From a successful layout, the optimal placement of various engineering networks and the size of the plot depends on how convenient it will be to live in a private house. First of all, you need to determine the area of the cottage and the number of storeys, and then proceed to the planning of the interior. With the right approach, you can create the best layout of the house, which will take into account the needs of all family members.
Features of planning during design
The layout needs to be made, taking into account both the overall dimensions of the building and the area of each interior. All free space is primarily divided into utility and residential. The living area is divided into daytime and evening, and then there are rooms for guests, adults and children. In the day zone, when developing a project of the internal layout of the house, you need to include an entrance hall, vestibule, living room, hall, dining room, toilet, veranda or terrace, toilet. The evening rooms include bedrooms, extended bathrooms and dressing rooms. The household includes a kitchen, boiler room, laundry, workshop, boiler room.
When planning the rooms in the house, the size and shape of the building, the number of floors, the location and number of entrance doors, the material from which the house will be built, the need for an attached garage or boiler room, the number of bathrooms (it is advisable to place toilets on each floor), the presence of walk-throughs rooms, combination of kitchen, dining room and / or living room. In a large house you can think of a gym, a winter garden, a billiard room or a pool.
It is imperative to adhere to standard hygiene and construction standards. At least 25 m 3 of air per person. Otherwise, it is difficult to ensure the normal well-being and coexistence of all residents. It should take into account the illumination. Living rooms and living rooms need to be designed taking into account the position of the sun. The project should take into account the view from the windows: a beautiful landscape is preferable for living rooms, and utility rooms can be equipped in those places where the view from the window is not important. If you plan to equip an open or closed veranda, terrace or attic, then they should be on the sunny side and be protected from the wind. Only design with these requirements in mind will ensure a comfortable stay.
Linking the project of the house to the area
A convenient layout of the house must necessarily take into account the wind rose, the local landscape and the condition of the soil. A wind rose is compiled from weather observations. A polygon is graphically displayed, along the length of the lines of which one can determine the prevailing wind directions. This must be taken into account when planning the location of the front door, terrace or veranda. There should be free access to housing in any weather, a convenient location for communications for the supply of building materials and fuel, your own car, and loading and unloading should be provided.
On clay or sandy soil, a foundation is established with additional protection against moisture. Otherwise, fungus and mold will quickly appear in the house, which will be practically impossible to get rid of. Depending on the structure of the soil on the site for construction, the permissible load is calculated and the possibility of constructing housing in several floors is evaluated. The project also needs to provide an optimal route for water supply, sewage and gas supply, to clarify the possibility of drilling a well to create an autonomous water supply.
Optimal area and number of rooms
The number and placement of rooms should be considered in advance. The specific dimensions directly depend on the functionality. Children, for example, do not make big ones. These should be comfortable rooms in which you need to provide adequate lighting and a good sleep. The dining room should simultaneously accommodate all family members. This room is usually made the second largest after the living room.
It is undesirable to make living rooms long and narrow, because it is inconvenient both in terms of comfortable living and when placing furniture. The arrangement of furniture is also worth considering in advance. This will ensure the rational use of space and will allow you to choose the most optimal area for each living room. The kitchen is especially actively used, so space cannot be saved in this room. Enough space is required for quiet cooking.
You can save space by combining rooms. The living room can be combined with a dining room or kitchen. This will allow you to organize a large and comfortable room, as well as save on materials, because you do not have to spend an affordable budget on the construction of partitions. It is possible to combine a toilet and a bathroom. Walk-through rooms (usually a living room and dining room) must be used rationally. The smaller the corridors, the more convenient it will be to move around the house.
Dimensions of the building are selected by the number of planned premises and their area. It is necessary to take into account the number of residents. It would be irrational for a small family to build a house too large, but let the dwelling be spacious, and each room should be used for its intended purpose. Premises that are not used, but also do not interfere with the residents, take away financial resources. Every winter they must be drowned, which means extra spending on utility bills, and even when building a house, funds are aimlessly invested in rooms that will not be used. It is more rational to direct free money to the arrangement of a summer recreation area or a more expensive facade decoration.
