A seven-day week first appeared in Babylon and from there spread throughout the world. Up to this point, people believed that day is just the time from sunrise to sunset. But with the advent of the division of days and the appearance of their names, everything changed. In different countries, the beginning of the week is different days: somewhere the week starts on Monday, and somewhere on Sunday. In any case, it is important not the beginning of the week, but a clear division into working days and weekends. In addition to the week, it is important for people to know the days themselves, not only their names: gardeners and astronomers constantly calculate lunar days, sunny days. They play an important role in human life.
Deepening in ancient times, Christianity is accustomed to counting the days from the resurrection, as it is considered the day the creation begins. In Rome, before the second century AD, the same thing was considered the beginning of the week on Sunday, but after the ban on celebrating Saturday, the day of rest was moved to Sunday. And since 321 it has become an official weekly holiday. Gradually, people got used to this state of affairs.
sunny day
A sunny day or a sunny day is the time during which the sun makes a full revolution in the sky and returns to its original place. For example, it looks like this: the sun rises, passes through the sky, sets, and then rises again at a given point. This interval between two points is considered a sunny day or a sunny day. People are used to thinking that it takes 24 hours. Seven such sunny days add up per week.
Seven day week
There was a time when in one week there were not seven days, but three, five, eight, and even fourteen. In different countries, the week was considered differently, and only in ancient Babylon was the seven-day week counted. This is due to the phases of the moon: the first phase of growth lasts seven days, the same number of the second, and third, and fourth.
Christians and Jews began to use the seven-day cycle because of the Old Testament, which speaks of the creation of the world in seven days.
Each day of the week got its name. By the way, in ancient Rome they called the days of the week by the names of the planets that could be seen with the naked eye: Saturn, Venus, Jupiter, Mercury, Mars, the Moon and the Sun.
Before the adoption of Christianity, it was customary to start the week on Sunday, i.e., a day off. But then people decided to review the order and made Sunday the last day of the week: now it ends with a day off.
Monday
This is the day of the beginning of the week and the beginning of working time. In Slavic languages, Monday means after a week. In European countries, Monday is considered a lunar day.
Tuesday
This day is not ordinary: in different countries it is associated with Mars. In Slavic culture, it is considered the second after Sunday. But in Finland, England, Germany, the very name of the day sounds with hidden meaning: the name Tuesday hides the name of the warlike ancient German god Tiu analogue of Mars.
Wednesday
This is the day when the middle of the week comes. The name environment in other languages contains the name of the planetary god Mercury. In Swedish and Danish, the name of the day of the week is hidden by the name Woden - this is God portrayed by a thin old man in a black cloak. He is famous for the invention of the runic alphabet.
Thursday
Thursday is not a simple day and evening, but a special time - the day of warlike Jupiter. In English, Finnish and Swedish, the name of the day is the name of Thor.
Friday
In French, Italian and Spanish, the name of the day is formed from the name of Venus. In English and German, this day hides the name of the fertility goddess Frigga.
Saturday
In English and Latin, the name of this day is consonant with Saturn. In Russian, French, Italian, the name of the day of the week goes back to Hebrew and means rest. The same is heard in other languages of the world. The Jews have much to do with this day, they are forbidden to work on Saturday.
Sunday
In German, Latin and English, this day of the week is dedicated to the Sun. But in Russian and a number of other languages, resurrection means the day of the Lord. In ancient times, Sunday in Russian was called a week. In many Slavic languages, Sunday resounds with a week.
The names of all days of the week are numbered: Monday means the first after the week, Tuesday - the second, Wednesday - the middle of the week. Thursday is the fourth day, and Friday is the fifth.
Now people are used to the fact that a week in Russia begins on Monday and ends on Sunday, a day off. Sometimes it even seems that there could not be other options, but, as can be seen from the above, this is not so. It was difficult for those nationalities that had fourteen days in a week, of which only one day off.