Today, one of the most popular types of equipment for heating a private house is a solid fuel boiler. There are many varieties of such units. In order not to get lost in this variety, before buying, you need to consider the main differences and ratings of boilers. This will allow you to choose the equipment in accordance with your needs. The best solid fuel boilers and their characteristics will be discussed in detail below.
Boiler device
What solid fuel boilers are best for home? The answer to this question can be obtained by knowing the features of such equipment. To do this, you need to disassemble the classic boiler device. It consists of a loading chamber (furnace), an ash bin and an ash pan, designed to collect burnt fuel. Also, the structure of the design includes a water jacket, grates, nozzles (inlet and outlet), a damper and a chimney.
Some structures may also include a fan (to enhance traction), as well as an automatic control unit. The last of these nodes is designed to control the operation of the heating circulation system. The control unit also controls the amount of air that is supplied to the boiler during the combustion process. This is necessary to set the required temperature.
It is worth noting that the best solid fuel boilers for heating a house during operation are distinguished by a cold chimney. This is the highest quality equipment. It works most efficiently. With minimal heat loss and a small excess of air, a high-class boiler is able to work with the highest efficiency indicators. For this, there is a regulator in the chimney. It mixes the required amount of cold air into the smoke passage. This allows you to save the greatest amount of heat inside the furnace, energy is spent rationally.
When the firewood lights up, a special chain regulator, which can be installed in different types of boilers, closes the window for supplying oxygen to the furnace. If necessary, the controller will open it. A new portion of oxygen will enter the combustion chamber of the fuel. Some models have manual traction control. This allows you to select the correct conditions for the operation of the unit in the required temperature regime.
The equipment shown may be made of steel, cast iron, or a mixture thereof. Steel boilers are the most efficient. However, they are less durable than cast iron products. Therefore, it is these varieties of boilers that are considered to be of higher quality. In some models, the walls of the combustion chamber are made of steel, and the grates and some other structural elements are cast iron.
How to choose a boiler?
Considering the advice of specialists, which solid fuel boiler is better to choose for a private house, the following is worth noting. The equipment presented is almost always installed inside the house. For him, you need to choose the right place. When installing, you must follow the safety rules. The room must comply with all the requirements of the manufacturer's instructions.
To install the boiler correctly, you need to consider what fuel load will be acceptable in this case. It can be top or side. When you open the door to load fuel, smoke may enter the room. This is especially true for boilers with a top tab. Therefore, such equipment is acquired much less frequently than boilers with doors on the side wall.
Also, choosing which solid fuel boiler is better, you need to pay attention to the technical characteristics of the unit. It can be designed to heat rooms of a certain area. It is believed that to heat a house with dimensions of 10 m², a boiler is required that can generate at least 1 kW of heat per hour. This statement is true if the distance to the ceilings does not exceed 3 m, and the number of windows and their size comply with building standards. It is also worth considering that the house must be properly insulated. Only in this case, such equipment will cope with its responsibilities.
To choose the right equipment power, you need to carry out a simple calculation. The total area of the house must be divided by 10. Thus, a house with dimensions of 240 m² requires the installation of a boiler with a minimum power of 24 kW. This rule requires clarification. The calculated indicator has no power reserve. When the temperature outside the window drops significantly to warm the house, you will need to constantly throw firewood into the furnace. This is an unpleasant activity if you need to sleep at night.
In order not to encounter such problems, a boiler with a power reserve should be installed. This may be equipment, for example, 30 kW or even more. The heating must be regulated. To do this, it is recommended to install an automatic type regulator on the boiler.
According to reviews, a good solid fuel boiler for the home can be selected with a small margin of power. But at the same time, it is recommended to install a storage tank with a special shell between it and the heating system. It will accumulate hot water in itself, which, due to the heat-insulating layer, will not cool for a long time. If necessary, the system will consume hot water from this tank, making boiler maintenance easier.
Popular varieties
Considering the best solid fuel boilers for a private house, we can note several of the most popular groups of similar equipment. They can be made of different materials. Cast iron boilers are designed to work on coal, wood, coke. This is the most common type of heating equipment. Steel varieties are intended for burning firewood inside them. The scope of their application is limited.
According to reviews, cast-iron boilers have a certain drawback. If you heat them with wood, you will need to load them into the combustion chamber every 3-4 hours. They burn out pretty quickly. Therefore, cast-iron boilers are more suitable for coal. In this case, they demonstrate good non-volatility and convenient operation cycles.
