It is probably difficult to find people who would not dream of such real estate as a garden house, but for a simple reason - a summer house. This is a country house for urban residents, where you can have a wonderful vacation, weekend, socialize with nature, combine business with pleasure, because what a summer cottage can be without fruit trees, shrubs, beds with vegetables. As a result, in addition to rest, the owners of such sites save their budget thanks to the grown vegetables and fruits.
As a rule, a garden house is not used for permanent residence. This is a temporary habitat, more seasonal. Although the current opportunities in construction, insulation, as well as heating systems make living in a country house and in the cold season real.
Varieties of garden houses
Villas are built of their choice, having decided on the purpose of construction, the financial capabilities of the builder and taking into account the area where the foundation will be laid. This is the condition of the soil, and climatic conditions. Modern cottages can be varied: from the simplest, in the form of small wooden houses, to complex structures consisting of 2 or more floors, with gazebos and attics, with a garage, kitchen and other utility rooms. Economy-class garden houses are being built using wood material. This is an OSB board, plywood, board.
If funds allow, then you can not engage in construction, do not waste time and effort. It is enough to contact the developers, and they will do everything themselves, from the project of the garden house to its construction, handing over to the customer on a turnkey basis. This way is much more expensive, because you need to pay all the services of builders, and it costs a lot of money. But, with the necessary skills, you can build a garden house with your own hands. At the same time, serious money is saved and satisfaction from their own work appears.
The construction of the garden house begins with the layout. The number of rooms, the location of doors and windows, the size of utility rooms are important aspects for a future comfortable stay. Thus, a draft of the garden house is compiled . You can find ready-made solutions in the form of a plan, with a description of the sizes, materials and costs. You can develop it yourself, taking into account your wishes. Having decided on the plan, you should start marking the foundation on the site. To do this, use a long cord, tape measure, instruments for measuring angles and level.
Foundation laying
The foundation is the basis of the entire building, from the competently calculated and correctly laid foundation of which the reliability of the future structure depends. He bears the entire burden: from walls to the roof, including future furniture and the people who will live in this room. Therefore, the calculation and laying of the foundation must be taken with full responsibility.
Walling
Walls can be made of various building materials: brick, aerated concrete, cinder block, wood. For the simplest house with the use of wood, you need to build a frame. Consider the construction of an economy-class garden house using the example of aerated concrete.
Aerated concrete blocks are made by mixing aluminum powder, quartz sand, water, quicklime, cement. When these components are combined, a reaction occurs, accompanied by the release of oxygen in the form of bubbles. This mixture is placed in molds and heat treated. The blocks obtained in this way are distinguished by sufficient strength with low weight. They are easily processed with a hacksaw and aerated concrete plane. Given that the dimensions of aerated concrete blocks exceed the dimensions of bricks, construction is significantly accelerated. Due to the low weight of the material, the load on the foundation is reduced. With a beautiful and professional laying of the wall, you can not plaster.
Before laying the first row, prepare the base. For this, we apply roofing material. It performs the functions of a hydrobarrier.
The laying of the first row should be given special attention, since all subsequent rows will be based on it. Having put a layer of mortar on the base, lay the block and carefully level it vertically and horizontally with the help of a level, cord and rubber mallet. If necessary, resize the block, you can cut it with a hacksaw. With this installation, glue specially designed for aerated concrete is used. This composition is applied to the surface of the block with the carriage, leveled with a spatula with a comb. When laying rows, it is worth remembering the bundle of reinforcing mesh. It usually fits in the front row, then in every fourth, in the door and window openings. In the last rows, a reinforced ring belt is produced. Laying of each row begins with corners, and this is important for proper formation.
If the plastering of the walls is not provided on the outside, then it is necessary in advance, on fresh seams, to carry out the alignment (decorative seam). For this, a special gutter is used. Seams are treated with sealant both indoors and outdoors.
Overlapping cottages
When installing the ceiling, it is worth considering operating conditions: possible climatic effects (gusts of wind, squalls), whether they will walk on the roof, the load in the form of precipitation (areas with a lot of snow), the presence of an insulated attic. According to the material of manufacture it is possible to distinguish: wooden floors and using reinforced concrete. By design: monolithic (concrete slabs) and prefabricated. The beam structure has less weight and cost, it is easily assembled from metal and wooden bars without the use of lifting mechanisms, only with the muscle strength of a person.
The use of a heavy monolithic structure will entail the involvement of a crane, other PMFs, and, accordingly, additional costs and increased load on the foundation and load-bearing walls.
Roof covering
To perform the coating today, the industry presents an assortment of lightweight, durable, elegant materials:
- slate;
- roof tile;
- metal tile;
- shingles;
- roofing iron.
It makes no sense to list the full list, it seems endless. The choice depends entirely on the desire of the developer and is provided for by the project of a garden house. Choosing the necessary material, you need to remember: almost all roof elements are installed grille using vapor barrier materials, the so-called vapor film. It serves to prevent the penetration of moisture vapor to the roofing material. Therefore, its use is considered mandatory.
Landscape design
And so, a DIY garden house is built. After completion of construction, carrying out all internal works on landscaping, creating water and electrical communications, it is worth paying attention to such a factor as design. This is the arrangement of garden paths, the placement of decorative flower beds, flower beds and much more, which will positively affect leisure and leisure activities. What cottage can do without barbecue? In this case, it is worth considering providing a barbecue, a smokehouse - from the simplest portable barbecue to beautifully designed stationary installations. It all depends on the desires, needs and capabilities of the summer resident.