The presiding judge is elected in each district court. In regions where a sufficient number of people live, a large amount of work is noted.
That is why several employees can be part of the court at once. In small areas, there is only one presiding judge (one-piece courts). Such options make up about a third of the total. Let us consider in more detail issues related to this topic.
Main functions
In general terms, they are noted in Article 35 of the Federal Law on Courts in the Russian Federation. The presiding judge exercises the powers of a judge, as well as the procedural duties established by constitutional federal laws. It performs the following functions:
It is the presiding judge who distributes responsibilities among the vice-presidents, organizes work to improve their professional qualifications. He leads the general management of the functioning of the court apparatus, including the appointment and dismissal of employees.
The decision to reward employees of the apparatus, bringing them to disciplinary action is taken by a commission composed of the presiding judge. He also constantly informs his colleagues about his own activities and performs other powers to organize work.
Critical Powers
The presiding judge and the panel of judges conduct a personal reception of citizens, consider complaints, applications, proposals. To improve the work, the chairman analyzes the judicial practice together with his colleagues and keeps statistics. He submits submissions to government departments. Let's try to give a specific definition. The presiding judge is a judge who presides over a court hearing in the event of a collegial review of a criminal case.
He makes representations to officials and public associations about a violation of domestic law, provides the staff with the necessary legal information.
The activities of the district court
Without proper organization, it is impossible to fully, quickly, correctly review court cases, perform other tasks that the judicial authority has to deal with.
The principles for the distribution of duties for resolving cases are as follows:
zonal (territorial), in which each judge deals with criminal and civil cases only in the territory assigned to him;
functional (substantive), in which it is supposed to divide by fields of activity: criminal, civil, committed by adolescents;
subject-zone, which involves the consolidation of civil, criminal cases within the microdistrict, territory;
without a zone, in which judges analyze only criminal cases on behalf of the president of the court, and civil suits - only in those cases when they came in as part of the reception of the population.
Features of work
It is based on planning. Certain mechanisms are envisaged for working with personnel, generalizing the practice of judicial review of specific categories of cases, developing ways to improve paperwork, receiving visitors.
The current plans of any judge include determining the sequence, date, venue of hearings on specific cases, monitoring the systematic and timely execution of actions by the staff of the apparatus (both indoors and as part of visiting sessions).
Work with visitors
Reception is held by the chairman and other staff at a certain time, which is suitable for the population. Each judge keeps a strict record of the visitors received. In the office (reception) there are special stands on which are a variety of judicial documents.
A generalization of judicial practice is carried out systematically, the purpose of which is to improve the quality of work of such bodies. Such work involves the selection of the subject of study, the analysis of court cases, the compilation of a program, the elaboration of conclusions, discussion, as well as measures to implement the results obtained, to get rid of the discovered shortcomings. In any district court, statistical responsibility is exercised.
It involves the preparation of documentation of activities in the framework of criminal and civil cases. The general management of such a section of work is carried out by the chairman of the court. Allocate primary accounting, which consists in the design of statistical cards. The judge (or his assistant), who is responsible for the state of the reference work, controls the official changes in the current legislation, makes the necessary amendments to the control copies, communicates the information to other judges, and replenishes the library with the necessary legal literature. Record keeping is an essential element in every district court.
To summarize
The challenge of the presiding judge from September 2018 is possible in several situations. For example, if he previously acted as an expert, witness, secretary, prosecutor, translator in this case. Also, a similar procedure is carried out in cases where the judge is a relative of one of the participants in this process.
The court cannot include persons who are directly or indirectly interested in the outcome of the case, if there are circumstances that cast doubt on impartiality and objectivity.
A significant part of the work that is carried out in the district courts falls on the apparatus, providing organizational and justice itself, and generalization of judicial practice, and analysis of statistics, and systematization of legislation. The main assistants to the district judges are consultants. Such a position was introduced by the Law on the Judicial Department (1988), it is aimed at performing auxiliary work, which involves the possession of certain knowledge.