If you want your house, which you are going to build on the acquired plot, to stand for more than a dozen years, not to squint, not to crack or simply not to collapse, you should carefully consider each stage of construction. Particularly carefully you need to approach the issue of laying the foundation, because it is on it that all subsequent
designs.
Choose a base
Depending on which building you plan to erect, as well as the type of soil, the type of foundation is chosen. The types of foundation for a house are classified according to several criteria: the depth of laying, configuration and method of installation. Depending on the type of soil, the foundation may be deep or shallow. According to the configuration, the bases are divided into tape, columnar, pile and plate. By the method of installation, they are monolithic and prefabricated.
We select a design
Based on how your future home will look, you need to choose the appropriate foundation. If the supporting elements are only columns (frame building), then the optimal foundation will be columnar or slab, depending on the soil on which the structure is located. The most suitable types of foundation for a house with a combined type of structural scheme - tape; possible use
pile, if the bearing capacity of the soil leaves much to be desired. Obviously, if we are talking about a building with a frameless (wall) system of loaded elements, then we must also use a strip foundation, placing it directly under the supporting walls.
Choose the depth of the foundation
Factors such as the type of soil, the presence of groundwater and its depth, seismic activity in this area, and, of course, the future building itself, influence how deep your future foundation will be. The types of foundation for a home are determined by the combination of all these factors. If the upper soil layers are not reliable enough, it is necessary to deepen the base so that it abuts against harder rocks. If we are talking about a building with a basement, then used, as a rule, tape recessed foundations. However, if a basement is not provided, and a buried foundation
unprofitable, combined design is used: a tape base mounted on piles with grillage.
Foundation installation
Another detail by which it is possible to classify the types of foundation for a home is the method of its manufacture and installation. The strip foundation, as well as the column foundation, can be prefabricated and monolithic. For prefabricated, the base structure is assembled from prefabricated reinforced concrete blocks of various sizes manufactured at the factory. Since these blocks and pillows have certain sizes, their number and location must be selected according to the parameters of walls and columns. There are also types of foundation under the house, which are poured directly at the construction site. To do this, formwork of appropriate sizes is installed, reinforcement is installed and concrete mortar is poured. Before erecting the walls, it is necessary to wait a sufficient amount of time for the concrete to completely harden and shrink. Different types of foundations for a private house have their pros and cons, so when calculating you need to take into account all the factors that affect the stability and reliability of the building, and also make the structure economically viable.