Probably, few people do not know that touch is a feeling that we feel when a particular part of the body touches the surface. Thanks to this feeling, we can say with closed eyes what we are holding, velvet or cotton, wood or iron. But not everyone knows what types of touch exist, when and how to develop it.
What is feeling
First, let's look at the nature of this feeling. So, touch is nothing but the sensation we receive as a result of contact with one or another object. Receptors that are located on the surface of the skin react and transmit information to the brain. After analyzing all the options, the brain gives us the result, and we understand that it has touched our skin. Of course, in order to produce a result, we need preliminary information about various materials and structures. So, never having tried plasticine to the touch, you will never understand what you took in your hand. But all this concerns only the sense of touch, which is not the only one in a person.
Types of feelings
In addition to touch, a person has a sense of smell, hearing, taste and vision. All of these feelings do not just serve people as auxiliary tools. These are the basic abilities of the body to transmit its sensations. If a person is deprived of one of these sensations, then others usually develop even more to make up for the deficiency. For example, if a person is blind, then his senses of smell and hearing are so developed that he can hear and smell what the sighted person cannot do. And the ability to read books with a touch already speaks for itself. They also talk about the presence of the sixth sense, but here the discussion of specialists continues, and no one can say with accuracy which body is responsible for this unknown sensation. We will talk with you about the five senses known to all of humanity.
Touch
The first thing we will discuss is the organs of touch in humans. How and how does he perceive the necessary information? Of course, the first thing that comes to mind is hands. It is natural for everyone to try to touch the hands of an object in order to understand what it is made of or what property it has. Irritating the skin, the object conveys not only information about the material from which it is made, but also properties such as temperature, density, flexibility, etc. It is believed that this particular sensation appeared earlier than anyone else when a person studied the world by touch.
The development of touch
It should be noted that for each person it is useful to develop a sense of touch. It is better to do this at an early age, when susceptibility is in its initial stage. For this purpose, you need to give your child at least an hour a day to develop this feeling. How to do it better? Use different materials and surfaces so that the baby can understand from his own experience what is the difference between one structure and another. For example, a soft toy has one surface and a wooden sword has another. Touching constantly different things, the child learns by touch to recognize this or that material. The sooner a person gets to know different surfaces, the faster and better he will learn to use his sense of touch. Why do we need this feeling? First of all, to properly respond to a particular property. For example, having felt a high temperature, the brain gives out a danger signal, and we understand that this object should not be touched. Or simply by touching wool or cotton, we choose what we need.
Types of touch
It is incorrect to assume that only hands are capable of transmitting information to the brain center. There are several types of touch when we act in other ways.
- "Active". This is a process when, as already mentioned, we act with our hands, feeling the object and trying to understand all its properties. Of course, not only hands can be helpers in this method. We can touch something with the foot or the head. In any case, this method is considered active.
- "Passive". You probably already understood that if in the first case we ourselves touched something, now now it touches us. That is, our body in this embodiment is without movement, while the subject touches one or another organ, and we get all the information we need and draw a conclusion.
- "Instrumental". This method is called so because we use different objects in order to touch the object we need. This can be a stick, plug, pipe, etc. Blind people often use this method for a walk when the cane choose their own safe path.
As you can see, not everything is so simple with a sense of touch, and you still don’t know much. By the way, the active method includes two types of touches: monomanual and bimanual. Those who know at least a little Latin will immediately understand how they differ. After all, “mono” is translated as “one”, and “bi” (bis) - “two”. Moreover, “manual” - it always means “done with the help of hands”. It is easy to guess that the first word means a process when we feel something with one hand, and the second - with two hands, respectively. In any case, we understand that touch is a feeling associated with the perception of our skin directly or through auxiliary instruments.
Sense of smell
A person is able to receive information not only with the help of the skin, but also with the help of other organs, such as the nose. The sense of smell helps us to distinguish the smell of an object or person. Scientists say that we are able to perceive about a trillion different smells. The nose contains the necessary receptors for this. At the very top of the nasal cavity, we have an olfactory gap with many nerve endings. That is how we get the information we need. The smell, getting into the nose, is perceived by receptors, processed on the basis of previous experience and gives the result. Of course, if the smell is not familiar to us, then we have never encountered it before and we have nothing to take data from. Therefore, the older the person, the more accurately he gets the result. Although this applies only to people who have not reached the threshold of old age. Scientists claim that older people lose their ability to properly analyze odors, and only 15 percent do not lose their ability to correctly recognize odors.
Hearing
There is another very important feeling, apart from smell and touch. This feeling is a rumor. The process of perceiving sound with the help of hearing helps us navigate in space, analyzing a particular situation. The process itself is rather complicated. The sound wave, reaching the eardrum, exerts pressure on it. This creates a kind of vibration that moves into the middle ear. Already there, information is perceived, transmitted to the brain apparatus, and based on all the data, an appropriate conclusion is made. We understand that it makes a sound, how strong it is, at what distance it is made, etc.
Vision
As we have said, a feeling, the absence of which helps to greatly develop touch, is vision. This process is one of the most complex in the body. Many organs and factors are involved here, but the eyes play the main role. Light reflecting off an object conveys information to the eye. The cornea, bending it, transfers data further to the pupil. Further, with the help of a lens, retina and many nerve cells, information enters the brain as an impulse. After that, you understand what you saw. This is a very simplified description of the entire complex process of perception of an object by the organs of vision. The process takes very little time, and, of course, depends on how good a person has vision. The older the person, the worse this feeling works for him. Although there are often cases that already at an early age there are problems with vision.
Taste
We have already talked about feelings such as smell, touch, sight and hearing, but there is one more thing left. This is a taste sensation. The main assistants here are the taste buds that are in our mouths. This feeling helps us understand what taste a particular product has. Receptors are located on the tongue and throughout the digestive tract. But, already feeling the food in the mouth, we can draw the first conclusions: sweet or salty, sour or bitter this product. The number of receptors is different for each person. One may have two thousand, and the other four. It has been proven that the sides of the tongue are more sensitive to taste than in the middle.
So, we highlighted the basic information regarding the organs of perception. Each of the described feelings helps a person correctly perceive the situation around him and react to it one way or another. It is necessary to develop these feelings from birth. The more information a person has for processing, the more useful and correct the conclusion will be.