Perm Territory is rich in its resources. Its nature is unique, diverse and at the same time contrasting. It is the beauty and diversity of nature that attracts tourists to this region, and their flow increases significantly every year.
The wealth of natural resources of the Perm region
There are animals and plants in this region that need protection. In the Urals there are 102 species.
The Red Book of Perm Krai (photos of animals included in it, you will see in the article) contains color drawings and cartographic schemes of the distribution of endangered species. All representatives of flora and fauna are classified according to categories that coincide with the classification of the Red Book of the Russian Federation:
- Group I is reserved for the most unique, on the verge of extinction and extinction, their numbers are reduced to a critical state;
- Group II - its representatives are rapidly decreasing in number, and if measures are not taken to maintain their existence and further reproduction, this will lead to admission to group I;
- Group III - its representatives are vulnerable and quite rare, their specific habitats are defined.
Animals of the Red Book of Perm Krai their classification
Animals in need of edge protection are quite diverse. Their list includes representatives of different classes and species.
- The class of vertebrates (mammals) is the Insectivora family, which means insectivores: Russian desman.
- Birds - families of loons, ciconiiformes, anseriformes, crane-like, charadriiformes, falconiform, owl-like, passerine, chicken-like.
- Reptiles are scaly.
- Amphibians or amphibians are tailless.
- Subclass of cyclostome fish - lampreys.
- The class of bone fish is a family of sturgeon, salmon, cyprinids, herring, and scorpenoids.
- Invertebrate arthropods - Lepidoptera (butterflies), hymenoptera.
- Arachnids are spiders.
- Crustaceans are amphipods.
In total, 46 species of inhabitants of forests and rivers are animals of the Red Book of the Perm Territory.
The brightest representatives of animals from the Red Book of Perm Territory
Birds are the most common representatives in the category of creatures in need of protection. And a particularly bright representative among them can be called a bird from the order of Falconiformes - golden eagle.
The golden eagle is the largest type of eagle in this region, the growth of a large individual reaches more than 90 cm, and its wingspan is about 2.5 m. This feathered predator serves as a forester for its habitat. Due to his preferences in food, namely, addiction to carrion, the territory is cleaned of rot. From the herd, as a rule, he selects the sickest animal, thereby making the population healthier.
The golden eagle belongs to the first category in the "animals" section of the Red Book of the Perm Territory, and to the third category in the Russian Federation. This species is under special control of the International Convention. Special efforts are being made to preserve it.
Whooper Swan
Whooper Swan is another representative from the category of animals of the Red Book of the Perm Territory, which was included in the lists of endangered, due to human activities. It is because of the regular extermination by poachers whooper swan was in the first risk group. In Bashkortostan, this species falls into the first category of risk groups for extinction, and for this reason requires protection.
Whooper Swan is a rather large bird, the weight of an adult bird reaches 10 kg, the body length reaches 160 cm, and the wingspan is 240 cm.
It is an interesting fact that these animals of the Perm Territory, listed in the Red Book, are considered a national treasure and a symbol of Finland. It is this swan that acts as a symbol of fidelity, nobility and family happiness. Not many animals of the Red Book of the Perm Territory can boast of so many legends and beliefs, but the whooper swan entered the folklore of many peoples very tightly. Only one legend about him will be described later, but it will allow us to understand how unusual the named creature is.
Animals of the Red Book of Perm Krai: Short Stories
Once white clouds wanted to go down to the tundra and relax on its green expanses. But the payment for this was the conversion of their white birds, which in the future only sometimes will be allowed to become a cloud again and soar above the ground. But the tundra beckoned, and the clouds agreed to its condition, after which they turned into many beautiful and proud white swans.
Exotic representative, a rare animal from the Red Book of Perm Krai
The animals of the Perm Territory, listed in the Red Book, conceal in their lists such an exotic representative as the South Russian tarantula.
This type of tarantula belongs to the category of large spiders with a dense cover of small hairs. The dimensions of his body reach up to 35 mm. The poison that he injects under the skin is classified as dangerous to the human body. After the bite, the appearance of a tumor is observed and rather strong pain sensations arise. To avoid the spread of poison throughout the body, the site of the bite must be exposed to high temperature, for example, a burning match that can be put out about it will do just fine.
Although animals of the Perm Territory are listed in the Red Book of this region, they are often representatives of the Red Books of other regions of Russia and the general state Red Book. True, the categories of uniqueness may vary significantly, but the overall picture does not change very significantly. Animals listed in the Red Book of Perm Territory are subject to conservation. And their defenders are doing their best to create the most favorable conditions for the existence and reproduction of representatives of fauna and flora.
Plants of Perm Krai from the Red Book
Plants of this region in recent years have been subjected to strong human intervention, which significantly reduces their total number.
This situation is caused by the expansion of the developed territories and the development of human activities in the agricultural and industrial sphere. All this entails deforestation, drying of swamps, deepening into the bowels of the earth.
But at the government level, they are trying to solve the question of how rare plants and animals of the Red Book of the Perm Territory will be preserved.
The list of rare plants totals 343 species, of which:
- 174 species - angiosperms;
- 6 types - gymnosperms;
- 21 species - ferns;
- 1 species - of pluns;
- 37 species - algae;
- 45 species - mosses;
- 55 species - mushrooms;
- 59 species - lichens.
Medicinal plants of Primorye
A separate place in the named list is allocated to medicinal plants. Since in this region there are most of them. More than 1000 medicinal plants have been found in the Urals. They occupy the territory in protected areas and gardens, the protection of which occurs at the state level.
The list of such territories includes:
- Botanical Garden of Perm State University;
- A collection site in the Kishertsky district of Perm Territory;
- State Reserve "Visherskits". The list of rare plants in this area is updated annually through research;
- A collection site in Perm, based on the basis of the Linden Mountain farm.
Real Ginseng or Panax
A vivid representative of the unique plants of this region can be called real ginseng, which is also known as Panax. This plant is unique in its composition, which includes the entire periodic table. There is a sea of myths and legends about him, and among the people he gained the name "Root of Life". The plant is credited with magical properties, they claim that it returns youth and strength to old people.
Since ancient times, ginseng has been very much appreciated - only gold was paid for it. The cost was determined by the weight of the plant - the weight of ginseng was equal to the weight of gold. It should be noted that real ginseng grows only in the Primorsky Territory.
Ginseng is a great gift of nature, which requires special protection.
Adonis spring - perennial and unique
Adonis spring rightfully takes its place of honor in the book of unique plants. The people call it "Campion", this is due to flowering, which seems to burn with fire in the springtime. He is one of the first to bloom after winter and with his color boldly declares the awakening of nature.
The plant reaches a height of up to 50 cm and is among the poisonous plants, but the correct use and adherence to dosages gives it healing properties. Given the toxicity of adonis, the plant requires accuracy in the collection, which, by the way, becomes the reason for its disappearance. People trying to protect themselves damage the plant itself, and this, in the end, leads to a reduction in its reproduction.
Primorsky Krai is very rich in its nature, and in order not to lose all this, you need to protect its natural resources.