Lupine is a plant from the legume family; its name “Lupinus” is translated from Latin as “wolf”. It is not clear why he was given such a name, maybe because of the shape of flowers, a bit similar in shape to a wolf face, or because the lupine has bitter beans, it is sometimes called “wolf beans”. In the genus of this plant there are both annual and perennial species, but here we will talk about a decorative, garden lupine, this is a perennial.
Decorative lupine refers to the species "multilayer lupine" - "Lupinus poliphyllos", or rather, the so-called wild ancestor of garden lupine, originating from America. About a hundred years ago, English gardeners crossed this type of lupine with a different look, yellow lupine and got a good decorative shape. And their compatriot Russell, in love with lupins and dedicated to their selection of 15 years, brought out the modern form of lupine with flowers of various colors.
Today, Russell varieties are the most beautiful garden lupins. They are not inferior in decoration to phloxes, irises, dolphiniums of the best varieties. There are tall varieties in this group, reaching a height of 1 meter, and there are low varieties with many inflorescences. The color is also very diverse, the most interesting color of lupine is bi-color, when two colors are present in one inflorescence, for example, yellow with blue, red with orange, etc.
Probably the most unpretentious of decorative perennials - lupine, seed cultivation , low soil fertility, good winter hardiness make it a welcome crop in the garden. A powerful and deep root system protects it from slight drought. In addition, lupine has an important advantage, like all legumes, it accumulates nitrogen, improves and loosens the soil. It is an excellent precursor for crops that need fertile and well-cultivated soil. Lupine itself prefers loamy or sandy loamy soils, but can also grow on poor soils. But lupine does not tolerate strongly acidic, clay soils; it grows well on neutral or slightly acidic ones.
Sowing
This plant easily propagates by self-sowing, but in order for lupine from seeds to maintain varietal qualities, there should not be another lupine of a different variety. Otherwise, you will grow a “outbred” lupine. Growing from seeds is the easiest way to reproduce lupine.
When to sow lupine? You can sow lupine seeds for seedlings, for this they are sown in mid-April in a greenhouse or in a box on the windowsill. As soon as the weather permits, you can plant young plants in a permanent place. This must be done carefully: lupine does not like transplants. Seedling method allows to obtain flowering plants in the year of sowing.
You can sow lupine until mid-summer, then approximately at the beginning of June next year you will receive a blooming lupine. Growing from seeds is perhaps best started in the fall. Lupine is sown before winter, with dry seeds. This will allow him to start growing in early spring. If you want to grow lupine for seeds or for cutting, then it is planted with a distance between plants of 40 cm (between rows of 60 cm), but in the flower garden you can plant it more often.
Care
To prolong the flowering of lupins, faded inflorescences are cut off, preventing the formation of seeds. Lupine needs weeding, the introduction of phosphorus-potassium fertilizers in the second half of the summer. In dry summers, lupins have to be watered; watering should be rare but plentiful. Unfortunately, the lupine bush is not very durable, after four years it is desirable to replace old plants begin to lose their decorativeness and it is desirable to replace them with young ones. By the way, thanks to self-sowing, this plant can become a real weed. In Norway, for example, it is a hard-to-remove weed, which is why it is forbidden to plant lupins outside gardens. Growing from seeds is not the only way to reproduce lupine. A particularly successful specimen can be propagated vegetatively. When the plant fades, cuttings are cut from it with a piece of the root neck. They are rooted in a greenhouse, at a low temperature (18-20 degrees), it is better to do this at the end of summer HP / U; s the development of the enterprise and the efficient use of resources.
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