The culture of ancient Rome significantly influenced the development of European and world history. Back in those days, traditional values, norms of social life and socio-psychological patterns of behavior were laid, which for thousands of years have been the basis of European enlightenment. Rome was also the "founder" of democracy, the separation of powers and civic responsibility, which indicates a high social level of development, which contributed to the formation of a strong and developed state.
Initially, the culture of Ancient Rome developed under the influence of the Greek and Etruscan peoples, but subsequently the Romans in many ways surpassed their teachers, reaching admirable heights. It all started with a religion that recognized the power of spirits and deities. Since the Roman pantheon was always open to "alien" forces, it was believed that the new deities only increase the power of the Roman inhabitants, so the mythology of Rome began to identify its gods with the Greek.
It was also with philosophy and literature. Initially, the Greek sages and writers "became" Roman, and their works were translated into Latin, but then, studying the works of great philosophers and supplementing the conclusions with their own experience, many truly Roman great writers and scholars showed their abilities. So the culture of Ancient Rome was born.
Further development took place in all spheres of culture. In architecture, the Romans made a significant step forward. They preferred the construction of buildings that were more in line with practical needs and emphasized the power that suppresses a person with its greatness than temple (spiritual) complexes. As a result of this, new types of structures (amphitheater, terma and basil) and structures (arches, domes, pillars) appeared.
The culture of Ancient Rome briefly describes some of Greece's achievements, because during their conquests the Romans exported a large number of values and works of art from the
Hellenistic states . These trophies were subsequently copied, which, unfortunately, impeded the development of their own painting and sculpture. Thus, the
artistic culture of Ancient Rome was characterized by a fairly good development of only the portrait genre (statues depicting a figure in toga, busts), which was distinguished by the simplicity and accuracy of the image.
As already mentioned, the main feature of the thinking of the Romans was practicality, which contributed to the development of applied sciences. In this regard, jurisprudence has reached a high level, according to which numerous literary masterpieces have come down to us. In addition, new household utensils, glass and bronze dishes, water mills, appliances for heating rooms and heating water, and much more, were “invented”.
One of the reasons that the
culture of Ancient Rome began to flourish was the improvement of the material and economic situation of the empire, which provided the necessary conditions for the formation of values and gave rise to the ancient intelligentsia (poets, teachers, philosophers and other artists).