Retirement is the logical conclusion of a person's working ability. Having worked all his life for the state, a person has the right to support from the government. According to current laws, during the registration of a pensioner status, the general length of service is taken into account. With its help, the type of pension that the applicant can apply for will be determined. But what components are included in the experience? And what is it all about? About this and not only will be able to learn further.
Definition
Total work experience - what is it? And for what purpose is it necessary?
The indicated term describes all periods that will be taken into account as workers during a person’s retirement. Taking into account the latest legislative changes, the total length of service is called the length of service.
But what does it include? And how to calculate the corresponding component? As practice shows , this is not so difficult to do. Especially if you know how to act.
Labor periods in the Russian Federation
The total length of service for calculating a pension is extremely important. Without it, a person cannot receive pensioner status. More precisely, disability will occur 5 years later than the rest. And payments to the old man will be minimal. They are called social.
The main component of the studied concept is the length of service. The time when a person worked officially. During these periods, the employer will make regular contributions to the FIU. Of these, a citizen's pension will be formed in the future.
Informal work is not taken into account in any way. Therefore, you should not rely on him. If people work informally, the government believes that he is unemployed. And this period is not included in the total length of service. This is possible in exceptional cases.
Insurance Intervals
We are talking about situations when there is an insurance experience. It can be defined as the time intervals in which a person was paid money to the Pension Fund, but in fact the citizen was without official work.
For example, the insurance period includes the time spent on the register at the labor exchange. As long as a person receives the appropriate payments as unemployed, he will approach pension. But that is not all. Next, we will consider the main periods of time that concern the population, as well as how they affect the overall work experience.
Army
Let's start with the army. At the moment, men from 18 to 27 years old are subject to compulsory draft in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in Russia. It will take 1 year to be a soldier.
Is military service part of the total seniority or not? Yes. It also includes all periods equivalent to being in the Armed Forces of the country as a “conscript”.
The described period is included in the insurance component due to the fact that a young man who was taken into the army by conscription cannot officially work. “Losing” a year due to civic duty is not right. Therefore, military service will affect seniority for retirement.
Children's affairs
What is included in the general work experience? It's no secret that almost every family in Russia has children. And the kids have to take care of some time.
Pregnancy will not affect the studied component if the girl does not have an official place of work. The exception is cases when a woman continues to work. Then the entire period of work in the company "counts". The decree is also included in the length of service. It is taken into account both among working parents and among the unemployed.
The total time that is set off for each child is 1.5 years. Caring for a newborn until this time allows a person not to worry about retirement points and future retirement. In total, a parent cannot have more than 4.5 years of childcare.
If the family decided to look after the kids longer, then this will not affect the insurance type experience. Caring for children after 1.5 years does not count.
Disability
What is included in the general work experience? It is hard to believe, but this includes all periods of human disability that are paid. That is, while social payments for a sick citizen came to the FIU.
As a rule, it means an ordinary sick leave at work. It is paid by the employer. And therefore, the seniority does not stop.
Diseases without sick leave in the studied issue are not taken into account under any circumstances. That is, the unemployed or working informally may not count on a quick approach to retirement.
Entrepreneurship
Calculation of seniority gives ordinary citizens a lot of trouble. Therefore, it is problematic to find out how much is not enough before retirement (without taking into account the person’s age).
Entrepreneurship is also work. But, unlike official work, he does not enter into the entrepreneur’s work book. What happens in this case?
IP activities are insurance experience. After the person completes the activity, they will be given a certificate of the established form in the FIU. It will indicate the period of stay as an entrepreneur.
A similar decision is connected with the fact that entrepreneurs, as well as employers, make contributions to the Pension Fund. IP also has the right to hire workers. Then the workers, under the guidance of the employer, will have insurance experience. And labor too.
In fact, entrepreneurship in any form is work, but "for yourself." The taxation regime does not play a role. A person can work both on OCH and on a patent. The main thing is to register as an IP in the Federal Tax Service.
Caring for the elderly
What is included in the general work experience? Sometimes people agree to care for the older generation. Often, such a decision is accompanied by the actual disability of the "nurse." Working in conditions of constant care for the elderly is problematic.
