her, you should use glasses, gloves and a respirator. This material is laid between the frame racks, filling all the available space between the casing.
The most expensive insulation is sprayed polyurethane foam. It can be used both for wooden structures, and for metal. For its installation requires special equipment.
It is important to choose a quality polyurethane foam and it’s better to invite an experienced person to work with it.
Gate mounting
Gates for the garage in their design are: swing, sectional, rolling and lifting and turning. The simplest and most affordable do-it-yourself gates for installation, respectively, are swing gates. For everyone else, you need to invite a specialist.
Swing gates can be made of wood or metal. The frame frame is made of pipe or timber, which is then sheathed with various materials (siding, metal sheets, boards, corrugated board). The optimum width for the gate is from 2.5 to 4m.
Also, 4 pieces of strong hinged hinges and two more are needed for small doors that open in one of the parts of the gate. Well and naturally, a good quality castle.
Interior arrangement
This is the final stage. If there is an attic, it is lined with boards and a staircase is installed. There is also an arrangement of a viewing hole or a cellar.
In addition, electrical wiring is carried out. At the request of the owner, water is connected and the issue of heating is solved.
Illustrated material
There are many options for frame garages. Photos of some of them are given in this article.
Also, a video is presented to your attention. From it you can learn more about the construction of a frame garage.
Finally
As you can see, this building is an excellent budget solution. But, despite the price and lightness of its construction, such a structure will serve faithfully for many years. But under an important condition - all stages of the construction will be performed "excellent". Due to its simplicity, it is not so difficult to build a frame garage. The step-by-step instructions described in this article are designed to help a beginner.