On the map of Russia there are many interesting places worth visiting. Such trips leave an unforgettable experience and an indelible impression. One of the most popular places for Russian and foreign tourists is the Big Thach Natural Park in Adygea.
History
Translated from the Adyghe language, Thach means "a god who is always young." Touching the divine youth and rejuvenating yourself with soul and body helps a trip to the natural park.
The park was created by presidential decree in 1997. It is part of the Western Caucasus, which is a World Heritage Site.
Massif
Big Thach rises to a height of 2368 m above sea level, the coordinates of the peak 44 ° 5`s. W., 40 ° 22``. e. Locals are sometimes called Thac Sacred Mountain or Lysa.
From the Bolshoi Thach, which marks the border of the Maykop and Mostovsky districts, the Front Range of the Caucasus begins.
According to the terminology of geologists, Thach is a kuest, on one side flat and on the other rocky. On the north side, Thach is covered with grass, the slopes are gentle. But from the west, a 7-kilometer rock wall 250 m high looks intimidating and impregnable. In the south, Bolshoi Thach is cut off by limestone cliffs 100-150 m high.
The giant begins the mountain range, and the Cossack Picket mountains (1184 m), Maly Tkhach (2238 m), Achezhbok (or Devil's Gate, 2486 m), Asbestna (2285 m) continue it, completes the massif of the Bambaki plateau and Mount Dzhuga.
The ridge divides the river basins of Malaya Laba and Belaya. On the slopes of the Thach mountain range, the Sahrai, Slesarnya, Khodz, Afonka, Thach, Shisha and Kuna rivers begin their flow.
Territory
The territory of the national park was determined in connection with the need to preserve water resources: rivers flowing along the slopes of the mountains flow into the Belaya River, one of the main waterways of the Krasnodar Territory.
The park performs the important task of preserving landscape and biological diversity.
The geographic coordinates of the border of the Bolshoi Thach nature park have not been determined. In the north, the border is the Bolshoi Sahrai River, the territory of the park is adjacent to 69, 51 quarters of the Guzeripl Forestry.
In the south, the territory of the Bolshoi Thach park reaches Mount Slesarnya, where the area of the Caucasian Biosphere Reserve begins.
The eastern border resembles the Kuna River and the administrative border of the Mostovsky district of the Krasnodar Territory and the Republic of Adygea, starting from the 70th quarter of the Novoprokhladnoye forestry and ending in the 113th quarter.
The border of the western part of the Thach massif passes through several blocks of the forestry of Novoprokhladnoye.
The area of the park is 3703 ha.
Geology
Where the Big Thach Natural Park is located, the relief has a complex structure. Sheer cliffs give way to deep river valleys, surfaces are dangerous for the careless traveler with karst caves. Height changes dramatically.
Bolshoi Tkhach is formed by sediments of the Triassic period, their thickness is 1000 m. The deposits are carbonate, occur in calcareous rocks of the Nori layer.
Climate
The average temperature in summer is +18 ° , in winter -2 ° . Frosts begin in September. About 780 mm of precipitation falls annually.
Nature
The nature park Bolshoi Thach (Adygea) is a place of unique biosphere diversity, many animals and birds live here, rare plants grow.
Having carefully looked, if you are lucky, you can see a white-headed vulture - a huge bird soars soaring high in the sky. The peregrine falcon, also a local inhabitant, will quickly rush through.
In total, more than 200 species of birds are found in the park, including such rare ones as bearded beetle, Caucasian flycatcher and semi-cervical, black grouse.
Tourists often meet roe deer, wild boars, chamois and deer; mountain bison live in the park. Their population, almost lost by the 20s of the last century, was restored. Now huge handsome men occasionally appear on the mountain slopes, delighting travelers. There are bears.
Most of the territory of the Bolshoi Thach nature park is covered with forests, the slopes of the mountains are subalpine and alpine meadows. Zonality is clearly visible:
- forests of maple, aspen, alder, hornbeam, and oak grow to a mark of 1300 m;
- above beech and fir;
- at an altitude of 2000-25000 meadows;
- then there are stone screes, the vegetation disappears.
The fir forests of the park are a real gem, because the age of many trees reaches 500 years.
80 species of plants are listed in the Red Book, including yew berry.
Popular route
Interesting routes have been laid along the Thach massif for a long time - hiking, cycling and sightseeing. Speleologists make interesting discoveries, probably dreaming of finding the legendary treasure of the Kuban Cossack Council, hidden, according to legend, in one of the caves.
If you are going to explore the Bolshoi Thach nature park, travelers leave for 3-7 days. Duration depends on the roadmap and preparation.
Paths for tourists are marked, dangerous places are fenced. Huntsmen monitor the condition of suspension bridges, fences and railings.
The most popular route starts in Novoprokhladnoye. This trip is marked with moderate severity, the total distance is 60 km. It takes up to 7 days to overcome them, tourists spend the night in tents or shelters.
The thread of the path:
- to the glade Knyazheskaya 8 km;
- 8 km to the Thach glade with a visit to the Kristalnaya cave;
- from the Maly Thak pass through the Bell Tower-rock.
There is another option, which also starts from the Princely Glade and is designed for 7 days:
- Mankin noise waterfall;
- Rock Bell Tower (Windy Shelter);
- radial ascent to Big Thach;
- along the Koryto ridge to Shestakov’s shelter;
- Shelter Yubileiny;
- Descent along the Kuna River.
Climbing is different every day, on average 600-900 m.
Big Thach on the other hand
Another variant of the route, in which the ascent must begin from p. Uzlovoy.
The length of the route from the Uzlovoye is 30 km with a climb of 2,000 m. The path is:
- along the mountain river Hodz;
- Baronovye glades;
- along the path to the Thach pass.
And another opportunity to see the Bolshoi Thach nature park is to start climbing from Nikitino. The path leads along the Kapustin beam, where a little away from the main road is Kapustinsky waterfall. Worth a look at this water holiday.
Through subalpine meadows, the path leads to Mount Shapka, then you will have to overcome the mountains of Chest, Agiga, Acheshboki, and finally Asbestnaya. Climbing will be 2500 m throughout the route, a distance of 37 km.
You can reduce the foot and use a car throw.
How to get there
A popular question for those who are going to conquer the Big Thach nature park: how to get closer to make it convenient? It depends on which side you want to climb the mountain.
Options:
1. From New Cool
When traveling by public transport, you need to get to Maykop. It is from the Maykop bus station that minibuses and buses go to the village of Novoprokhladnoye - this is the starting point of all routes to Bolshoi Thach.
It’s easier with your car: from Maykop you need to take the A-159 highway to the village of Dakhovskaya, then turn left and drive about 16 km through Merkulaevka.
2. From the Nodal
In the village of Uzlovaya, Mostovsky District, you need to go through Labinsk, where the R-217 highway leads. Behind Mostovsky turn left and drive about 40 km.
3. From Psebaya
The road also leads through Mostovskaya, on the road 03K-005 they reach Psebay. It’s more convenient to climb a little more to Nikitino, where a dirt road leads from Psebay.