Even if you are a person who is far from the construction industry, then you should be aware that living without a quality flooring is extremely uncomfortable. This applies to houses made of different materials. Not an exception and frame construction. If the floor structure is properly equipped, then it will be possible to keep heat indoors and create a reliable support that will extend the life of the building by several decades.
In order to give the building strength, you should create a rough floor, which will act as the basis for the future finish coating.
Features of the design of the rough floor
If you will be installing the floor in a frame house, then at the first stage it is worth creating a rough coating, which should be as flat, flat and reliable as possible. Ultimately, it will be possible to lay, for example, a laminate on such a coating. The main objective of this design will be the uniform distribution of load on the surface. So you can eliminate the occurrence of bending and deformation of the finish. The flooring in the frame house can be carried out by several technologies, but the most popular and relevant today are logs, dry screed on the ground or wet screed on the surface of the soil.
Stages of the construction of the subfloor on the logs
If you decide to use a technique that involves the use of lag, then the work will be possible in several stages. These elements are untreated bars, which are located on the floor or ground. Their alignment should be carried out from the side where the finish coating will be covered. To do this, you can use a regular ax. Wood is protected from aggressive factors and insects, for which the surface of the elements is treated with an antiseptic composition.
If you will lay the logs on the overlap, then in the upper crown of the walls you need to cut out the grooves where the planed logs will be laid. Among other things, the logs are installed on brick supports, which strengthen the system and extend the life of the structure. When the installation of the rough coating is carried out on the base, the soil is pre-filled with a 2 cm layer of crushed stone, which must be compacted. Logs are installed on supporting posts that are mounted on the foundation, and their protection from moisture will extend the life of the structure.
For reference
The device of the floor in the frame house can be carried out from plywood, which is installed on the logs. This option is budgetary and is characterized by durability and practicality. For reliable fastening of the elements around the perimeter, it is necessary to lay small bars, from which a wooden crate should be made. Plywood sheets are fixed with special screws or nails, the distance between which should be equal to about 150 mm.
After completing these works, you can start laying thermal insulation materials like mineral wool or a substrate under a laminate.
Create a wet screed based roughing
If you will be installing the floor in a frame house, then you can apply the technology of wet screed on the ground. This technique is not always preferred for the reason that the floor surface must be left to dry completely, which will take several weeks. The deadline will depend on climatic conditions. Two methods of wet screed are known today, one of which involves the use of a cement mortar, while the other involves a bulk floor. The most common way to create such a foundation is the use of cement brand M-250.
As a result, it is possible to obtain a smooth surface due to the inclusion of polymer ingredients in the composition. Among other things, they give the coating increased resistance to mechanical stress. The thickness of this system can vary from 30 to 100 mm. The screed should also be reinforced with metal elements.
Preparatory work
The device of the rough floor in the frame house can be carried out by the method of laying a wet screed. In the preparatory phase, in this case, the base should be cleaned by removing debris, foreign objects and dirt.
At the next stage, waterproofing from a plastic film is laid, and around the perimeter you need to install a tape that will compensate for the thermal expansion of the mixture. If the surface has differences between 2 and 4 mm, beacons should be installed that guarantee a perfectly flat surface after pouring.
Methodology
When the floor of the frame house is installed on the strip foundation, then at the next stage it is necessary to dilute the mixture and apply it, leveling it with a special bar. It is necessary to get rid of the air bubbles that have appeared with a knitting needle, then the rough screed is left to dry for about a month. Once the floor has gained strength, you can use it as a rough base for laying any finishing coating, including ceramic tiles, linoleum, parquet board or laminate.
Specialist advice
It is better to equip the bulk floor, which will become a rough base, when leveling the surface with a slope of up to 30 mm is required. However, applying such a mixture to the soil is strictly prohibited, since the composition requires the presence of a solid base, such as a concrete screed.
The material needs protection from moisture, so it is necessary to lay a waterproofing film. Its thickness can vary from 1 to 2 mm. The technology for laying such a solution is similar to the method described above, however bulk floors dry faster, and further work will be possible after 10 days.
Floor in a frame house on screw piles
The device of the floor of the frame house on screw piles will include the use of a beam, channel or I-beam. Work can be carried out immediately after the construction of the pile foundation. For strapping, you can use wooden beams to which the logs are attached. The span of the beams should not exceed a level of three meters. If the span is greater than this value, then additional support should be used from piles. For beams, a beam cross section of 100 mm is recommended, coniferous wood is best used as the material.
Before installing the harness, you need to waterproof the base with a roofing material, a plastic film or penofol. When the floor is installed in the frame house on piles, after installing the beams, you can proceed to laying the logs. The distance between these elements should be 500 mm. For the first floor, logs on piles are used, the cross section of which should be 250 mm. Whereas elements of 70x200 mm are suitable for the second floor. If the spans are relatively small, which is especially true for bathrooms and bathrooms, then the cross-section of the beams can be reduced to 50x150 mm.
In order to increase the strength of the structure, the distance between the lags can be reduced to 40 cm. Before proceeding with the laying of the lag, it is necessary to make markings that will determine the distance between the elements. At the next stage, in the strapping beam, it is necessary to make recesses along the width of the boards. As soon as the logs are laid in the grooves of the harness, they can be fixed with dowels, self-tapping screws, nails or screws.
When the device of the floor in the frame house is carried out, it is recommended to consider the photo in advance. Perhaps this will allow you to understand what methodology to carry out the work. Speaking of the above, it can be noted that from the bottom to the lags are fixed boards of square section with a side of 30 mm. In order to increase the strength of the floor structure, the bars are connected by transverse bridges, the distance between which is 150 cm. However, this condition is not necessary.
Underfloor heating
If you have completed the construction of a frame house, the base of which is a stove, then it's time to deal with the installation of a warm floor. The base must be clean and dry, and the maximum height difference should not be more than 0.5 cm. Otherwise, the irregularities must be leveled. For this, a layer of low-quality concrete is sometimes even used.
When installing the floor in the frame house on the stove, at the next stage it is necessary to lay the waterproofing, so that it also serves as a vapor barrier. To do this, you can use a plastic film. The overlap of the paintings should be about 12 cm, and the seams are connected using tape. It is important to lay a thick layer of thermal insulation, which eliminates heat loss. Penofol is recognized as the most practical material. The device of a heated floor in a frame house at the next stage provides for laying a pipeline, which is then poured with the same concrete screed.