The state is nothing more than a holistic system that functions on the basis of human activity. In other words, each individual power must be considered comprehensively in order to understand its functionality and, most importantly, the purpose of existence. Moreover, without exception, people are small elements of this bulky structure. Their activities are regulated by law, which is the norm in the modern world. However, the presence of official rules of conduct alone does not always successfully affect human work. The bottom line is that law was invented to coordinate society in order to fulfill certain functions. Today, this dogma is known to almost everyone and everyone, but this fact does not prevent some individuals from violating the established order of things. Therefore, the state, if we consider it as a holistic mechanism, exercises control in various sectors of the modern life of society. For better or worse, the answer is rather difficult. But in any case, the attitude to this state of affairs does not exclude the existence of special control bodies. In the Russian Federation, such departments today function effectively and carry out all the tasks assigned to them. But here the question arises: "What are the general state regulatory and supervisory bodies in our country?"
What is surveillance?
The system of public authorities is divided into three branches. Elements of such a structure are departments of the legislative, judicial and executive type of management. The bodies of the latter type are the implementers of state policy and, most importantly, the functions of the state. In other words, through the executive branch, Russia advances and secures its interests. Along with this, these bodies exercise supervision in the entrusted sectors. Supervision in this case is a form of official activity, which is aimed at ensuring the rule of law in certain areas. Quite often, the presented type of work is identified with control, although these concepts characterize completely different types of activity. Nevertheless, the regulatory authorities of the Russian Federation, the list of which will be presented below, are often confused with supervisory authorities, which is a theoretical problem.
Concept of control
The presence of supervisory authorities in modern Russia does not make it possible to fully equalize the terms “supervision” and “control”. In both cases, activities of a different nature are carried out aimed at achieving certain goals. Control, in turn, is part of the overall management system. It is carried out by observation to optimize the activity of a particular object. In contrast to supervision, control is not a form of law enforcement. It exists to enhance the effectiveness of certain structures.
How do both types of activities relate to each other?
The control and supervisory authorities of the Russian Federation, the list of which will be presented later, in the process of their activities, carry out various tasks. On the one hand, their work is aimed at ensuring the legitimacy of the activities of certain entities, on the other hand, they control these entities to increase the efficiency of their existence and perform certain functions. But here it is necessary to draw an important line. Supervision is an activity in relation to other entities that are not part of the structure of a certain body. In turn, only internal departments of certain departments can be controlled. This fact is the key point that characterizes the relationship between the two types of activities presented.
Control and supervisory bodies of state power
Today in Russia there is a whole system of organs of the type presented in the article. Their activities are carried out in strict legislative frameworks, which are established by the Constitution and other normative acts of our state. The key principles on which the activities of the regulatory authorities are based are:
- legality;
- publicity and professionalism;
- justice;
- independence and independence.
The principle of social orientation is also quite significant. Its presence suggests that the supervisory authorities of the Russian Federation, the list of which is presented in the article, carry out their activities for society and taking into account its immediate interests. The effectiveness of the tasks presented by the departments is due to the presence of special legislation. That is, the work of supervisory bodies is carried out both on the basis of general legal and special legal norms. This also indicates the unique authority of the departments represented in the article.
Supervisory authorities of the Russian Federation: rights, authorities
The activities of the departments mentioned in the article are built on the “three pillars”, namely: timely response, priority of corrective intervention and unimpeded performance of tasks. These moments can be characterized as special principles of the activity of control and supervisory authorities. But the implementation of these provisions is possible only in special conditions that provide special authority. The legal status of control and oversight bodies is enshrined in the acts of industry legislation, that is, the provisions and laws that directly regulate the activities of a particular structure. Among the general powers are:
- development and implementation of policies in a specific area;
- control and supervision within the competence;
- adoption of appropriate administrative measures of influence in relation to entities violating the regime established by law;
- reporting on the work done to higher bodies.
Of course, the credentials presented are not exhaustive. They only show the breadth of activity of the control and supervisory authorities of Russia. Other features of the legal status of each individual agency are enshrined in industry legislation.
The list of regulatory authorities
The vital activity of the state depends on the effectiveness of work in a particular industry. Therefore, the list of regulatory authorities is quite large, because the country coordinates most of the areas of work known to date. The main industries in which state control is implemented are:
- health care, culture, education;
- public administration;
- social protection, industry, economics and trade;
- communication, information.
Moreover, most bodies today are expanding their competence and structure, which is due to the emergence of new, previously non-existent social relations in various spheres of human activity. Thus, in the article we will consider the most important control and supervisory bodies of the Russian Federation. The list of these departments includes the following structures:
- Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation.
- Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications.
- Federal Tax Service of the Russian Federation.
- Accounts Chamber of Russia.
- The Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation.
- Law enforcement agencies of the state.
As mentioned earlier, the presented list of control and oversight bodies is not exhaustive. The departments mentioned above coordinate in the most priority sectors of activity of the state and the population of Russia.
Energy and Communication
The control and supervisory authorities of the Russian Federation, the list of which is presented in the article, contain special departments in their structure that implement coordination of activities in the field of energy and communications. In the first case, we are talking about the Ministry of Energy of Russia. This body carries out a survey of the efficient use of resources in the Russian Federation. That is, it controls the departments and their annual level of energy consumption.
In turn, the Ministry of Communications is entrusted with the authority to oversee compliance with requirements and regulatory rules that comply with the state standard. This work is carried out by coordinating the turnover of certified works, services, etc.
Finance and Economics
In the financial sector of our state, the main activities are carried out by the Ministry of Finance, Economic Development, the Federal Tax Service, as well as the Accounts Chamber. Each represented body implements a package of its own authority over a specific line of work.
For example, the Federal Tax Service monitors compliance with tax laws, as well as the process of timely deductions to the state budget. The Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Economic Development carry out control and supervision activities in the sector of foreign exchange operations, the use of budgetary funds, auditing, pricing, activities of the entire economic sector, etc. The Accounts Chamber has similar functions to the FSN.
The activities of law enforcement agencies
In the sphere of ensuring the rule of law and security of the state and its population, special control and oversight bodies of the Russian Federation also operate. The full list of such departments is small and includes the Ministry of the Interior, the Federal Security Service and the Prosecutor's Office.
The functionality of these organs is the broadest. The entire array of their powers is extended to all citizens of the Russian Federation, as well as enterprises and organizations, regardless of ownership or structure. In addition, the supervision of the represented departments in some cases takes the form of investigations cited on the fact of the most serious violations of the current legislation.
Conclusion
So, the supervisory authorities of the Russian Federation, the list of which is presented in this article, perform important functions, the implementation of which is carried out for the benefit of our state and its population.