There are at least 30 varieties of plums on the ground that differ in appearance, taste and storage conditions. However, most species were bred by breeders who tried to get frost-resistant and high-yielding trees. Hungarian is especially fond of gardeners.
The most common types are:
- Moscow.
- Belorussian.
- Korneevskaya.
- Italian
- Pulkovo.
- Amazing.
- Donetsk.
- Voronezh.
- Michurinskaya.
- Bogatyrskaya.
- Ordinary (homemade, or eel).
- Dubovskaya.
- Azhanskaya.
Of particular note is the plum Hungarian Moscow. Description of the variety, photos and growing conditions of this crop will interest many beginners and experienced gardeners.
Origin, where did the name of the variety come from
Plums, the fruits of which are very similar in appearance, are united by a common name - Hungarian. According to many biologists, Asia is the historical homeland of this variety, from where its "triumphal march" on the planet began. Residents of the USSR quite late became acquainted with this culture, and it was the Hungarians who brought them the lilac-blue and violet-reddish fruits, which is the reason for the name. Also plum Hungarian Moscow is also called Tsaritsyn and is one of the old varieties. Its breeders bred in 1947 by accident, trying to grow a hybrid for collective farms located within a radius of 25 km from Moscow (the European part of Russia). Then the seedlings of the Hungarian home (ordinary) self-pollinated, resulting in hardy seedlings that are able to bring a high yield. This variety was entered into the state registry for the Central District, and the variety itself has since been considered the main one in the standard assortment of the Moscow Region.
What the tree looks like, description of the variety
If you plan to plant a tree that is undemanding to care at your site, then the best option would be to plum Vengerka Moskovskaya - the variety description, photos will easily help you find out how it looks. So, adult cultures are distinguished by a spreading, dense crown having the correct spherical shape. Compared to other trees, this species is considered medium-tall. Its height reaches a maximum of 3-3.5 meters. Green leaves of medium size, elongated shape. In addition, its fruiting is focused on bouquet branches and annual growth.
What do the fruits of the Hungarian Moscow look like
The first harvest of plum varieties Vengerka Moscow appears quite late - at 6-8 years of plant life, but a lot of fruits are tied. With proper fruit care, it becomes more and more every year. From one tree it is quite possible to collect up to 40 kg of the crop.
Plum Vengerka Moscow differ in fruits of medium size, their mass mainly reaches 25 grams, the shape is asymmetric, round-oval, sometimes ovoid. In addition, a pronounced seam is located on the fruit, located almost in the middle. The color of the fruit is violet-bluish or violet-red, dark. The peel has an intense waxy coating, rough. The pulp of the plum of this variety is amber-yellow, honey-colored, dense, rough, but juicy, with a sweetish-sour taste. The bone is of an elongated oval shape. The fruits ripen not earlier than the end of summer - the beginning of autumn.
Features of planting and growing
When choosing a place for planting a new seedling, it should be borne in mind that cultivating plums of Moscow Vengerka does not require special efforts and conditions. The only thing she needs is the presence of heat and light. Care is practically no different from those agrotechnical techniques that are necessary for most stone fruits. A slightly alkaline substrate will be the best soil for the tree, but acidified soils are highly discouraged. When determining the site, stop at the place where the earth is loose, protected from cold, sharp drafts, warms well by the sun and retains moisture. Lowlands are not suitable for planting, because they accumulate cold air and snow in the winter season, which can provoke the process of baking the bark. An ideal place would be a hillside located in the southwest or northeast.
After planting, maintain the soil in the near-stem circle in a wet state - this will be the key to the proper development of the root system and will help the plant quickly adapt to new conditions. In addition, plum Hungarian Moscow tolerates drought, but in this case it will not bring the desired abundant fruiting. Water it during the flowering period - and then the fruits will begin to intensively increase their mass.
The variety is also grateful for fertilizing - during the annual digging of the soil, add humus or rotted manure, potassium and phosphorus to the trunk circle.
How to trim
For Vengerka, competent pruning is extremely important, since the trees differ in a slightly thickened crown. Proper formation increases productivity and strengthens branches. Do not delay the pruning process, otherwise you can harm the tree - it painfully endures the removal of lignified adult shoots. If you still had to cut a large branch, then in its place a hollow can form, which will become the breeding ground for a number of pathogenic bacteria and the habitat of pests. The plum immunity is also reduced.
Experts advise 2-3 years after planting a young seedling in a permanent place to completely cut off small branches growing down and inside the crown, as well as the entire root shoot. Carefully dig up the earth with your hands and, finding the base of each of the basal processes, cut it off. If the tree is damaged by frost, it is better to leave a few strong twigs - in the future, from them you can safely form skeletal shoots.
Pollination of the Hungarian Moscow
This variety is self-fertile and, self-pollinating, regularly gives an excellent harvest. But they will help to significantly increase the productivity of the pollinators considered by us (Moscow Hungarian) plum. For these purposes, it is possible to land on the Skorospelka red plot, the collective farm collective farm and the Tula black plum.
Advantages and disadvantages of the variety
Despite the fact that the fruits of the described variety do not differ in their original taste, they are excellent for transportation and are well preserved. Fruits can be transported over long distances and even pluck unripe.
Also plum Vengerka Moscow tolerates prolonged drought and is resistant to disease. The only negative is the lack of early maturity. However, modern breeders are now striving to grow hybrids that are able to please gardeners with their crops much earlier.
Recommendations and reviews of gardeners, interesting facts
It is worth noting that it is from Hungary that real prunes are made, and Hungarians knew about this already in the 19th century. They were in no hurry to pluck mature fruits from the trees, waiting for them to fall to the ground on their own. Plums slightly withered, while retaining their benefits. This feature of fruits is associated with the ratio of pectin with acids and sugar level. So, the level of sugar content of plums is at least 14-16%, and dry matter - up to 20%. All sorts of tinctures and even wine are obtained from it.
Many gardeners recommend in the harvest years to make props for branches in advance so that they do not break from the excessive weight of the fruits. It is also important to water the tree in a drought so that the plums do not crumble.
In addition, fruits of this variety are also included in the diet of patients with hypertension, tuberculosis, pneumonia and rheumatism. Basically, the owners of the sites leave only positive feedback on the plum Vengerka of Moscow. Highlighting many positive characteristics, they do not forget to mention that the variety is not only unpretentious, but also inexpensive.
Having planted a stone crop of this variety, you can always enjoy a plentiful harvest with minimal labor.