Growing grape seedlings from cuttings is a rather troublesome business, but this makes it possible to obtain root plants. For this, phylloxera resistant varieties are more suitable. Consider how to plant grapes with cuttings.
Material for cuttings is harvested in late autumn, but, without waiting for the onset of real frost, at a temperature of -5, -6. For this, ripened vines with a diameter of approx. 6-10mm and a length of 1-1.2m. It is necessary to choose vines from healthy and productive bushes, preferably those that bore fruit this year. A well-ripened vine can be found by comparing the total diameter of the selected vine with the diameter of its core, the wood should be twice as thick as the core. It should have a smooth bark, without spots. In addition, a mature vine crackles when bent (does not break immediately).
The vine (without cutting into cuttings) is soaked in water for 24 hours, then for another two hours in a 0.5% solution of chinosol with a temperature of 15 degrees (to prevent mold). After that, the vine is ventilated so that there are no drops of water left on it, wrapped in a film (slightly perforated) or burlap and put away for storage. It is necessary to store the vine at a temperature of about 0, but not higher than +7 degrees and at high humidity, for example in the basement, by burying it in sand or in a pit or refrigerator. During storage, it is necessary to monitor the condition of the planting material. When mold appears, rinse the vine with a pink solution of potassium permanganate. If the planting material dries up, then you need to soak it again in water for 24 hours, ventilate and repack it for storage. A well-preserved vine under the bark has a green layer, a bud on a cut with greens (a blackened or brown bud on a cut is dead, such a stalk is not suitable for planting). On a fresh cut, a drop of liquid appears when pressed.
Cuttings of grapes are cut 40-50 cm long. The upper cut is made one and a half to two centimeters above the kidney, and the lower, oblique cut, directly under the kidney. The slope of the cut is directed in the opposite direction from the kidney. Further grape cuttings furrow, that is, make shallow longitudinal cuts in the lower part of the cuttings. This stimulates the formation of roots. Cuttings are placed deep in water, two-thirds of the length and left for a day. It arouses the kidneys. But if you immediately plant the cuttings prepared in this way in the ground, then the leaf buds hatch, shoot growth begins, but the roots are not yet formed, the cuttings will be depleted and may die (this is a common cause of unsuccessful cuttings from beginning growers). To speed up the formation of roots, kilchieva is carried out.
Sowing is a technique of agricultural technology, which consists in creating conditions when the temperature in the lower part of the shank is higher than in the upper. Cuttings can be brewed, for example, in a greenhouse. To do this, you need to prepare a hole 15 cm deeper than the length of the cuttings. About 3 weeks before the intended planting (planting cuttings after kilchevka usually coincides with the dissolution of the buds on the grapes in your area), put the cuttings connected by bunches with the bottom (!) End up. They are covered with sand 10 cm and ground another 5 cm and covered with a frame with glass. In the area of the heel of the handle, a temperature of + 20-25 degrees is needed. It is adjusted by raising or lowering the frame. At night, the frame is usually covered with mats. The soil in the greenhouse is kept moist for all time. By the end of kilchieva, root buds will appear at the ends of the cuttings or callus will form. You can not overexpose the cuttings to the formation of true roots, when planting, they almost always break off.
Grape cuttings prepared in this way are planted in schools and create protection above them from direct sunlight. Abundantly watered. Further care for them is regular and plentiful watering. Not cuttings are planted earlier, as soon as the weather permits. The place for the school is chosen even and well warmed by the sun, preferably protected from the north (possibly a fence or a building). Grapes are planted at a distance of about 15-20 cm between plants in a row, to a depth of 30 cm, obliquely. Between the rows the distance should be 1 meter.
That's how grapes from cuttings should be grown!