A child in a family is not only the joy of motherhood and fatherhood, the first smiles and steps of the child. This is also a serious financial burden on the parental budget, which in recent years has become more and more noticeable due to the current economic situation. Therefore, you need to prepare for the birth of a baby as a long-term project that will require serious cash injections.
Fortunately, the state is taking all steps to develop various social programs aimed at supporting young parents. And special attention is paid to mothers who receive maternity benefits for the child. For most families, such financial support will be very significant, because a woman after childbirth cannot immediately start work, as she is busy caring for the baby.
What are maternity benefits?
A maternity leave is a maternity leave. According to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation and the norms of labor law, for a given period of time, maternity women are accrued and paid. The time interval over which maternity payments are made is considered at two equal intervals - before childbirth and after childbirth. They are charged in one amount and are paid immediately after the sick leave is submitted to the accounting department of the enterprise.
Categories of citizens who are entitled to maternity
Not only working women can apply for maternity benefits. In fact, any citizen of the Russian Federation can receive this type of benefit. Maternity benefits are paid to the following categories of expectant mothers:
- Employed citizens. They are paid benefits after contacting the personnel department at the actual place of work.
- Women for whom registered IP. For the calculation and receipt of maternity, they must contact the bodies of social protection of citizens. The size of maternity payments will be proportional to social contributions.
- Citizens without a job. That is, those who have lost their posts due to the liquidation of the enterprise or the reduction in the last year. Payments of this category of women are possible only if they are registered in the employment center. They can make out the benefit and receive it in social security bodies. Just unemployed can not apply for maternity.
- Full-time students. Maternity leave is drawn up at the dean’s office of the institution, and their size depends on the scholarship they receive.
- Female soldiers serving on a contract basis. The allowance is issued in the personnel department at the duty station.
- Moms who adopted the baby. The allowance is issued in the social protection authorities.
Duration of maternity leave
To date, the size of maternity leave for maternity is considered at the following time intervals:
- 140 days - in the case of conventional childbirth, no problem, and this period is divided into two equal - 70 days before and after childbirth. Then the mother is obliged to go to work or, more often, takes out leave to care for the baby until he is 1.5 years old.
- 156 days - in cases when there were complications during childbirth. It is divided into intervals of 70 days before and 86 after delivery.
- 194 days. Such a sick leave is closed if two or more babies are born. Consider this: 84 days before birth and another 110 after.
- 70 days. So much is paid to mothers who have adopted a baby.
- 110 days. They are paid to citizens who have adopted more than one child.
Thus, the legislation of the Russian Federation stipulates that in the event of a normal singleton pregnancy, a woman will go on maternity leave at the 30th obstetric week. From the 28th week if more than one child is expected to be born. In areas with increased levels of radiation, maternity leave on the 27th week.
Early Registration Fee
This is the smallest lump sum among all eligible payments. Its size is 613.14 rubles. This financial support is provided to all citizens who are registered in the antenatal clinic before the onset of 12 weeks of pregnancy. To receive this benefit, you must provide a certificate from the antenatal clinic - at the place of work or to social protection authorities.
Maternity pay: how to count
Benefits vary by official income and the category of women applying for financial support. The amount of maternity benefits will be calculated as follows:
- For working (officially) Russians, it will be 100% of the average earnings for the previous two years. In case of dismissal in connection with the liquidation of the enterprise, the benefit is paid by the social security authorities. Combined citizens can apply for payments from both employers. The amount directly depends on the level of salary. However, the legislation regulates the minimum and maximum threshold. So, in the current year the minimum maternity payments amount to 34 520.55 rubles. The official maximum is 266 191.80 rubles. Those women who have worked less than six months, maternity count according to the minimum wage.
- Unemployed and not in the employment center citizens can only receive 613.14 rubles. - for early registration.
- For full-time students, the size of the scholarship is taken as the calculation base. So, in 2017, its minimum amount was 1340 rubles, and maternity payment, based on this amount, was paid in the amount of 6167.6 rubles.
- For female contract soldiers serving in the armed forces of the Russian Federation, the amount is calculated based on the size of the allowance.
Minimum Payments Guaranteed by the State
Thus, linking the minimum payments to the minimum wage, the law requires that any working woman receive an amount not less than:
- 34 520.55 rubles - in 140 days;
- 38,465.75 rubles - for 156 calendar days, in case of complications during labor;
- $ 47,835.62 - for 194 calendar days, in the event of the birth of two or more children.
Maximum amounts
The maximum payment of maternity, if this allows mom's income level, may be:
- US $ 266.191.80 - for 140 calendar days;
- US $ 296,207.93 - in 156 days;
- 368 361.15 RUB - in 194 days.
One-time allowance
There are other types of maternity leave benefits . You can get a one-time birth allowance. Its size is 16,350.33 rubles. This type of financial assistance from the state must be issued after the birth of the baby, until he is 6 months old. It is drawn up at the place of work (for those who are employed) or in social protection bodies. In order to receive a lump sum payment, you must write a statement and provide documents confirming the birth of the baby. In addition, it is necessary to bring a certificate from the work of his father that he did not receive this allowance. If dad draws up, then, on the contrary, you need a certificate from the work of mom.
In the case of registration with the social protection authorities, you must provide an additional passport, policy and a copy of the labor.
Decree up to one and a half years: financial security
You can still arrange the payment of maternity care for the baby up to a year and a half. Both father and mother can apply for it - it all depends on which of the parents will stay at home. The amount of this allowance depends on the level of income, as well as on how the baby was born. Amounts will be as follows:
- For working Russians, 40% of the average monthly official income for the previous two years. Guaranteed minimum for the first baby - 3 065.66 rubles. For the second and all the following - 6,131.37 rubles.
- In the event of liquidation of the enterprise during maternity leave, the benefit to the mother will be accrued by the social protection authorities. Its size will also be 40% of the average salary. The maximum amount laid down in this case is 12,262.76 rubles.
- Non-working women receive a minimum allowance of 3065 and 6131 rubles for the first-born or subsequent babies, respectively.
Allowance up to 3 years
In most cases, maternity payments cease as soon as the baby is 1.5 years old. In the period from one and a half to three years, parents can receive only a symbolic monthly allowance of 50 rubles. However, in some cases, for example, at the birth of more than one child or in regions with a special status, the benefit continues to be paid in the same amount up to three years. You can find out more about this at the social security authorities at the place of registration.
All benefits are regularly increasing. In 2019, you should also wait for the indexation of social benefits, including those that are prescribed for maternity.