Layout of a one- or two-story house
The possibilities of modern design make the concept of "one-story" house conditional. The plan may include the construction of an attic or the equipment of the basement. These premises cannot be called full floors, but they will make the housing comfortable and increase the usable area. On the ground floor, they usually equip the household sector, take out communications or install sports simulators, you can equip a boiler room or make a garage. The attic can be equipped with children's rooms or bedrooms.
If houses with additional levels are not attractive, then you should plan the premises taking into account the effective use of available space. It is necessary to provide rooms for all family members, the kitchen and dining room can be combined. Differentiate zones will help the construction of small partitions or columns. But the best layout of the house necessarily provides for the possibility of further expansion of housing.
A two-story house is a good choice for a large family. Living rooms are usually planned on the second floor, while the ground floor is equipped with a kitchen, guest bedrooms, and a living room. If elderly people live in the house, then it is better to place rooms for them on the ground floor. The bathrooms on the floors are optimally located one above the other to facilitate the supply of communications. A two-story house is best designed in a small area where a large family will live.
Advantages of one-floor projects
The layout of a one-story house of foam blocks or aerated concrete blocks is optimal for a small family, but the usable area can be increased due to additional levels. A project with a low number of storeys in most cases has a simplified version of the foundation, which reduces construction costs. In addition, the simplified foundation does not depend on the type of soil in the territory allotted for construction. But you need to calculate everything in order to be able to save money without sacrificing construction in general and safety.
When constructing a one-story building, you can save money, because due to the lack of a second floor, the structure does not require additional reinforcement. At the same time, the choice of building materials is practically not limited. In single-story buildings, engineering is very simple. There is no need to perform complex wiring of communications, heating and other things. Installation work in this case is maximally simplified and is quite cheap.
The best plans for the construction of a one-story house allow you to comfortably place the whole family in a small area. A simple design will cost much cheaper financially, and all work can be done in a relatively short time. Due to the lack of stairs (with the exception of floor plans with an attic), it is possible to more rationally dispose of the internal living quarters.
Disadvantages of single-story residential buildings
Large one-story buildings create difficulties at the design stage. Particular care must be taken to ensure that there are as few passage rooms as possible. Most of all, this requirement is relevant when placing living rooms: children's rooms, bedrooms and guest rooms. The comfort of all tenants will depend on the quality of the project. In addition, additional funds in this case will need to be directed to the organization of the roof. Roofs with large dimensions will often need to be repaired and updated, which will cause new costs. Small buildings significantly limit the area of the interior. It is necessary to choose the best layout of a small house so that the project at the same time meets the needs of all residents and meets all the standards of construction and sanitation.
Ways to increase your usable space
The best layout of the house provides for the availability of comfortable living rooms for all family members, the necessary utility rooms and a common space. At the same time, one-story ones are usually limited in size, so the owners of suburban areas by all available means strive to increase the free space of the home. It is possible to equip the basement. Usually, living rooms are not placed there, but they allot a place for a pantry, utility rooms or a garage. The construction of the attic roof will conveniently accommodate bedrooms, guest rooms and nurseries.
It is important to consider that the cost of attic construction is slightly higher than the costs incurred by the organization of a gable roof. Therefore, this option to expand the space can be considered as a profitable investment of finances. Instead of an attic, you can equip a roof with one slope, in order to further organize an attic room or an outboard area. A flat roof can be used to create an additional zone for a good rest. The organization of a workshop or a garage will make it possible to diversify the layout of the building and make living more comfortable.
Plan of a one-story house 8 x 8 meters
At 64 square meters you can conveniently arrange both utility rooms and living rooms, and if you add a basement or an attic, then in such a small house a rather large family can accommodate. Here are some of the best home planning options:
- Eight square meter kitchen, living room (17 m 2 ), one bedroom (12 m 2 ), shared bathroom (4 m 2 ), small pantry or boiler room (3 m 2 ), hall (2 m 2 ) and vestibule (2 m 2 ).
- Combined kitchen-living room (about 13 m 2 ), two bedrooms (12.5 and 9.5 m 2 ), bathroom (4 m 2 ), pantry (3 m 2 ), small vestibule (2 m 2 ) and a hall (almost 5 m 2 ). The layout of the kitchen in the house here is successful - there is enough space, everything looks very neat and comfortable.
