The concept of time is one of the most mysterious in modern science. Before the Big Bang 13.7 billion years ago, the consequence of which, according to modern scientific theories, was the emergence of the Universe, it was not. But without time, the existence of space and, as a consequence, movement is impossible. As a result of the Big Bang, the universal clock was launched, which provoked the movement of all matter in the Universe.
First observations
In recent years, topics about accelerating the passage of time have begun to appear more and more on forums. However, official statements on this subject were not received from scientific representatives. In particular, the reduction of time in days began to manifest itself on the border between the 20th and 21st centuries.
Some users find information from scientists who have proven that the Earth has something like a "pulse". For a thousand years, it was stable and amounted to about 7.8 cycles per second, but somewhere in 1980 it began to grow. At the moment, this earthly heartbeat reaches 12 beats per second, which in theory can affect the human sensation of accelerating time. What we previously perceived as 24 hours is now felt at just 16 hours.
Possible evidence
The well-known Moscow clergyman and publicist Alexander Shumsky mentioned that even in children the sense of time has changed. If in previous years it seemed to the little ones that its course was extremely slow, now they say that time is accelerating. According to the priest, the reason for this can be either a real change in his substance, or a simple information overload. After all, do not forget that every year a person processes more and more data, because of which there may appear a feeling of lack of hours in a day.
On Sacred Athos, many prayers are offered at night during the sleep of ordinary people. Over the years, the monks have developed their own prayer rule, according to which a set number of prayers should be said over a certain period of time. And this happens every day, strictly on schedule. Previously, monks could perform this procedure without a problem during the night and leave time until morning service in order to relax a bit. However, now with the same number of prayers being said, they do not have enough night to finish the service.
A similar phenomenon occurred in Jerusalem monks. The icon lamps installed at the tomb of the Lord burn longer than before. If before adding oil to large lamps, it happened at the same time - on the eve of Easter, and during the year it completely burned out, now - for the umpteenth time in recent years - enough oil remains in the lamp on the eve of the holiday.
Inconstancy of time
About the property of inconstancy was said by one great Russian thinker Alexei Fedorovich Losev. In his opinion, time is unstable, heterogeneous, can contract and expand completely conditionally and relatively. Beginning in 1914, its compaction occurred, and it began to flow faster.
In the mid-1930s, Professor Kozyrev put forward a theory on the conversion of time into energy. According to him, due to the fact that the solar system changes the speed of rotation, time also changes. People who do not believe in this theory have been shown one simple but extremely convincing experience. The lever scales were taken, a spinning top was attached to one rocker, and a bowl with weights to the other. To reduce friction, an electric vibrator connected at the base of the balance was connected.
When the spinning top began to spin clockwise, the balance itself was in balance. When the spinning top spun in the other direction, the arrow of the scales changed position and indicated a decrease in the weight of the spinning top. The reason for this, according to the scientist, was the flow of time. In his view, this is not just a duration from one event to another, but something material that gives him the opportunity to participate in all processes of nature.
Scientific experiments
The time change was recorded in the experiment with the clock, which was set by the American physicists Heifel and Keating. For the experiment, we used two coordinated cesium chronometers with a small fraction of error. One was located at the Washington Naval Observatory, and the second on a jet plane. The latter was sent around the world. First, east-west, and then vice versa. In both cases, a clear and clearly distinguishable difference was observed in the readings of the clock located on the spot and the clock located on board the aircraft. It completely coincided with the theoretical conclusions.
According to scientists, when the spacecraft launches into space at a speed equal to 99.99% of the speed of light, the ship will return to the planet in 14 years. On Earth, during this period, one millennium will pass. This is due to the fact that with an increase in the speed of an object, a slowdown in the flow of time occurs.
On July 17, 1962, the famous caver Michel Seaford went down alone and alone to the Scarason Cave. He left her two months later and was sure that it was only on August 20 on the calendar. However, he lived in it until September 14. Thus, underground time for the experimenter slowed down by 25 days.