One of the best solid fuel boilers for heating a private house is a pyrolysis unit. It is intended for the combustion of hardwood. Such boilers are distinguished by a special design. They have 2 combustion chambers. In the first of these, fuel is burned under conditions of artificial oxygen deficiency. This is necessary to create a pyrolysis process. At this point, synthesis gas is generated in the unit, it burns out in the second chamber.
Such a device of the boiler can significantly increase the burning time of the fuel. The equipment does not require reloading for a long time. The wood in the pyrolysis boiler burns out within 7-9 hours. At the same time, the efficiency level of the unit is at least 90%. For solid fuel boilers, this is a good indicator.
Another popular type of heating system is a pellet boiler. It is designed to burn granular or pressed wood. This type of fuel is called pellets. Using the auger from the additional boiler hopper, fuel is automatically fed into the furnace. Ignition also occurs without user intervention.
Pellet boilers are very convenient, they do not require manual loading and ignition, the boiler works automatically. It is only necessary to periodically pour enough fuel into the additional hopper. As long as it is, the boiler works stably. Fuel is usually loaded into the hopper once a season, however, other types of fuel cannot be burned in this unit.
Solid fuel boilers for long burning can work on wood and sawdust. Also on sale are designs that are designed to work on coal, a mixture of peat with coal and other similar products. After filling the fuel into the boiler, it burns out for at least 12 hours. The maximum duration of the equipment on one tab is 2 days.
This feature is provided by the design of the combustion chamber. The combustion process in it moves from top to bottom, the fuel inside smolders slowly. This kind of equipment has practically no drawbacks. At one time, up to 50 kg of fuel can be loaded into the combustion chamber.
Rating models
What solid fuel boilers are best for a private home? There is a rating based on expert and customer reviews. The best models were identified for each group of boilers.
The first place among the models on wood was taken by the Buderus Logano D221 20 unit worth 80 thousand rubles. The second place in the ranking is occupied by the Stropuva S10 model. It can be purchased at a price of 90 thousand rubles. The third place in this group is occupied by the Viadrus Hercules U22D-4 boiler, costing 55 thousand rubles.
If the owners plan to heat the house with coal, it is worth considering the following models. The first place in this group is occupied by the Protherm Beaver 50 unit. Its price is 70 thousand rubles. The second place belongs to the Dakon DOR F 16 model (price 65.5 thousand rubles). The third place is occupied by the Danko 20 TN boiler. Its cost does not exceed 45 thousand rubles.
It should be noted separately the best solid fuel boilers for the home on pellets. The first place in this rating is occupied by the Zota Pellet model worth 196 thousand rubles. The second place is occupied by the Biomaster BM boiler, its price is 175 thousand rubles. Third place belongs to domestic products. This is the Teplodar Cooper OK model, its price is only 25.5 thousand rubles.
Among the pyrolysis type boilers, several models also stand out. In the first place is the Bourgeois K TA boiler, costing 62 thousand rubles. In second place is the Viessmann Vitoligno 100 model, its cost is 247 thousand rubles. The third place belongs to the PK-30 Geyser boiler (price 70 thousand rubles).
Also, users identified among the boilers of long burning the top three models. Places in this group were distributed as follows:
- Stropuva S40 (120 thousand rubles).
- Candle S-18kW (88 thousand rubles).
- Buderus Logano G221 40 (105 thousand rubles).
Boilers Zota Master 18 (28.5 thousand rubles) and Siberia KVO (16 thousand rubles) are best suited for summer cottages. Among the inexpensive, but good models, users called Sibir-Gefest (22 thousand rubles) and Don KS-T 16 (20.8 thousand rubles).
The best models on wood
The best solid fuel boilers designed for firewood are able to heat the house quickly and efficiently. The most popular models in this group are Buderus Logano, Stropuva S10 and Viadrus Hercules U22D-4.
Buderus Logano allows loading logs up to 68 cm long into the firebox. This is made possible thanks to the large volume of the combustion chamber. The model is marked by high energy efficiency indicators. The installation of the boiler does not cause difficulties; this model is also serviced quite simply. Almost every user can handle this boiler. Consumers note a beautiful design among the positive qualities of this model. The disadvantage of the model is its considerable weight, therefore high demands are made on the quality of the floor.
The Stropuva S10 is also designed for firewood. This boiler is characterized by high efficiency. It is easy to install and operate. Service can be performed by each user independently. This boiler is non-volatile and quite compact, its design is also quite interesting. Among the shortcomings, buyers call the high cost of this model.