- 27 m2 studio (combined kitchen, living room and dining room), one living room (12 m2), combined bathroom (almost 3 m2), vestibule (2 m2), hall (3.25 m2) and pantry ( 3 m 2 ).
In the house of 8 by 8 meters, the arrangement of the basement is optimal. Placement of living rooms underground is not provided, because it is not possible to organize full lighting and the necessary level of ventilation, but you can move all the premises that have an economic or technical purpose to the lower part of the building. A small building can provide the family with additional space for a pantry, garage or boiler room. You can use the basement of a house 8 by 8 meters to install a heating and water supply system, organize a laundry, store canned goods or seasonal items.
The layout of the house is 8 x 10 meters with a garage
The presence of only one level in the house is not an obstacle to organizing under one roof with the living rooms of a workshop or garage. The layout of the house with a garage can be symmetrical or have a certain number of bedrooms located freely. Symmetric options provide for the separation of bedrooms from the economic part with the help of capital walls. With the free placement of space, the garage simply adjoins one of the outer walls of the building. Access to technical and utility rooms should be not only from the street, but also from the side of the house.
Additionally there is a veranda. From the street, the entrance immediately to the living-dining room combined with the kitchen, three bedrooms and a combined bathroom leave the entrance rooms. From the back of the living room there is access to the garage, as well as separately from the street. It turns out that in a relatively small area, you can conveniently place three bedrooms, a large common room, visually divided into a dining room and a recreation area, a spacious kitchen with an additional dining area. There is a seating area on the veranda. To increase the free space, you can not be limited only to the basement, garage or attic. To make the house comfortable and convenient for living, you can use all of these elements.
Small house plan: 6 x 6 meters
The best layout for a wooden house is based on the parameters and features of the form. Square structures, which is the house 6 x 6 meters, are considered optimal. The symmetry of the building allows you to create balanced and harmonious interiors. This determines the popularity of projects with the same length of sides. The dimensions of the building are small, but such a house may well be used as a cottage for summer holidays. The construction of such a structure will cost less than the construction of a dimensional or two-story house. In this case, you can provide all the conditions for a comfortable stay.
On 36 square meters you can place two rooms, a kitchen, a bathroom and an entrance hall. The construction of the attic will increase the free living space. So, it will be possible on the ground floor to organize a large entrance hall, terrace and living room combined with a kitchen, and on the second level to equip one or two bedrooms. Basement - a suitable place for a pantry, boiler room and laundry. Layout of a house with a garage is also possible on such a small area.
Layout of the house 10 x 10 or 10 x 12 meters
One-story cottages with dimensions of 10 x 10 meters go beyond the scope of projects up to 100 square meters. Such buildings are often planned by owners of large land plots. The building can be used as a full-fledged housing for a family of four to five people, and if additional levels are equipped, this area is suitable for several generations of the same family. The optimal shape contributes to the convenient placement of rooms and furniture, the organization of good lighting.
Important things to consider
The best layout of the house should meet all the wishes of the owners of the future home. As previously mentioned, the number of residents and the needs of family members should be considered. It should provide some nuances that may become important in the future:
- children should be easily transformed, which will be needed as children grow up;
- heterosexual children need to be provided with separate bedrooms;
- when several generations of a family live in the same house, it may be necessary to have separate entrances to certain rooms;
- older rooms are best planned on the ground floor.
Living rooms should be located on the sunny side. Illumination should be sufficient to maintain vision, but does not lead to burnout of wallpaper and furniture. The standard option provides for the presence of two windows in the living room, and one in the bedrooms. If the dining room and kitchen are shared (or the kitchen and living room), then it is better to make three window openings. A large number of windows will provide an influx of fresh air and a sufficient amount of light. Do not be afraid of cold weather, because modern multi-chamber structures have excellent thermal protection properties.
General rules for planning a house do not stipulate the height of the premises, but you should not blindly follow the example of "stalinok" with ceilings of 3.6 m or more. This will cause additional consumption of building and finishing materials, in a high room furniture will be “lost”. But too low ceilings create an unpleasant sensation. — 2,5 .
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