As one of the important rules when designing a sewage system, there is no unpleasant odor inside the room. For this, special measures are taken to block the reverse air flow from the riser. Siphons that have water locks are mounted on plumbing fixtures. However, this is not always enough. One of the effective means is the installation of a sewer aerator.
The principle of operation of the aerator
Before you begin to deal with the purpose and design features, you should inquire what are the reasons for the occurrence of air into the apartment from the central riser. The main source of this are waste collection points, to be more precise - plumbing fixtures. Air masses move through their outlet pipe. This phenomenon involves pressure in the riser pipe.
To identify the cause, it is recommended to consider an example of the functioning of the toilet in a house or apartment. Quite often, it is he who causes undesirable air exchange. If a volley discharge of liquid in a large volume occurs from the tank, this will result in excessive pressure. As a result of this movement, pressure in the riser will increase. The entire volume of water will be in a vertical pipe, and after it rushes down. There will be an insufficient amount of air, part of which under pressure will go through the pipes. The pressure distribution will turn out to be uneven, gas leakage will result in an uneven pressure distribution under the liquid layer.
In siphons, water locks will not be able to hold back pressure and gas, the last of which will enter the room. This leak must be compensated, for which the pipe should be brought to the roof - lack of air will come from there. But if this technique does not work, then the fence will be carried out from pipes connected to the riser. The outlet pipes of the instruments will be able to compensate for the discharged pressure. Part of the smell from the sewer will penetrate. In order to eliminate this phenomenon, an aerator for sewage is used.
What else you need to know about the features of the aerator
The aforementioned device is installed in order to prevent the ingress of gases during the occurrence of excessive pressure inside the premises. If you install such devices in the calculated points of the pipeline and at the end ends of the risers, then the internal low pressure will be maintained until stabilization. If the discharge occurs, then the aerator will begin its work, a special valve will be used in it, providing air to balance the external and internal pressure.
Thus, the sewer aerator performs two main functions. But for the correct operation of the device, it is important to know how to install and at what point in the line a certain model of the vacuum valve is required . When the internal sewage systems began to be equipped , there was a need for the installation of aerators. For stable operation, it is required to provide air exchange between the line and the medium. This role is played by the riser, which is displayed above the roof. If you follow the standards, then it should be located at a height of at least 500 mm. But the distance to the nearest window structures can be 5 m.
Job protection
The sewer aerator is protected from debris, for this a deflector is installed at its end. In winter, there is a chance of ice formation. This can happen due to the temperature difference, because the air is heated by sewage, the difference in temperature difference causes the formation of condensate. If the temperature is below freezing, the condensate will turn into ice. The sewer aerator will be reduced in diameter, there will be a difference in internal pressure, which will result from a lack of air supply.
Specialist recommendation
In order to eliminate the above problems, the riser is taken out to the attic, while it will not come into contact with the street, but an unpleasant odor will spread throughout the room. The aerator will eliminate this problem, because the gases will be held in the pipe, which will become a protection. In addition, the function of the air valve, which serves to stabilize the pressure, will begin to function.
On the principle of work from a constructive point of view
Why do we need an aerator in the sewer, it was described above. But in order to understand how this device copes with the tasks assigned to it, it is necessary to become more familiar with the principle of work from the point of view of design. When a large volume of water comes down, a vacuum occurs in the system. The aerator at this time lifts the stem with the membrane, it opens the holes located on the side. Through them, the required amount of air enters the sewage system, during which the pressure equalizes.
As soon as the column of water goes inside the riser, the stem of the membrane drops down. The holes on the sides overlap, the air stops flowing in, and the aerator device evens out the pressure and prevents the smell from entering the room. Installation of the aerator on the sewer should be carried out taking into account certain recommendations.
When choosing a device, you should pay attention to the installation method. On sale you can find units designed for vertical and horizontal risers. It is important to ask also about the power of the device, because it is this parameter that will determine the amount of air that can pass through the system at a time. In this case, it is better not to skimp, but to prefer a better model.
Diameters of aerators
110 mm sewer aerator is one of the modifications of such devices. Devices can differ not only in the internal structure, but also externally, in addition, they are combined according to the principle of operation. The most common aerators are 110 and 50 mm.
The first option can be installed on a common sewer that goes into the attic. On the auxiliary riser, the aerator can be installed in the bathroom of an apartment or a private house, while one of the units must be located in the attic. A 50 mm sewage aerator valve should be located near plumbing fixtures. This format is designed to serve one or two pieces of equipment.
The device must be installed if the length of the horizontal pipe is quite impressive. This recommendation applies to the case when the transition of pipes of different diameters. In order to ensure the correct operation of the device, the pipe must be given a horizontal slope.
Specialist advice
Professionals do not recommend exposing the vacuum aerator to the sewer excessive load. This would be true if the appliance needed to be installed on the drain pipe of a dishwasher or washing machine. That is why the unit must be located on top of the sewer riser.
Installation Features
The sewer aerator, the principle of which was described above, must be installed in rooms that will be operated at an air temperature of at least 0 ° C. If the temperature is lower, then the device may fail, icy. It is important to ensure easy ventilation of the room where the device is supposed to be installed.
If the ventilation in the toilet or bathroom is not so intense, then additional installation of the device will be required. It is important to guarantee easy access to the installation site of the aerator. This requirement is due to the need for maintenance or replacement. The aerator should be installed at the highest point, 10 cm higher from the plumbing fixtures, on the left. If there are ladders on the floor, then the minimum valve height will be 35 cm.