There are many types of construction in our time. A frame house is a very economical option, unlike others. Therefore, it is very popular among people, since you can save about 70% of wood. Often, architects give preference to frame projects, since the cost of finished housing remains within the framework of great demand.
Consider the main types of frame houses, the technology of their construction.
Frame construction of houses using Canadian technology
In fact, there are quite a lot of options for frame houses. And the figures are ready to offer some of them. For example, you can consider the technology of building a frame house on stilts "Platform". This development has the name “Canadian”, as it is often used in Canada and Finland, but it is worth remembering that, in fact, in our country it has also gained considerable fame.
The essence of the method
The essence of the technology presented is that the house was built on the floor, as a result of which we can say that the technology is very simple and absolutely any construction company will be able to cope with it without any problems. At any construction base there are the following materials: logs, a heat insulator, finishing material and everything you need to install a frame house.
Of course, there are many options for such buildings, but more famous systems stand out. It is a frame with through racks and platform.
A private developer, as a rule, uses a small number of workers, and therefore a platform system will be more comfortable for him. It represents the floor position of construction. When installing a frame house, the floor is first assembled, which will later be used for the base of the walls. Then they make an overlap that will serve as a floor for the second floor. After the walls are installed, it is necessary to erect a roof and insulate the walls. Also install windows, doors. Interior and exterior decoration is usually done at the very end. For small cottage frame houses, this system fits perfectly.
The SIP sandwich panel plays a significant role in this technology. In construction, the SIP panel demonstrates an integral three-layer structure, which is made of two OSB-3 plates, and a layer of heat insulator is built between these plates.
Advantages of frame houses
Frame construction has a large number of preferences. Small sizes and weights are present in all parts of the frame, so heavy equipment for lifting is not required in construction. In addition, forests will be needed only when facing the facade. It is also not required to make special stairs. And after assembling the floor, you can make a staircase to the second floor. So that it does not wear out ahead of time, its finish is best completed at the end of construction.
For the construction of the frame of a residential or country frame house, it is generally recommended to use a beam with dimensions 100x100 mm and logs 12-14 cm, a cut board with a cross section of 50x100 (150), 25x100 (150) mm and a mortar beam. Dampness of a tree should be no more than 15%.
Frame for the house metal
There is another type of frame houses. This is a metal frame. Despite its popularity, not everyone is in a hurry to use this technology, because they want to first evaluate all the advantages and disadvantages, especially since it was in Russia what type of house-building they began to use recently. Initially, it was used in the construction of industrial facilities and warehouses, and then they began to develop it in the construction of residential buildings. And so this technology began to slowly develop.
The metal frame is not going to be difficult at all. Steel structures are often used , and at the same time, all elements are interconnected thanks to self-tapping screws. After these procedures, it is necessary to sheathe the frame on both sides with sheet materials. Inside, insulation must be laid. This technology is mainly used only for the height of a two-story house.
Frame house building according to German technology
The principle of German technology is the same as in the "platform" method, but there are some differences. Wall panels made in a factory style. Wall decoration, window installation and material for thermal insulation is also performed in the same way, but heavy equipment may be required. You can not worry at all, because the build quality is excellent, but the minus is that the price is quite high.
The most important thing is to ensure that the builders close the roof after raising the walls, because moisture can get into the panel due to precipitation, and this is completely unnecessary. Therefore, you need to worry about everything in advance.
The advantages of German wireframe technology
The main advantage of this technology is the high build quality. But we must admit that the price is also much higher. When erecting the walls of the house from panels manufactured in the factory, you can be completely sure of the accuracy of this technology. In all types of frame houses, all elements of prefabricated structures have unified, standard sizes, which allows you to perform finishing work on such objects with any materials. At the same time, developers do not spend time preparing internal and external surfaces, since all walls, ceilings and floors are even. In addition, there are no curved window and doorways.
Frame construction: questions and circumstances
Many homeowners do not want to use this method of construction. Undoubtedly, this is a quick and profitable method that does not require much time, but there are always disadvantages.
Material manufacturers are convinced that they are safe and have certificates, but people tend to be afraid. They can be understood, because poor insulation is a huge minus. There is an option to use soundproof materials, and this is additional money, but the problems in this case will disappear.
There is also a fear of fire. Like log cottages, panel-frame houses also need protective measures.
And finally, the last claim. There are such customers who believe that such houses are completely unreliable. Although architects are sure that fears are completely in vain. Frame houses can stand for a very long time. About 80 years old. This is quite a long time. In different countries you can see the chic buildings that are built using this technology. Such buildings have been standing for more than 50 years.
