Ceramic brick can be confidently called the most popular and common building material. The scope of its application is quite wide. It is used when laying the foundations, building load-bearing and interior walls, for interior decoration, facing facades of buildings, as well as for laying stoves, fireplaces, columns, pipes, fencing, etc.
Marking
When choosing a brick, you need to pay attention to its characteristics, especially with regard to strength. It is determined by the ability of the building material to withstand internal stress and resist various kinds of deformations and at the same time remain without damage. It is the ultimate compressive strength of a brick that determines its brand.
Mark it with the letter "M" along with a number denoting the ability of the material to withstand loads based on 1 square. see. Brick brands must comply with GOST. They are determined in this way: several units are taken from a single batch and tested for compression and bending. According to the test results and determine the brand.
In accordance with the established standards, ceramic bricks are produced in seven grades: 75, 100, 125, 150, 200, 250 and 300. It must be said that a certain marking applies to all types of bricks. For example, a hollow front M 100 will have the same strength as a full body.
If the building is constructed from bricks of different brands, then experts advise doing so: lay the foundation of the building with a material with a large margin of safety, for example M 150, then you can use M 125, and finish the wall at the top with M 100 brick.
There is one very important point: the strength of masonry is determined not only by the brands of brick, but the mortar with which they were bonded. The hardening speed and the quality of the masonry itself, that is, the thickness and density of laying the building material, are also very important.
Brick M 75
A solid brick must meet certain standards, one of which requires that the total volume of voids in it should not exceed 13%. If the product does not meet this standard, then it is considered hollow.
The most popular brands of bricks are M 75, M 100 and M 125. In order to satisfy the needs of various construction organizations and the population in this material, manufacturers choose these demanded brands for production at their enterprises. But ordinary ceramic brick M 75 is in special demand all the same.
Its popularity is due to its good technical characteristics, appearance and versatility. In addition, it is economical, which can significantly reduce the cost of construction. In addition, this will not affect the quality of development.
Solid brick of brand 75 can be used for the construction of socles and foundations, bearing and external walls, fences, various partitions, etc. The versatility of its use can be explained by high strength, extreme moisture resistance and high resistance to constant sharp temperature changes.
This type of building material does not require any special skills. In addition, it has excellent adhesion, which allows you to build, you can say, monolithic structures.
Brick M 100
Ceramic brick brand 100, or the so-called one and a half, is used for the construction of external and load-bearing walls. It belongs to the budget and most popular types of red brick. It is not used for facing, as the construction market is saturated with other materials more suitable for this purpose.
The M 100 is practically not affected by adverse weather and other environmental conditions. It is very durable and does not collapse during operation, and also has excellent resistance to various kinds of internal deformations.
It is worth noting that the size determined by GOST for a single ordinary brick M 100 is 250 x 120 x 65. This standard allows you to lay walls of various thicknesses - from 65 mm or more.
Due to the fact that the length of the brick is two widths and four heights, its parameters are considered universal. Builders spread it in rows, while combining them with spoon or poke methods.
Brick M 125
Ceramic brick, brand 125, is used for the construction of load-bearing and internal walls, low buildings, columns, partitions, pillars and other structures. When using M 125, it must be taken into account that the height of the building erected from it should not exceed three floors. Otherwise, the entire structure may collapse. It should also be noted the fact that the M 125 has a fairly low thermal conductivity. Therefore, external walls, laid out only of brick of this brand, will subsequently need additional insulation.
Brick M 150
Solid brick brand 150 - this is perhaps the most durable material. In addition, it has several advantages, which indicates its high quality and good performance. Here are its most significant features: excellent thermal conductivity, high frost resistance, resistance to high loads, long life, increased strength.
Most often, M 150 is used for laying foundations, for the construction of bearing and external walls, as well as for facing building facades. Double bricks are often used for laying bearing and exterior walls. It has excellent properties that allow builders to significantly save cement mortar.
Brand M 200
Hollow M 200 has a relatively low thermal conductivity, so its use is reduced mainly to the laying of walls.
Since the solid brick of brand 200 has good water-repellent ability, it is often used to lay the foundations and socles of buildings. In addition, the corpulent M 200 is used for the construction of stoves and fireplaces. In this case, the thermal conductivity index plays an important role, as it contributes to the rapid heating of the furnace body and good heat transfer inside the building. But I must say that in no case should they lay out the combustion chambers, since with constant contact with fire it will become brittle and subsequently completely collapse.
It should be noted that the brands of bricks produced in different regions will slightly differ from each other in their characteristics. This is due to the fact that different plants have different equipment, and they use raw materials, i.e. clay, which differs in its composition. But one way or another, the demand for raw materials will be the same - this is its homogeneity.
Now you know what brands of brick are.