Almost the entire territory of Russia is located in the temperate climate zone, where in winter mainly snow and frost reign. Therefore, evergreen deciduous plants can only be found here in winter gardens or arboretums, where the climate corresponding to the tropics and subtropics is created and maintained artificially.
Speaking of coniferous trees, it should be noted that they are evergreen only in appearance, since, like all other vegetation growing on the territory of vast Russia, in winter they stop their growth and “fall asleep”. Their leaves, which look like needles, do not fall completely, but are in the "sleep" stage.
Trees of Russia can be divided into two groups: coniferous and deciduous. But most often the forests in this territory are classified as mixed. Coniferous trees of Russia are distinguished by their diversity. This includes various types of spruce, fir, pine, cedar, larch. In turn, coniferous forests can be divided into light coniferous and dark coniferous. In the first, mainly such trees of Russia grow as different types of larch and Scots pine, spruce and fir are also found. Coniferous forests in our country prevail in the taiga.
Most often, mixed forests are found , in which both coniferous and deciduous representatives of the flora can be seen. But there are also purely deciduous, in which it is currently almost impossible to find a coniferous specimen. Deciduous trees are also divided into broad-leaved and small-leaved.
Oak, horse chestnut, maple, linden, ash should be attributed to broadleaf. Small-leaved trees of Russia are birch, gray alder, mountain ash, bird cherry, willow and some others.
Almost all trees, with the exception of willow, linden, maple, apple, pear, plum, apricots, are pollinated with the help of wind. The above representatives are required for pollination "visits" of insects.
All trees propagate by seed. Moreover, in some of them, the formation of a large number of seeds occurs annually, for example, in birches, alder, poplar, and in some, such as oak, pine, spruce - once every few years.
Most conifers do not have the ability to vegetatively reproduce, that is, through shoots and root shoots. But poplar, willow, aspen can not only actively give root offspring, but even plentiful offspring from a broken off dug up branch!
Speaking about how different species of trees of the same species depending on their place of growth can be judged by the example of the familiar birch - a symbol of Russia.
After all, this fragile white-stemmed beauty of the middle stripe does not at all look like a mighty tree bearing the same name, but growing in the Siberian taiga. And how can one compare a tree grown in the taiga with a dwarf birch tundra? The latter is more like a stunted bush than a tree from which you can build a house, put together furniture, carve souvenirs.
And, of course, thanks to the work of breeders, all fruit trees are distinguished by species diversity . One can’t count the varieties of apple trees! And there are even interesting “mixed varieties” of garden trees, such as a pear tree or apricot plum.
Shrubs of Russia are represented in our country almost wider than trees. It should be called viburnum, acacia, cherry, thorn, raspberries, rosehips, barberries, gooseberries, currants, lilacs, hawthorn, white dera, honeysuckle, mock up, vesicle, igra, forsythia, oak-leaved spirea, rose, juniper, and arvino, grape, jasmine. Many shrubs give tasty and healthy fruits - berries that are eaten not only by people, but also animals, as well as birds.