Another non-volatile model of wood-fired boilers is Viadrus Hercules U22D-4. The fuel consumption of this boiler is only 6.8 kg / h. It does not make noise at work. Among the advantages of the model, experts call the high quality of the heat exchanger. The disadvantage of the model is the fact that it works only on wood.
Coal boiler reviews
Still allow you to determine which solid fuel boiler is better, reviews of real customers. The first place in this group was taken by the Protherm Beaver 50 model. This boiler is easy to install in your own home, it does not cause difficulties during operation. The air regulator is located at the top, which makes it easy to adjust the temperature in the room. The boiler is designed so that it determines a low level of heat loss. The unit is characterized by high power, which allows you to heat a large house. The disadvantage of the model is the fact that when using firewood as fuel, the boiler power decreases sharply.
The Dakon DOR F 16 model is also noted for high quality. Its main positive characteristic is the presence of a system from overheating of equipment. Most buyers note an interesting boiler design. The kit includes a lever with which you can shake the coal, which increases ease of use. This boiler is economical, it consumes the minimum amount of fuel. The disadvantage is the fact that the presented model works inefficiently if any other fuel is used except coal.
According to reviews, the best solid fuel boilers have a high cost. Therefore, many buyers are looking for quality equipment at an affordable price. As such, users call the boiler "Danko 20 TN". It is easy to maintain, known for its cost-effectiveness, interesting design and reasonable price. The disadvantage of this boiler, according to reviews, is the relatively low level of efficiency when compared with competitors.
Pellet models
When choosing which solid fuel boiler is best for heating in a private house, a group of pellet units should be noted. The first place in the ranking of such models is Zota Pellet. The only disadvantage of this equipment is its high cost. However, this does not reduce the demand for such equipment.
Pellets are cheaper than other fuels. Therefore, the operation of such a boiler will be beneficial in all respects. Zota Pellet has an LCD display in its design. With it, the user can control five pumps. This allows the boiler to be used both for heating radiators and for the underfloor heating system. The boiler is energy efficient, its operation is automatic.
The thermal insulation of Zota Pellet is of high quality. The unit has the function of auto ignition, automatic control of work. This is a multifunctional, efficient device. The disadvantage of this model is its high cost.
Choosing the best solid fuel boilers for heating on pellets, it is worth paying attention to the Biomaster BM model. It is easy to care for and economical at work. Also, the use of this unit does not cause any problems. The efficiency of the device is high. The disadvantage is the rather large weight of the boiler.
Also quite often, buyers acquire the Teplodar Cooper OK model. It has a high level of efficiency, good thermal insulation. The boiler is quite compact. Moreover, it can be used for burning various fuels. The cost of the boiler is acceptable. The disadvantage of Teplodar Cooper OK is the high installation requirements.
Pyrolysis Boilers
Which solid fuel boiler is better? The choice of this technique depends on many factors. So, among the pyrolysis boilers, several interesting models stand out. Often, customers purchase Bourgeois K TA. This pyrolysis boiler is characterized by high energy efficiency and operational reliability. This unit is designed for different types of fuel. He has an automatic thermostat in his design. The equipment is non-volatile. The disadvantage of this model is its rather heavy weight.
Another popular boiler model is the Viessmann Vitoligno 100. The efficiency of this unit is high. According to this indicator, the boiler surpasses many other similar models. Burning lasts long enough. The equipment is energy efficient. The boiler is equipped with high-quality thermal insulation. Moreover, the power of this model is high. The presented model is demanding on fuel. It is heated only with dry wood. Moreover, the texture should be soft.
Also proved to be a high quality boiler "Geyser PK-30". It is unpretentious in operation. At the same time, the operation of the boiler is quite economical. It is just controlled. Difficulties in servicing the unit also do not arise. The design of the boiler is liked by many users, and the disadvantage of the model is its high weight.
Among the listed models of the best solid fuel boilers for home heating, everyone will be able to choose the best option for themselves.
Long burning boilers
Choosing the best solid fuel boiler, you should pay attention to such a group as long-burning boilers. These are the most simple units to operate. The best in this group is recognized by users of the boiler Stropuva S40. It has a high level of efficiency. The boiler has high power and stability. It belongs to the category of energy-efficient equipment. The design of the model is also quite original. The disadvantage of this boiler is its high price.
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Having considered the rating of the best solid fuel boilers, each owner of a private house, cottage or cottage will be able to choose the best option for equipment that will be most effective in specific conditions.