Hypotheses
An interesting explanation for this was given by physicist Albert Victor Weinik. He hypothesized that time as a physical phenomenon may have a material carrier. This is a kind of substance, which was called the "chronic field". According to him, the Earth is aging, and the intensity of processes on it slows down, which is why the real flow of time began to accelerate. However, there may also be zones on the planet where this process is slower, for example, on Sakhalin. So, plants that tried to transplant from an island to another place degenerated.
In 1990, Kozyrev’s “time mirrors” carried out experiments on hypersensitive perception. According to the scientist, inside the mirror room the density of the temporary flow could change. Indeed, the subjects inside the chamber made of twisted metal mirrors felt something like "getting out of their body." Staying in the cell for several hours, they felt as if they were participants in past events or saw the future.
Research continued at the end of the same decade after the expedition of physician Ernst Muldashev to Tibet. Here, researchers met huge structures made of stone, having a complex shape, similar to concave mirrors. According to the scientist, the ancient inhabitants understood the properties of these objects.
Increase the speed of time acceleration
Although many people are missing 24 hours a day, there wasn’t even that time during the time of the dinosaurs. At the beginning of the planet’s origin, the Earth’s rotation was much faster. So, during the formation of the moon, one Earth day lasted only two to three hours, and the satellite itself, which was much closer to Earth, could fly around the planet in five hours. However, over time, the gravity of the moon began to slow down the rotation of the Earth, which is due to the appearance of tidal waves, and not only in water, but also in the earth's crust and mantle, which affects the speed of time acceleration.
In this case, there was an increase in the orbital moment of the Moon, due to which our satellite was increasingly moving away from the planet. And the larger this distance became, the more the speed fell. So the acceleration of time depends on gravity. The process continues now: over a century, the day increases by 1/500 second. Moreover, in the midst of the dinosaur era, that is, 100 million years ago, the day was about 23 hours.
Ancient calendars
The development of calendars in various ancient civilizations was carried out not for practical needs, but in connection with the religious and mythological views of those centuries, and it was obviously impossible to fix the state of acceleration of time. For this reason, the calendar systems of the past had temporary units that exceeded the life expectancy of man and civilization itself. So, in the Mayan calendar there is a unit of time called baktun, which is 409 years old, and an era of 13 baktuns, which equals 5125 years.
However, even larger values appear among the ancient Indians. In the sacred texts of this people, there is Maha Manvatara, lasting 311.04 trillion years. Despite the fact that the present age of the universe according to modern calculations is about 13.8 billion years. Because of this, it is impossible to determine the acceleration at a given time.
Time Zones
The creation of unified time systems occurred in the industrial era. Earlier, in agrarian times, the calculation took place according to the observed astronomical phenomena. However, traces of these remnants of the past are observed to this day on Mount Athos. Midnight here comes at the time of sunset, and each time the clock is set in accordance with this moment. Given that some monasteries are higher in the mountains than others, midnight does not come at them at one time.
Gravity action
The force of gravity can also affect the sensation and acceleration of the passage of time. So, at the depth of the mine, where the force of attraction is stronger, time passes more slowly than on the surface of the Earth. For the top of Mount Everest, on the contrary, it is accelerating. The so-called gravitational slowdown effect was predicted by Einstein in 1907 during the construction of the general theory of relativity. To confirm the theory expressed by the experiment, we had to wait more than half a century until apparatuses were created for fixing ultra-small changes over time. At present, the most accurate atomic clocks can record the effect of gravitational deceleration when changing altitudes by only a dozen centimeters.
The phenomenon of chronostasis
Quite a long time ago the following effect was noted: once a person glances at the watch dial, the second hand seems to freeze in one place, and the next “tick” is longer than all the others. This phenomenon was called "chronostasis" and dates back to the times when our wild ancestors had a vital need for a quick response to any fixed movement. As a result, it is worth looking down at the arrow and recording the movement, the brain does something like a freeze frame, and then quickly returns our sense of time to the initial state. However, it is impossible to say how to find the acceleration time on your own without physical calculations.
