Many parents from childhood accustom the baby to obedience, scold if he did something wrong. If the child made a mistake, then his mother immediately reproaches him: "You see, but I said that you can’t do this!" Gradually, the child learns the rules set by his mother. But many do not understand why you need to act one way or another.
There comes a turning point in the life of a grown-up child, when he decides that he is tired of obeying his mother, if I do what is impossible. As a result, the child may get into an unpleasant or dangerous situation. After all, he did not learn the most important thing - the ability to think independently. How to teach a child to think? It happens that parents think about this vital necessity late when the children are already going to school. Then comes the understanding that logic does not work, you have to explain any task for half an hour, a huge amount of time and nerves are spent on lessons.
What do we get: for homework, the child gets good grades thanks to the help of his parents, but he does not shine at the control and at the blackboard. The problem remains urgent - how to teach a child to think.
How to Raise Obedience
From an early age, parents want obedience with an important goal so that the child does not get into trouble. Protecting the baby from danger, never say: "Do not do it because you have to obey your mother (dad, grandmother, etc.)." A child should think from an early age. He needs not just to say “not,” but to explain in detail the reason for this, what can happen, what such an action can lead to. For example, explaining the reason why you can’t take matches, you need to conduct an experiment with your child — set fire to a piece of paper or fabric, explaining how quickly clothes or a curtain in a room can catch fire.
Never threaten disobedience with punishment. If the child is in an unpleasant situation or is about to do something dangerous, then say: "This is not to be done! You understand what this can lead to!" At the same time, we teach children to draw conclusions. The child begins to think independently, recalls your previous explanations and understands what might happen. After that, the baby himself will refuse to play pranks, knowing what his trick will turn out to be.
Never scare a child by inventing various fears, such as: "Do not go there, there is a babayka or Baba Yaga." The child will grow up cowardly and insecure.
Right to make a mistake
From birth, the baby begins to know the surrounding reality, exploring everything around. It all starts with tactile sensations. The child understands that the lemon is sour if it tastes, and that the iron is hot when accidentally touched. All children's experience of the sensations received is recorded by memory in the brain. A child in a collision with similar objects learns to analyze, generalize.
Only through personal experience, the baby quickly understands the essence of things and the result of their actions. From the age of two, the child has the first associations. Intelligence is gradually developing and logical thinking is developing.
How to teach a child to think? Parents should not constantly pull the child, protecting him from mistakes. If you see that there is no danger to the baby’s life, then allow him to make a mistake, break something inexpensive, see that he can be offended by bad words and not play with him, if he does not learn the lessons, then he will understand what kind of experience this will necessarily be followed by a deuce in the diary, etc. After all, even adults, learn only from their mistakes, and not from strangers.
Types of thinking of the child
At an early age, the child has visual and effective thinking, that is, he sees the object and examines it with his senses - he touches it with his hands, takes it into his mouth, looks with his eyes, hears sounds made by the object, etc.
With experience comes the following kind of thinking, psychologists call it visual-figurative. Here already a child with experience in the development of the world, only having seen an object, presents his image in his head, understands what he can do, how to use it. It acts by analogy with previously studied items. For example, when a child sees a candle, he will not touch it with his hands, knowing that fire will cause pain, a painful bubble will grow on his finger, which will heal for a long time. If mom bought a new toy, the child already understands how to play with it.
There is another kind of thinking that is available to children of preschool age. This is logical thinking. The child understands the verbal description of the subject, can solve simple puzzles on logic for children, manipulates subjects according to their purpose, and is able to complete practical tasks to explain the parents or the teacher in the kindergarten. This type of thinking develops gradually for the rest of his life. This is the most complex view, giving the child the opportunity to solve everyday and educational problems using abstract concepts. This type of thinking is characterized by the ability to generalize, analyze, logically reason, draw conclusions, compare and establish patterns.
Logical thinking does not come by itself, you should not, sitting at the TV, expect that it will appear in a child with age. Parents and teachers are faced with the task of how to teach a child to think. The daily work ahead consists of informative conversations, reading books and various exercises.
The importance of practical exercises
The development of logical thinking, the ability to think and reflect comes gradually, with exercises and trainings of brain activity. This will help speed up the process and the child will be much easier to learn at school.
In pre-school institutions in the classroom use tasks on cards or verbal, during the game activity in the team. But in the garden, children learn and adapt. For example, the teacher gives the assignment, the most developed children answer him, and most of the rest assent to him, without thinking independently. This phenomenon can also be found in school, when students who are lagging behind in the control write off the solution to a problem from an excellent student or even from the same student as himself. The main thing is that children who are not used to thinking grow up as independent and non-initiative, in adult life this will definitely respond to them.
Parents of even those kids who attend kindergarten should not think that he will get everything necessary for studying at school, you need to work individually with the baby at home, using the already known exercises. Now on sale there are many manuals for the development of logic, thinking, imagination. Buy everything you see, work with children, giving you the opportunity to independently find a solution to this problem.
Now we will bring to your attention several options for exercises, explain what to talk about with the child on a walk and in everyday life, in transport and simply on the way home from kindergarten.
Generalization exercises
- "Call it one word." A child is called several items from the same group, for example: potato, beetroot, carrot, cucumber or tractor, bus, trolley, train. The kid should understand the similarity of objects and give an answer: vegetables or transport.
- "Cook compote or soup." The child names the ingredients that are in the first dish or in the compote, realizing that the fruit is not thrown into the soup.
- "Put it on the shelves." Here you need to give your child pictures, such as birds, animals, fish and insects. The child must understand what kind of picture the picture belongs to and group them together by type.
Logic Tasks
- "Find what is missing." A card is drawn that is divided into cells. In each row, the items are similar, but have some differences. In the last empty cell, the child should draw the missing object, which is different from the others in both the horizontal and vertical rows.
- Find the correct answer in the image below.
- "Ecological chains". Here we teach children to think what is the relationship between these concepts. For example: a leaf - a caterpillar - a sparrow, wheat - a hamster - a fox, a flower - a bee - pancakes with honey. You can invent on the go, playing on a walk or in transport.
- Think and make a proposal for a drawing.
Logic puzzles for children
A child cannot develop logical thinking independently. He needs help. How to teach a child to think independently? Make them logical tasks:
- A bird sits on a tree. What needs to be done to cut down the tree, without disturbing the bird. Answer: wait until it flies away and cut down the tree.
- Mom has a son, Seryozha, a Bobik dog, a Murka cat and 5 kittens. How many children does mom have?
- Which sentence is true: "I don’t see a white yolk or I don’t see a white yolk." Answer: the yolk is yellow.
- "My name is Dima. My mother has one son. What is the name of my mother’s son?"
Conclusion
Now you know how to teach a child to think, the main thing is to want to pay attention to your child, talk to him as an equal member of the family, respect his personality. The result will not be long in coming; all works will be rewarded with excellent marks at school.