Traditional internal combustion engines are distinguished by the fact that pistons act as an initial link, which perform coordinated reciprocating movements. After the invention of crank assemblies, specialists were able to achieve torque. In some modern models, both links make one kind of movement. This option is considered the most practical.
For example, in a linear generator, there is no need to act on reciprocating actions, while extracting a rectilinear component. The use of modern technologies made it possible to adapt the output voltage of the unit to the user, due to this part of the closed electrical circuit does not rotate in a magnetic field, but only translational.
Description
A linear generator is often called a permanent magnet product. The unit is designed to effectively convert the mechanical energy of a diesel engine into an output electric current. Permanent magnets are responsible for this task. A high-quality generator can be made on the basis of different geometric schemes. For example, the starter and rotor can be made in the form of coaxial disks that rotate relative to each other.
Experts call such linear generators disk or simply axial. The scheme used in production allows you to create high-quality units of compact dimensions with the most dense layout. Such a product can be safely installed in a limited space. The most popular are cylindrical and radial generators. In such products, the starter and rotor are made in the form of coaxial cylinders embedded in each other.
Characteristic
A linear generator belongs to the field of power engineering, as its skillful use allows to increase fuel economy and minimize toxic gas emissions in common free-piston internal combustion engines. In a stand-alone product, in which electricity is converted by means of a clutch between a permanent magnet and a fixed winding, the cylinders paired with pistons have a characteristic conical prechamber. The generator operates with modified compression strokes. The winding and the search magnet are designed so that the final ratio between the amounts of mechanical energy used to generate electricity is equal to that available between the degrees of compression.
Design
The search magnet in classical generators is distinguished by the principle of structure, since manufacturers completely excluded rubbing parts, such as current-picking brushes and collectors. The absence of such mechanisms increases the degree of reliability of the diesel power plant. The end user does not have to spend large sums on equipment maintenance. The device of a linear generator on diesel fuel with permanent magnets allows experts to reliably provide valuable energy to various laboratories, residential buildings, as well as small production facilities.
A high degree of reliability, availability and easy start-up make such installations simply indispensable in the case when it is necessary to ensure the availability of a backup power source. The negative sides of linear generators include the fact that the most reliable design does not allow to obtain a high output current voltage. If you need to provide powerful equipment with electricity, then the user will have to use multi-band models, the cost of which is much higher than the basic settings.
Line chains
This is a separate category of parts, which is in great demand among professionals. In accordance with Ohm's law, the current in linear electrical circuits is proportional to the applied voltage. The resistance level is constant and absolutely independent of the voltage applied to it. If the I – V characteristic of an electric element is a straight line, then such an element is called linear. It is worth noting that in real conditions it is difficult to achieve high performance, as the user needs to create optimal conditions.
For classic electrical elements, linearity is conditional. For example, the resistance of a resistor depends on temperature, humidity, and other parameters. In hot weather, the indicators increase significantly, because of which the mechanism loses its linearity.
Benefits
A universal linear permanent magnet generator compares favorably with all modern analogues with numerous positive characteristics:
- Light weight and compact. This effect is achieved due to the absence of a crank mechanism.
- Affordable price.
- High-quality MTBF due to the lack of a combustion system.
- Manufacturability. For the production of durable parts, exclusively non-laborious operations are used.
- Adjusting the volume of the combustion chamber without stopping the engine.
- The base load current of the generator does not affect the magnetic field, which does not entail a decrease in the characteristics of the equipment.
- There is no ignition system.
disadvantages
Despite numerous positive characteristics, a multifunctional generator with high-quality working cylinder bushings has some negative characteristics. Negative reviews of the owners are associated with the difficulty of obtaining the output voltage in the form of a sine wave. But even this drawback can be easily eliminated by using universal electronic and converting technology. Beginners need to be prepared for the fact that the unit is equipped with several internal combustion cylinders. Classical adjustment of the volume of the fuel chamber is carried out according to the same principle as in the test billet.
Diesel engines
Every man can make a linear generator with his own hands, which will have optimal performance characteristics. The main thing is to adhere to the main recommendations and prepare in advance all the necessary tools. A diesel line generator is useful if the user has to make changes to the existing electrical network. The unit will help to greatly simplify the implementation of professional and domestic tasks. Any product needs periodic maintenance. Any master will cope with such manipulations if he knows the principle of the mechanism.
Limitations
Affordable and reliable linear generator is becoming increasingly popular. As an energy source, this unit can be used both in the domestic and industrial sectors. But every user should be aware of some limitations. During operation, the cams of the valve actuators are erased, as a result of which the mechanism does not open, due to which the power drops to critical levels.
Due to frequent operation, the edges of the hot valve quickly burn out. The device contains liners - bearings, which are located on the neck of the crankshaft. Over time, these products are also erased. As a result, a free space forms through which the seasoned oil begins to pass.
Fuel pump
The drive of this unit is presented in the form of a cam surface, which is firmly sandwiched between the piston roller and the housing itself. The mechanism performs reciprocating movements together with the connecting rod of the internal combustion engine. If the master plans to change the amount of fuel pushed out in one stroke, then he necessarily carries out a careful rotation of the cam surface with respect to the longitudinal axis. In this situation, the piston rollers of the pump and the housing will move or move apart (it all depends on the direction of rotation). The total values of voltage and electricity generated during various cycles cannot be classified as automatically proportional to changes in mechanical energy.
This approach involves the use of large batteries, which are most often installed between a part of the internal combustion and electric motors. Using a linear generator allows you to maintain a favorable ecological environment. Experts managed to minimize the formation of toxic compounds during operation of the unit, which is highly appreciated in modern society.