Before you begin the construction of the walls of your home, you need to bring a good foundation under it, that is, lay the foundation. Foundation work occupy a very important place in construction. The pouring stage does not require special preparation and construction qualifications, but the strength and durability of the base will depend on the quality of its execution, the correct choice of design and the selection of all necessary materials. That is why the attitude to the process of pouring the foundation should be very serious, and the execution should be well thought out.
What you need to know about the foundations in order to avoid future irreparable errors? Today, there are three types of foundation construction:
- tape;
- columnar;
- plate.
For example, if your house will be built of brick, then the ideal foundation for it is a strip. It is important to correctly calculate the depth of soil freezing and to carry out foundation work below it. As for the columnar base, it fits under light wooden and frame buildings. The slab foundation is laid according to the same principles, but differs in that the reinforced slab can be laid regardless of the ground. For example, groundwater, swamp or sand will not be able to prevent the slab foundation from withstanding loads.
Materials for construction
Building materials for the construction of the foundation are very diverse (brick, rubble stone, concrete). Before doing the calculation of the foundation for the country, for example, you need to foresee everything. The process of foundation work itself includes several stages:
- excavation;
- laying the underground part of the foundation;
- construction of a basement;
- waterproofing device.
Foundation foundation technology
The strip foundation is laid mainly under houses with heavy walls - these are stone, brick, concrete, adobe, as well as in cases where there is a need to build a cellar or basement. This type of foundation is very strong and reliable, but requires a lot of material, which is why it is expensive. It is economically more reasonable to fill them with shallow laying on dry soils.
Column foundation technology
Foundation work of this type is most in demand on the market. They are effective in
heaving soils, laid under light buildings. The pillars of the base can be wooden, brick, concrete, stone, reinforced concrete. Installation is carried out at a distance of 1-2.5 meters from each other. A prerequisite is the installation of poles at the corners of the house in places where the walls intersect with the bearing piers and other places that have a load.
Slab-type foundation construction
This type of substrate is common in highly compressible soils. Often, foundation blocks are used for larger houses. It should be remembered that, having correctly planned the construction of the house, you will get a strong and durable structure. A well-made foundation work contributes to the solution of many problems in the future.