After prolonged use of the house, sometimes it becomes necessary to change or repair the base. The reconstruction of the foundation is the conduct of several stages. The need for these works may be required when cracks began to appear on the walls, the building settled down, and water began to appear in the basement.
Partial reconstruction features
At the first stage, it is necessary to analyze how much the foundation has been destroyed, only then can we proceed to raise the building to the required height. Sometimes only partial build-up of the foundation by concrete products or bricks can save. Their installation is carried out in those places where parts of the old foundation were removed.
Capital reconstruction of the base
If you have to work with a strip foundation, then it will be easiest to partially remove it, replacing it with a new one or reinforcing it. Initially, the house will have to be lifted using jacks, and this must be done evenly around the entire perimeter, otherwise walls can be permanently damaged.
If the reconstruction of the foundation involves work with piles, then, as a rule, they are completely replaced. After the reinforced concrete substrate is filled up, you can proceed with the installation of new posts. Reconstruction of any type of foundation must begin with digging a trench around the perimeter of the house. After the foundation should be cleaned of dirt and old finishes. The new base must be made stronger, for which reinforcement should be used. Its installation is carried out with some deviation from the wall. The next step will be the installation of formwork and pouring the solution. In this state, the new foundation must be left until the concrete hardens. Only then can the formwork elements be removed and backfilled.
Replacing the foundation of a wooden house
The reconstruction of the foundation of a wooden house, as a rule, is accompanied by the replacement or repair of the lower crown. Initially, a survey of the base is to be performed. The waterproofing also needs to be replaced, since years of operation bring it into a state of disrepair. As a new one, it is preferable to choose a monolithic foundation, for its installation it will be necessary to raise the building by about 50 cm. Do not forget about the presence of reinforcement, the optimal diameter of the rods of which is 10-12 mm.
In order to replace the crowns, it is recommended to use bars. You need to pick them up, given that they must be dry and even. If the building is installed on a relief surface, then the foundation should be done on the basis of piles.
The reconstruction of the foundation should be carried out especially carefully at the stage of lifting the house, since wooden walls can be easily damaged. The jacks should be located in places where the material has no damage and putrefactive formations. These areas have to be reinforced with metal 5 mm gaskets. They will allow you to evenly distribute the load on the logs. Boards should be laid under the jack, the length of which is 50 cm. The walls must be strengthened with boards before starting the lifting process.
The reconstruction of the foundation at the next stage involves the removal of old boards and the installation of temporary supports. Lifting is done gradually, 1-2 cm. Under the corners of the building, support platforms should be filled in, the dimensions of which are 60x60 cm. The concrete support should be cast on it. Its height should be equivalent to the height of the tape of the new base. From above it is necessary to mount a brick in two rows. Under a new foundation, gravel should be filled up, after mixing it with a brick fight. The thickness of this layer is 10 cm.
Now you can install the formwork and lay the fittings. After the concrete pillars have hardened, the house can be lowered by eliminating the jacks.
Replacing the foundation with screw piles
The reconstruction of the foundation with piles is considered the simplest solution to the question of changing the foundation of the house. Initially, the structure is analyzed for integrity, then you can proceed to screw the piles, placing them perpendicular to each other. The step between them should not exceed 2 m. Supports after installation must be tied with a channel. Then the building is lifted with jacks, which allows you to get rid of the old foundation. At the next stage, under the house perpendicular to the lags, it is necessary to make I-beams, which are welded to the channel. It is necessary to lay waterproofing on the beams. The completion of these works indicates that the house can be put in place. The reconstruction of the foundation of the house is now complete. However, it is worth considering that such work is preferable to produce, with the help of professionals.