How to build a garage? In most cases, motorists begin to think about its need after buying a vehicle. However, you can erect a storage room for the machine long before its purchase, and it certainly will not stand idle.
You can start building a capital garage on separate land plots, in cooperatives, another option is to include its construction in the plan of a new private house. It is better to select a site for the construction of a garage based on the convenience of its location in relation to the place of own residence.
Types of Garages
Depending on the chosen construction option and location, the garages are divided as follows:
- freestanding;
- attached to the house and other structures;
- built into the house.
If we talk about the latter type of structures, then this construction option is the most time-consuming and expensive, since it is necessary to develop a plan for its construction even at the stage of laying the foundation of a private house. At the same time, such garages do not take up extra space on the personal plot, and you can get into them from your own housing.
The garage in the form of an extension is no less convenient to operate. Its heating and connection to communications, as in the previous version, is possible directly from home. However, unlike the built-in, such a garage will take up a lot of precious area.
As for the stand-alone options, the project for the construction of a garage of this type involves additional waste on the laying of communications, connection to electric networks, and heating.
Choosing a place to build
Choosing a site is necessary based on current building codes. Naturally, after a suitable site is found, it is necessary to obtain an appropriate permit for the construction of a garage.
If you decide to erect the building flush with a fence or fence, you must not forget that the open gates of the future garage should not block the carriageway and impede the free movement of cars and pedestrians.
According to the requirements of fire safety, it is necessary to observe the distance from your own garage to the nearest residential buildings of about 10 or 15 m in the presence of protection of residential buildings in the form of polymer coatings.
Materials
Having decided on the type of garage and the place of construction, it is necessary to choose the most affordable material suitable for the price and quality. The most common option today is the construction of a garage of foam blocks, metal structures, brick and stone. Making the final decision about the choice of material for construction, it is necessary to rely on the prospects and ease of operation of the future building, the nuances of the work, personal opportunities and preferences.
The best choice for the bulk of motorists in terms of moderate cost and wide availability of material is brick. However, a good alternative here may be the construction of a garage of foam blocks, cinder concrete, foam concrete. At the same time, the decision to erect a brick building today seems truly justified. This design not only looks more solid compared to the metal, but also has a whole host of advantages. After all, it is not without reason that brick garages are called capital garages.
Foundation laying
Based on the type of soil and the selected building materials, a decision is made on laying a slab or strip foundation. Often freestanding garages are erected on strip foundations. A special trench is dug under them around the entire perimeter of the future structure. In the presence of solid soil, the foundation formwork is built only for the ground part. The hidden part is poured with concrete into the reinforced trench.
To begin with, a trench is prepared, which is the basis of the foundation on which the garage will be located. Do-it-yourself construction involves the creation of a foundation, the depth of which is no more than a meter, which is quite enough for domestic latitudes, based on the depth of freezing of soils. In this case, it is necessary to lay a trench a little wider than the wall of the garage.
The bottom of the pit is covered with a layer of sand about 5 cm thick, moistened with water, and then carefully rammed. Next, metal fittings are installed and concrete is poured. After laying the foundation, it is recommended to leave it for several months, so that the structure dries out well.
Walling
If brick was chosen as the main building material, it is better to masonry in one layer. This requires plastering the surface of the walls on both sides of them. In order for the brick structure to acquire an attractive appearance, it is enough to paint its walls with facade paint or lay tiles. These types of cladding perfectly resist moisture. Based on design considerations, it is better to perform the exterior decoration of the walls of the garage with an eye on the appearance of the remaining structures located on the site.
Goal
Reliable gates are one of the most important elements with which the garage is equipped. Do-it-yourself construction is carried out, so they can be done using metal doors. This option is best suited for a cooperative garage. Mounting a metal gate requires only installation in the opening and the final laying of walls. At the same time, automatic gates can become the optimal, most convenient option for the construction of a garage built into a living room.
Roof
When developing an action plan, before building a garage, special attention should be paid to the selection of materials for laying the roof. When the need for saving the construction budget comes first, it is better to choose slate sheets as the material for the coating. If sufficient funds are available, a metal profile, ondulin or metal tile can be used.
The simplest option may be the construction of a shed roof, which consists of a continuous crate, transverse beams and a boot. Such designs are widely used in the construction of inexpensive garages, as they do not require a significant expenditure of resources, effort, and also have a high degree of reliability.
Beams of a shed roof are laid in specially prepared openings, which must be provided for in the project, according to which a garage will be built. Do-it-yourself construction can be done with laying the beams with a brick from above or fixing them to metal staples.
On top of the beams of the future shed roof, a crate is nailed. This is done with a durable edged board or bootlegging. Nailing the crate should be such that no large gaps remain in the structure.
Next, waterproofing materials, for example, roofing material, are laid. At the same time, it should be laid in the direction from the bottom up, creating a material overlap in the range from 10 to 15 cm. At the end of all work, slate is nailed with nails or any other external roof covering is laid .
Warming
Most garages do not need special decoration. However, it will not be superfluous to use ordinary cement mortar, with which you can wipe the garage. Do-it-yourself construction at the same time requires insulation of the room, if it does not provide for at least primitive heating.
As a simple inexpensive insulation for a garage, foam boards can be used. For high-quality and reliable insulation of a detached building, it will be enough to lay a foam with a thickness of 5 cm. As an option, you can use a heater in the form of mineral wool with its subsequent plastering.