The term "preventive measures" means a preventive (prophylactic, preventive) action. It is used in various fields, for example, in business activities they call it measures aimed at reducing risk and its impact on the result; in international law, these are joint actions by a community of states aimed at preventing threats to the planet, disturbing order or manifesting aggression. In the armed forces, this concept demonstrates military power that can unite with other states to maintain peace and security.
However, the most often preventive measures are used in insurance, they are taken in advance according to the established forecast (the probability of occurrence for a certain time interval is calculated). There is even a classification of measures by risk factors, by purpose and other criteria. Within each species, there is also a division into groups.
So, for the purpose, protective measures are allocated that are aimed at preventing the accident and mitigating the consequences if the event still happened. According to the level of decision-making, they are state-owned
(legal regulation, state security
mechanism , formation of material and technical reserve, etc.); regional
(legal regulation and financial reserve in the region, training people, protective structures, rescue groups, hazard monitoring, etc.). Preventive measures at the collective level affect authorities in order to protect against natural risks; at the individual level, the necessary knowledge about safety is acquired and a decision is made whether or not to live in a dangerous territory.
In addition, preventive measures are divided into groups: reducing danger
terrain (reprofiling, decommissioning and disposal of hazardous facilities, crime control, etc.); reducing the threat to the population and the environment (the optimal location of housing complexes and other facilities in a safe area, sanitary zones, eviction of people from contaminated and unfavorable areas for living).
All measures to achieve the invulnerability of objects are designed to enhance durability, improve safety, reduce accident damage (timely organization of emergency rescue operations).
In general, it can be said that preventive measures are the creation of such conditions under which
emergency rescue services, stocks of material resources, everything necessary for evacuation measures are maintained in readiness. This also needs to include the organization of systems for providing people with vital items, products and protective equipment.
In insurance, preventive measures are actively practiced in order to prevent insured events. At the same time, not only the insurance company must ensure their implementation, but the policyholder himself must do everything in his power to protect himself from accidents, acting as if his property was not insured.