It’s a common thing for residents of Russia that the time in our time zones varies, and quite seriously. However, outside the borders of the country, you can find territories where the difference with Greenwich is a whole day plus half an hour. For example, time in India differs by 5.5 hours, which created a peculiar joke: if you are now in London and want to find out the time in Delhi, then just turn the clock. If from the same India go to Nepal, then you need to move the arrows 15 minutes ago. For China, which is also nearby, 3.5 hours ago. In this case, determining acceleration at a point in time is not so important.
The international date line is located in the Pacific Ocean, where there are also many islands whose inhabitants literally live “between dates”, which often provokes funny situations. So, in 1892, merchants from America persuaded the king of the local island kingdom to move "from Asia to America", shifting east of the date line, because of which residents twice survived the same day - July 4. After more than a century, residents decided to return everything back, which is why in December 30, 2011 was canceled.
Features of the perception of time
It is common for modern people to divide the time into the past, present and future, but in the physical sense, the so-called "present" time is a big convention. What is happening in this present? So, a person sees the light of stars, but from each of them a light wave flies a different time: from a couple of light years to millions (Andromeda nebula). The sun is the same for us as eight minutes ago.
But even if we are talking about sensations from nearby objects, such as a light bulb or a warm stove that you can touch with your hand, you should take into account the time that passes from the moment when the light reaches the retina or when information about the sensation is transmitted from the nerve endings to the brain. Everything perceived by man in the present is something like a “hodgepodge” of past phenomena.
Informatization and a sense of time
It is not worthwhile to say that changes in time actually occur and this is a scientific fact, because there is no direct evidence for this. The reason that this phenomenon began to be fixed at the end of the 20th century can be explained by other factors. First of all, it is worth remembering that the transition to the information society has begun, and the number of daily news received has increased. Previously, a person could hear one news a day or, while studying at school, have a strictly defined amount of available knowledge, which is why the information was remembered faster and easier, and also remained in the mind for a long time.
At present, in the morning, he receives a hundred news from around the world reading the morning column in a newspaper. Do not forget about the work and how much information will be received for the whole day. As a result, the brain does not have enough time to remember all really important things and sort out the unnecessary. Because of this, it feels like it is speeding up, and a person cannot keep up with it.
You can refer to the physical laws mentioned earlier. Living on a planet with a huge number of belts, a person is not always able to adapt to his own: after all, in one city it is already dark at 11 pm, and the sky is still light in another, however, residents in both cities should already go to bed. This leads to a violation of biological rhythms, which further affects the perception of the real course of things. It is also worth remembering that there is a connecting formula for acceleration, speed and time.
Also, the sun is gradually "absorbing" the planet. So, every year the Earth gradually changes its orbit and approaches the luminary. The closer this distance decreases, the slower the Earth rotates around the Sun. This happens due to the strong gravitational field of the latter, which can slow down the movement of our planet. The more the rotation speed slows down, the more noticeable is the acceleration of time. The days will be the same 24 hours, since the small path of the orbit will be compensated by reducing the rotation speed in this orbit, however, it will not be the same hours that a person felt before.
It is impossible to notice the process by standard methods for humans, because it goes beyond the boundaries of the senses, as well as determine the acceleration of time on Earth. However, our biological clock may well perceive this. The speed of the planet has never been a constant value and regularly decreased. Each next year it feels like it will be faster than the previous one. If the planet’s speed does not further decrease and becomes a stationary value, then the Earth will acquire a certain orbit, and the acceleration will stop. Time will begin to flow as usual. The uniformity of the course itself will depend on the constancy of the magnitude of the speed and acceleration at the initial moment of time. From this dependence, it can be determined that time can not only become faster, but also slow down if the planet starts to rotate at a different speed.
From all the scientific facts mentioned above about the acceleration of time, we can conclude that this process on Earth is really noticeable for some people. However, this does not mean that there will suddenly be less hours in a day. For a person, only his sense of the passage of time will change.