Equipping his home, each owner achieves not only beauty, but also reliability. First of all, we are talking about castles. There are quite a lot of them, different in price, features and characteristics. A separate place among them is an electromagnetic lock.
Device
The design of this element is simple. It is based on a core in a winding. It is located in a special building. The core is made of sheets of electrical steel. The use of this material is due to the low magnetized effect. And to reduce residual stress, it is enough to apply a special paint composition.
Most often, the design is a small plate that is welded together and form the letter "W". A winding is a coil with numerous turns of enameled copper wire. The casing is steel or aluminum. It is allowed to use plastic, but this reduces the durability of the structure and its reliability.
Principle of operation
The mechanism begins to function when magnetic elements are activated. This occurs when voltage is applied to the housing and winding through the core. Only 5 watts of voltage is enough to interlock doors weighing up to 150 kg.
Turning the lock on and off forms an oscillating circuit with alternating current acting on it. Charging is via a capacitor through the winding, resulting in a change in magnetic polarity. The residual current goes to magnetization reversal. It happens that the capacitor fails. Then the door opens with considerable effort. This can be eliminated only by replacing the part, while installing it must be parallel to the terminals.
Kinds
Distinguish electromagnetic locks by the type of locking device :
In a shear device, the magnet is fixed by the tongue of the lock, so such structures are subject to insert into the door or gate.
In the holding version, the magnet holds the flaps that open. Along the entire perimeter of the opening, it is allowed to install several such elements.
Mounting tools
Installing an electromagnetic lock is a simple matter, and therefore can be done on its own. To do this, you need the following tools:
- Pencil to put the necessary marks for installation.
- Drill. If you are installing a mortise, then under it you need to drill holes for the mounting bolts.
- Screwdriver or screwdriver.
- Hammer and chisel.
- Building level and tape measure.
Installation Start
Installation of the electromagnetic lock on the door begins with the marking at the installation site. It can be both horizontal and vertical. The main thing is to comply with the indentation condition from the door hinges. You can determine the place for the counter plate by applying the main device to the canvas. Next is her stencil. Then, the fastener parts are marked.
After that, drill holes, after checking the diameter of the drill. The plate is fixed with washers. Two nuts are screwed onto the screws: on the side where the door jamb is first steel, and then rubber. This will allow the structure to oscillate unhindered, while ensuring a good fit of the core.
You can determine the location of the corner of the plate by applying the main part of the lock. Next, the plate is displaced in the desired direction using a hexagon. At the same time, the fixing bolt is loosened to check whether the door electromagnetic lock has been correctly installed. A prerequisite for the correct functioning of the locking element is the parallel installation of the plate to the base.
Types of installation
Do-it-yourself installation of an electromagnetic lock depends on the type of door:
- Installation is made on top of the inside of the jamb, and the core is placed in the center. The second element is placed on the opposite side. An additional type of fasteners are not needed.
- In a glass-type door, installation is carried out by making an internal contact arrangement, and a corner is used instead of a steel plate. The door thus opens into the room.
- An electromagnetic lock, which is installed on a door with a narrow jamb, is additionally supplied with corners. They help expand the installation area.
- When it is necessary that the door opens towards the lock, its contact area and plate are fixed in an upright position using the corners.
Further installation
After the marking lines of the future castle are outlined, holes are drilled.
Further in the place of installation it is necessary to make a niche. This is carried out using milk and a chisel. Installation of an electromagnetic lock on a metal door is carried out at the stage of manufacturing the door itself. But if this happens during its operation, then part of the skin is removed to make a niche.
A lock case is installed in a niche, after which it is fixed. The response bar is set by the same principle.
Optional equipment
An electromagnetic lock, the installation of the main elements of which is completed, requires the installation of additional equipment. It can be a controller, an input button or a power supply. These elements are installed indoors, but the reader is mounted outside. Additional devices are attached to the wall adjacent to the door, but not to its door leaf.
For independent fastening of these elements you need:
- make markings in the chosen place;
- make holes for fasteners;
- to install and fix devices.
Connection
It is also easy to connect an electromagnetic lock, the installation of which was carried out independently. To do this, you need a circuit that is attached to the lock kit, and minimal electricity skills.
The main element in the operation of the lock is the controller. All other components are connected to it. The connection must be carried out with insulated wires of a two-core type with a cross section of at least 0.5 mm. To prevent wires from spoiling the interior, they can be hidden in the wall or in a special box.
Connecting a video intercom
The video intercom is connected to the lock, like other elements, through the controller. In this case, a four-wire wire is already used. When connecting a video intercom, you should follow these steps:
- The communication panel located outside the room and the device must be connected. Often, the communication panel and reader are located in one place.
- Connect power from the intercom to the controller.
- Additionally connect the lock and the controller to allow the locking mechanism to open using the video intercom.
- Connect the panel to call the controller.
Lock control features
All control of the electromagnetic lock is made using the controller.
That, in turn, has the following functions:
- transmission of the lock opening signal;
- power supply for fixing the locking mechanism;
- key coding.
Before you start using the lock, you must configure all the keys. This is done as follows:
- At the first connection, the key included in the kit is brought to the controller.
- The controller must be put into recording mode with a jumper.
- After that, the remaining keys are brought to the reader and programmed.
- The controller must be put into operation.
When all the keys are prepared, the lock will automatically lock, and you can open it with one of the sets of ready-made keys.
Wicket lock
Installation of the electromagnetic lock on the gate can be carried out independently. This will require the same set of tools as for door mounting. The sequence of actions is as follows:
- Holes of a smaller diameter than screws are drilled in the metal frame of the gate.
- The lock is fastened with self-tapping screws.
- The counter plate is fixed on the gate leaf.
- The wires from the reader are passed through the far housing of the gate, while the device is fixed to the fence or gate leaf.
- The controller is installed at a convenient distance and in place, so that it would be convenient in the future to read keys from it.
- An opening button is installed on the inside of the gate.
After these manipulations, it is necessary to connect an electromagnetic lock, the installation of which was carried out on the fence gate.
Wires are connected to the reader and terminals. Throughout the wiring, it must be hidden in a special plastic tray, which will protect from moisture and other weather conditions. After successful programming, you can begin to operate.
So, we figured out how to install the electromagnetic lock with our own hands.