One of the most popular fruit trees in Russia is the apple tree; it is not in vain that it is called the “Queen of the Gardens”. Trees grow throughout the country. Each zone has its own zoned varieties. Anis Sverdlovsky is an apple tree, popular among gardeners in the Middle Urals. In the harsh climate zone, the fruits of this variety have time to grow to medium size and ripen.
History
Anis Sverdlovsky is an apple tree belonging to the autumn varieties. It was bred at the Sverdlovsk selection gardening station. Over the years (since 1935), the institution’s specialists have bred many varieties of apple trees: with different ripening dates, color, size and taste of the fruit, the size of the tree itself, and the level of frost resistance. Sverdlovsk breeding station is still the northernmost in Russia. Her work on the cultivation of fruit tree varieties for the Non-Black Earth region is well-deserved success among amateur gardeners.
Anis Sverdlovsky is an apple tree (photo in the text), bred by breeder L. A. Kotov. They were based on two varieties - Melba and Anis purple. Anis Sverdlovsky was included in the State Register in 2002 in the Volga-Vyatka region (4). Currently, it is successfully planted in the Sverdlovsk, Chelyabinsk, Perm, Omsk, Kurgan regions, in Bashkiria, Udmurtia, the Republic of Mari El.
Orchards grow for many years. A place for planting trees must be selected carefully, taking into account the characteristics of the local climate. The maximum yield in the Middle Urals is obtained in elevated areas with protection from the prevailing winds, north-west and west. Do not forget about soil cultivation: timely fertilizing and protecting it from pests.
But choosing a suitable place is not always possible. Most often, amateur gardeners grow their crops on the site that they got. Trees are planted depending on specific conditions:
- physical properties of the soil (clay, peat, sand);
- groundwater depths;
- depths of rocky soil.
The most common apple planting options:
- classic landing pits;
- on the surface of the soil;
- deep trenches and furrows;
- on ridges or hills (shafts) of various heights.
With the right choice of agricultural techniques, even on very poor soil, you can get a decent harvest.
Description
What does the apple tree Anis Sverdlovsky look like? Description of the variety is given below.
- medium-sized trees;
- the crown is oval or wide-pyramidal;
- begin to bear fruit in 4-5 years;
- main branches leave the trunk at an angle of 60 0 ;
- mixed type of fruiting;
- shoots are brown, straight, heavily pubescent, medium in size, round in cross section;
- leaves are rounded, of medium size, serrated along the edge;
- pink buds, white flowers, medium size.
The tree does not tolerate shading. The soil is preferably water-resistant, breathable, fertile, loamy or sandy loam.
Characteristic
Now consider the characteristics of the variety in terms of yield and quality of the fruit. Anis Sverdlovsky - an apple tree that produces medium-sized fruits, not more than 120 grams. Apples are smooth, of the same size, of regular rounded shape.
The skin of the fruit is dry, has a glossy tint and a slight wax coating. The main color of ripe apples is light yellow. But the integumentary color is deep red. It can be on the entire surface of the apple or on most of it. The fruits are very attractive in appearance. Pulp with a light aroma, juicy, medium density, white or light cream color. Sweet and sour, very pleasant taste.
Chemical composition:
- sugar - 13.5%;
- titratable acids - 0.83%
- the content of P-active substances on average is 320 mg / 100 g;
- ascorbic acid on average - 18 mg / 100 g.
Apple trees bloom in the second and third decades of May. Crops begin to be harvested from the beginning of September (dates may shift depending on the region). One tree can produce up to 75 kg of apples, and an average of 120 centners is collected per hectare. Apple trees bear fruit annually.
Disadvantages and advantages
Anis Sverdlovsky is an apple tree that can be a pollinator for numerous varieties. Another advantage of the variety is the high consumer and commercial quality of the fruit. Good frost resistance of trees allows them to withstand frosts down to -40 0 . Despite resistance to cold, experts recommend tying trees for the winter. This will help protect the trunks from rodents and extreme temperatures. Even if the apple trees “pick up” with frost, they recover very quickly.
The main disadvantage of apple trees is their poor resistance to scab. The variety has no natural immunity to the disease. In rainy summers this can be a problem if you do not take care of the plants. It is necessary to carry out timely pruning of trees to form a crown and to process plantings with fungal diseases.
Using
The apple variety Anis Sverdlovsky gives fruits with a short shelf life. They have not been lying for more than two months, therefore, they are mainly consumed either fresh or put into processing for the production of juices, cider, jams, mousse, jelly, marmalade, and for canning. This variety is quite suitable for cultivation in collective and private gardens.