The problem of disposing of liquid household waste is faced by developers of private houses. Plastic sewage tanks can be installed on their own. They will serve long and reliable. The assortment is produced quite large. These can be ordinary storage tanks, simple septic tanks and autonomous waste-free waste treatment systems.
Types of plastic containers
Tanks for sewage are of the following types:
- cumulative;
- septic tanks;
- local treatment facilities.
At first, many simply dig into the ground a storage tank for collecting wastewater at home, which is periodically emptied using a cesspool machine. Recently, plastic containers for sewage have gained popularity.
Storage capacity is always needed. Even if the owner has built an autonomous treatment plant, additional tanks may be required for salvo discharges.
In the septic tank, liquid household waste is recycled. It consists of compartments. In the first of these, heavy particles are defended and fats float. It occupies 70% of the total volume of the septic tank. In the next compartment, biological decomposition and filtration of partially settled water takes place, and then it goes into the ground through the filtration field or filter well.
Local treatment facilities contain biological wastewater treatment plants. It is necessary to distinguish between anaerobic and aerobic methods of decomposition of bacteria. In the first case, this occurs in the absence of oxygen. The action of most septic tanks is based on this method. Anaerobic bacteria feed on organics, which turns into sludge. It settles at the bottom of the tank, and then is collected and used as a high-quality fertilizer of the soil.
For the life of aerobic bacteria, oxygen is needed, which is pumped by the compressor from the air in the form of small bubbles. The process is active, and the degree of purification is high. Compressor requires electric power.
Biological products are periodically introduced into plastic treatment tanks, where microbes multiply and eat sewage. In this case, it is necessary to constantly mix the drains with air. Devices for aerobic decomposition of liquid waste are called aerotanks. The process is carried out continuously, otherwise the microbes die within 3 months. Therefore, this technology is used in homes with permanent residence.
Wastewater treatment plants are calculated on the number of residents in the house. Their volume should not be less or more than calculated for efficient waste processing. But reserve capacity is always needed in case of an unexpected influx of guests or unforeseen accidents.
Sewer tank can be metal, reinforced concrete or brick. Plastic sewer tanks have the following advantages:
- tightness;
- ease of installation and installation;
- resistance to aggressive environments;
- durability.
The disadvantage is the low strength. In this regard, care must be taken during transportation and installation. Do not place the container on sharp stones that can push through walls.
The choice of containers made of plastic
Their volume depends on many factors and is calculated differently. Consider the factors that influence the choice of such tanks.
1. Determination of the volume of storage capacity
Plastic containers for sewerage are selected based on the frequency of removals, the number of residents and the average consumption of water per person. It is recommended to pump out waste no more than 2 times a month. With a daily intake of 150 liters for a family of 3 people. you will need a tank with a volume of 6.75 m 3 . In this case, it is necessary to take into account various unforeseen situations, due to which the export may be delayed. They take about 30% of the estimated amount of effluents. Then the final volume of the tank will be 9 m 3 .
If the manufacturer does not have such a tank, you should choose the nearest larger model. It should be purchased in advance to determine the dimensions of the pit. The height of the technological hatch is about 100 cm. In some models, it can be hermetically lengthened to increase the depth of the tank in order to prevent liquid freezing in winter.
With a periodic visit, you can install plastic containers for sewerage in a smaller cottage, which can be pumped out at the end of the season. In order to save, you can use plastic containers of 1-1.5 m 3 , which were in use.
2. How to calculate the volume of a septic tank
The volume of the septic tank should be equal to the 3-day water consumption by all users. At a rate of 150 liters per family of 3 people, the consumption will be 450 liters per day. Then for 3 days you will need a volume of 1350 liters. Estimated consumption is increased by 30%, and then the closest standard larger capacity is selected. As a result, the required volume of the septic tank is 2 m 3 .
The range of reservoir volumes is 1-150 m 3 .
3. Which plastic container to choose
Plastic sewage tanks are made of vertical and horizontal cylindrical, rectangular or in the form of a ball. The material is plastic or fiberglass. Walls can be single-layer or double-layer.
Plastic tanks are supplied with accessories to determine the level of their filling. This is a float system with a light or sound alarm, which informs about filling to a predetermined level.
The wall thickness of the barrel for sewage should be at least 9 mm.
Septic tanks for sewage treatment can be used as storage tanks for plastic sewage. In the summer, they reliably work for their intended purpose, and after cleaning, water can be used to irrigate the garden. In winter, the activity of bacteria eating the waste decreases, and drains must be taken out with a sewage machine.
Plastic containers for sewage. Reviews
Objective assessments of plastic tanks give reviews of people who independently installed, and also used them for many years.
For summer residents it turned out to be sufficient to use storage tanks of not more than 1 m 3 . Even with permanent residence there in the summer, it is enough for the entire period. But on condition: if you connect the tank to the toilet drain, and pour the remaining waste into a compost pit.
It is advisable to acquire storage capacity for the volume of a cesspool machine. The drains will completely fill the barrel, and they will have to be taken out less often.
Industrial septic tanks made of plastic cope with work with constant use in a private house. Water is reliably purified and leaves in the earth. Usually, the owners call the scavengers to periodically clean the containers once a year.
Autonomous sewage based on plastic containers is an environmentally friendly and safe system. Subject to the instructions for use, she does her job. Domestic-produced industrial sewage biological treatment plants are often purchased by homeowners and give positive feedback.
How to install plastic sewage tanks
- At a distance of about 5 m from the house and with the possibility of a convenient access of the cesspool machine, a foundation pit is digging, and a reinforced concrete foundation with a thickness of 20 cm is poured at its bottom. Fasteners should be placed in it.
- A sewer pipe with a slope of 3-5 mm / m is removed from the house into a trench 1 m deep for self-draining. Laying is straightforward so that there are no blockages.
- Plastic containers for sewerage in a private house are lowered on ropes or cables into a pit. The tank is installed on the foundation and fastened with anchor straps to the concrete screed so that it does not float further under the influence of groundwater.
- The holes in the tank are cut out and sewer and ventilation pipes are connected to it through rubber cuffs.
- Then it is wrapped with geotextile and covered with sand, which is periodically wetted and compacted. At the same time, water is poured inside to the level of backfill.
Conclusion
If you correctly select and install plastic containers for sewage, they will allow you to comfortably live in a private house with removal, with partial or complete processing of domestic wastewater. Devices are reliable and durable.