The human body needs regular intake of a sufficient amount of fluid. This allows all systems and organs to work correctly. Unfortunately, not everyone monitors the quality of water consumed. But in most cases it is completely unsuitable for this purpose. Sorption filters will help neutralize harmful microorganisms, clean them from unpleasant odors and optimize the structure of water. Let us consider in more detail how such devices and their mechanism of action are arranged.
Water purification
Everyone knows that 80% of people are water. Therefore, it is extremely important to regularly use a sufficient amount of fluid for the body to work properly. The quality of tap water leaves much to be desired, which means it is extremely dangerous to use it without additional purification.
Primary cleaning takes place in special facilities where the fluid is subjected to multi-stage filtration. Chlorine is used to kill pathogens. However, this substance is not particularly useful for the human body, because it causes disruption of the digestive tract, dries the skin, and strikes the immune system. And after the journey of water from the treatment plant through old and not always sealed pipes, it can hardly be called drinking. How to make water suitable for consumption? Additional filtering can help.
How to purify water safely?
Today, there are a huge number of ways to purify water. Mechanical filters are placed directly at the entrance to the water supply and trap rust fragments, metal particles, and sand grains. For domestic needs, such water can already be used, but it is still not suitable for drinking, because for bacteria the nets and disks in the pipes are completely not terrible. To make tap water suitable for drinking will help a sorption filter. It is considered the most environmentally friendly and fairly easy to maintain.
The filter with the sorbent can be installed in the apartment, house, cottage, in the country. A similar device is used to remove various organic pollutants in closed-type water supply systems (such are usually used in production). The design of the device may have a different configuration depending on the application.
What is adsorption?
Adsorption is called the process in which the absorption of harmful substances by the active component occurs. Porous coal most often acts as such an absorber. For the adsorption of steam and gas, special liquids are used.
Types of filters for sorption purification
Sorption filters for water purification, which are currently available for sale, differ in the control method, the number of filter layers and the type of pressure. Non-pressure systems are used in everyday life, and automatic (pressure) filters are suitable for industrial needs. In the first case, the filter may take the form of a jug, a nozzle for a faucet, an individual portable water purifier, stationary and desktop installation.
When cleaning the liquid with activated carbon, it should be remembered that water containing colloidal particles and dissolved suspensions shields the pores of the absorbent and thus spoil it.
Pressureless filter
"Home" sorption filters are made from food materials. Most often, polypropylene is used for this. In the form of a jug (or tank), the device is divided into two parts: the first contains untreated liquid, the lower one contains water passed through the filter. Sorbent in such devices is in the form of granules.
The household sorption filter has many advantages:
- the unit is able to get rid of various kinds of pollutants (chlorine, pesticides, heavy metals, dyes, oil products);
- after cleaning, the water becomes soft and tastes good;
- unpleasant odors disappear;
- the quality of tap water is greatly improved;
- The device is suitable for purifying water from wells.
Sorption filter for wastewater treatment
In various industries, special attention is paid to wastewater treatment from organic compounds and other harmful substances. This is due to the fact that water supply is carried out in factories in a closed cycle. The sorption purification method will be effective only if aromatic compounds, chlorine, weak electrolytes are contained in the wastewater. If monohydric alcohols and inorganic compounds are present in the liquid, it is better to refuse the use of a sorption pressure filter.
The mechanism of action of the sorption filter
The drawing of the device will help to better understand how the process of water purification still occurs. First of all, you should pay attention to the type of filter itself. Such a device has the form of a cylinder, which is in a vertical position. Distribution nodes and installations are located in the lower and upper parts, allowing to take water samples.
The main material from which the cylinder is made is sheet steel. The bottom and mounting racks are welded to the device itself. Install a sorption filter that will treat wastewater is only necessary on the foundation due to the large weight of the structure. Sorbent is loaded into the device through a nozzle located in the upper part.
How is cleaning done?
In sorption purification devices used in industry, wastewater is filtered in several stages. First of all, the liquid undergoes mechanical filtration, where it is cleaned of metal inclusions and sand. After this, water enters the sump. Here is the purification from oil pollutants. The last stage is to remove fine inclusions in the activated carbon compartment.
The filter brand is selected depending on the installation requirements and production needs. Pentair ECT-2 filter has good technical characteristics. It operates in the temperature range from +2 to +40 ° . In one hour, the device can purify up to 1400 liters of water. Excellent performance and backwash speeds - up to 4000 l / h.
Equipment service
During operation, the adsorbent component accumulates a huge amount of pollutants. Timely washing of the sorption filters will help get rid of organic and inorganic sediments. To do this, you need to run water into the device, pass through the filter, carry out a reverse (bottom to top), and then direct (top to bottom) flushing. Dirty water is then discharged into the sewer.
The frequency of washing the sorption filters depends on the operating mode and the load level of the cleaning device. The duration of the process ranges from 30-60 minutes.