Domestic model plans of frame houses: savings opportunities
In Russia, they also use this method. For example, at a factory in Pereyaslavl-Zalessky, frame-wooden single-storey and two-story frame houses are produced. Finishing can be both external and internal. The dimensions of the products allow transportation at different distances in any way. In the Leningrad region also offer a lot of building options. It is also a one-story and two-story houses. Their area is from 67 to 200 square meters. m
How much does a frame house cost? The cost of buildings is different. If you do not take into account the foundation, the price will range from 720 thousand rubles. up to 1.5 million rubles.
It can be concluded that frame construction is considered a very profitable and more economical view for country houses.
Experts believe that a prefabricated frame-type house is the best option. But still, before making any decision, it is very important to consider all the nuances. For example, you need to pay attention to the final cost of the finished house, so that this does not lead to additional financial costs. First of all, it is necessary to ensure that the materials for construction are environmental, and to understand how energy-efficient designs are. You also need to think about the material side of the issue.
The house should be as ready to live as possible so that there are no costs and, most importantly, that there is a lot of space for additional outbuildings, if necessary.
Basic timber houses fachwerk
Another type of frame houses is fachwerk. In this technology, the supporting structure is a rigid frame of vertical posts, wooden beams, diagonal braces and horizontal crossbars. This technology can be called very durable, since only high-quality wood and other materials are used.
Also, in order to preserve wood structures from decay, it is necessary to ensure that the first floor of the house consists of stone. And in order to protect the tree from fires and rainfall, it is advised to cover the structure with natural oils. This is one of the strongest criteria.
Fachwerk is a very popular type of frame houses. Typically, a rigid frame consists of metal racks or wooden. But in connection with fire safety, it is metal that is recommended.
The structure of the fachwerk consists of brickwork, the thickness of which is about 120 mm. This is all a budget option. Then you need boards and a layer of mineral wool. Necessarily need high-quality brick, so that the plaster lay down normally.
The wooden version is a rack of different sizes. For example, 140x130 or 190x175. And bars for internal partitions 40x50. You will also need boards for the roof and for wall cladding. With a large area in the half-timbered houses, reinforcements are required. The division of corner racks in this case will be within 300x300 mm, and row - 300x180 mm. Ceiling supports are also required to be strengthened to a division of 100x80 mm, and a beam-Mauerlat - 270x90 mm.
Such a development has great advantages. Firstly, it is material saving, high-quality and inexpensive wood, so this option is widespread in other countries. Secondly, you can greatly increase the space and create a house with a free layout.
Timber frame technology for housing construction
Another type of inexpensive frame house for permanent residence - Timber frame technology. Such designs are very reliable and last a long time. Checked by time. For a long time in Europe began to apply this style. And a little later in America, during the period of colonization, houses were built using the same technology. But nevertheless, in modern times, ordinary inexpensive frame houses replaced the Timber Frame, and it ceased to be popular for a while. And only from the 70s in America did such a technology revive again.
This method is similar to German fachwerk, but differs only in that it has thick beams. The frame itself is very durable and heavy, which protects against snow and wind. Another plus of this method is that the option of developing tree erosion is excluded, which is very important.
Advantages of Timber Frame
Such a project for the construction of frame houses has a number of advantages. Due to the thick beams made of wood, the buildings look completely wooden. But there is a difference. This material does not shrink, so you can immediately put windows, doors and stairs. It is possible to combine wood with different materials, for example with stone or plaster, since the frame itself does not have a large wall area. In addition, like fachwerk, Timber Frame makes various decisions in the layout of the house.
In any case, each person must decide for himself which option is suitable for him, after having listened to all the expert advice.
We suggest considering several projects.
Option 1
Convenient layout of a two-story frame house allows 4-6 family members to live freely. This is a great option as a permanent residence.
Option 2
Frame house 6x10.5 m. Area 121 m².
On the ground floor there is:
- living room;
- bedroom;
- kitchen;
- a bathroom;
- boiler room.
On the second:
- two bedrooms;
- cabinet;
- s / y;
- wardrobe.
How much does a frame house cost?
Given the wide variety of existing technologies and various building materials, it is impossible to unambiguously indicate the final cost of a frame house. The construction of the building and its price depends on the wishes of the developer and his financial capabilities. In general, the average cost of building a frame house is 1.5-2.5 million rubles.