Accordingly, this time will be lost. A citizen does not receive official income, no deductions are made for him. Experience is not increasing. Neither insurance nor labor.
But there is an exception. Calculation of seniority of the labor and insurance type begins when a citizen has officially issued care for the elderly. The rule applies to persons with disabilities and persons after 80 years.
Such circumstances do not allow the "caregiver" to work officially. But looking after the old man put compensation. It is 1,200 rubles. The government will make caregiver payments to the Pension Fund.
Other circumstances
We will talk about confirmation of our general work experience later. First, consider the full list of periods that are considered when retiring.
In addition to the listed components, you may encounter the following situations:
- participation in paid public works;
- moving to another area from the employment service;
- problems with employment during stay in the status of the spouse of a contractual serviceman;
- living abroad due to the fact that the spouse conducts consular or diplomatic activities abroad on behalf of the Russian Federation.
All these circumstances are taken into account in the insurance record. But there are some features that everyone will have to remember.
If we are talking about military spouses, then the general period of "problems with work", which is taken into account in the general experience for retirement, cannot be more than 5 years. The same amount of work is not allowed in the last described option.
Behind Bars By Mistake
Separately, the period of detention should be highlighted. In general, this time does not affect the "labor history" of a person. Due to the conclusion it is impossible to become one step closer to retirement.
The exception is situations when a citizen was "imprisoned" by mistake. Then the entire period of serving the sentence will be taken into account when reaching retirement age. This is an extremely rare but existing phenomenon.
Training and work
Is study part of the overall work experience? This question worries many students. Especially those who study full-time. Combining such training with work is problematic. Sometimes it’s impossible.
Until 2012, the “point” was taken into account in seniority. But now the situation in Russia has changed. The thing is that during the period of study at a university a citizen does not make any social contributions. Neither the university nor the municipality do this either. Accordingly, study is not considered work. This is an independent unit.
Does the institute enter the general working experience? No, if it is a training period in any form after 01/01/2012. There are no exceptions and cannot be. Such rules apply in Russia today.
Foreign affairs
Today, residents of the Russian Federation have the opportunity to go to work abroad. This decision raises a lot of questions in terms of the formation of a future pension.
The thing is that, ideally, official work time is not included in the total length of service. This only happens when:
- the corresponding clause is spelled out in the contract;
- the employer makes contributions to the FIU of the Russian Federation.
Accordingly, it is impossible to say exactly when employment outside of Russia will be taken into account when receiving pensioner status.
What do not include
There is a certain list of circumstances that are not considered as either labor or insurance periods. Everyone should know about them.
These include:
- study in any form;
- living under occupation or in concentration camps during the Second World War;
- stay in besieged Leningrad;
- caring for parents or HIV patients.
The situations described will not affect retirement. They will not affect the "insurance history" of a citizen.
How to confirm
And how to verify the experience? This is done in different ways. The following options are possible:
- calculation of length of service according to the work book and other references;
- evidence of two or more witnesses.
As a rule, the second option is possible when the applicant has lost documents. For example, after a natural disaster. Ideally, proof of experience takes place using various papers.
Among them are:
- certificates from the FIU about deductions per person;
- extracts on doing business;
- birth certificates of children;
- labor books.
In reality, everything is much simpler than it seems. But the seniority calculator for correct calculations is still useful.
Basic calculation rules
A few words about how to correctly calculate the experience of the labor type. With formal employment, this is fairly easy to do.
It is recommended to follow these principles:
- From the date of dismissal of an employee, subtract the date of employment. Add 1 day to the resulting figure. To calculate the total experience, you will need to add together all the results.
- Year of service = 12 months, and a month consists of 30 days. Moreover, if there are no exact figures regarding the beginning and end of work in the company, then for these components take either the 15th day of the month or the middle of the year - July 1.
Ideally, the user can calculate the experience of any type using special calculators. Work experience is easy to find on the PFR website. There is a corresponding service. Having indicated the data from the available papers, the citizen will quickly cope with the task.
Another way to solve the problem is to contact the Pension Fund with SNILS. Employees of the relevant service will help to cope with the task.