Buying a house outside the city is an excellent solution for outdoor recreation. Along with this, there are also some problems with bringing electricity to it, as well as amenities in the form of a shower and toilet. What to do if there is no central water supply and sewerage in the house? There are several options for solving this problem: from the toilet on the street with a cesspool to the sewer station - SPS. Many plumbing companies have undertaken the production of such installations in our time, and this will be a more suitable option for convenience and comfort. But before acquiring such an installation, you should study its operating principle, advantages and disadvantages, varieties and choose the most suitable option for yourself.
Application area
Each room where people live needs to divert drains. This is very easy to do if there is a central sewerage or septic tank installed on the residential site. Nevertheless, the relief features of some territories do not allow to realize these options. Then the sewage pumping unit (SPS) comes to the rescue - the ideal solution for a comfortable life outside the city. It allows you to pump wastewater to a nearby trunk system.
SPS are widely used in private homes, where the sewage outlet is located above the sanitary installations. These water consumers include baths, saunas, pools, where water consumption is very high, and they themselves are located in garages, basements or on the basement floors of the premises.
Varieties of KNS
If you study the domestic market of plumbing installations and products, you can see that there are two types of sewage pump installation - domestic and industrial. The latter, as the name implies, is not used in private houses, but is used on an industrial scale when it is necessary to collect effluents from several large objects. Household KNS (mini) are installed in cottages and private country houses. Their other name is sololift. They are also divided into two types according to the method of pumping effluents - from one bathroom or two or more.
Station Variety Selection
The need to install sewage pumping stations is determined by only two reasons:
- The presence of toilets in the basement floors of the room.
- The presence of a nearby central trunk system.
Depending on this, a solift or a larger KNS is chosen. The installation of the first version is made in such a way that it is mounted directly inside the bathroom between the toilet outlet and the sewer itself. Such a station easily shreds household waste and therefore small diameter pipes can be used for it, which is a more economical option.
The second option is the real KNS, only of small sizes. Before installing it, it is necessary to calculate the daily water flow in the room and divide it into four. It is also possible to configure the installation in such a way that it consumes electricity as economically as possible while maintaining the most efficient work in pumping wastewater.
Composition of sewer stations
What does the CND consist of? Making it can be considered simplified, like the most ordinary drain pit, like the one located under the street toilets. Only it is still equipped with specialized pumps, which carry out the distillation of wastewater to the central main system. If you look at the device of such stations in more detail, it is represented by a whole system: from the storage tank to the pipeline network, and requires detailed design before installation.
Let's start by examining the sewage tanks of the SPS. They can be made of concrete and steel. However, in recent years, the manufacture of fiber-reinforced plastic knives has gained popularity. This material is composite and consists of seventy percent of glass fibers that are bundled by polyester resins. Fiberglass wastewater tanks, unlike other types, have very high strength at a fairly low weight, are able to withstand a high temperature range, and also have a very high corrosion resistance. All this simplifies the design of SPS and allows you to get a durable installation for a relatively low cost.
The second important part of sewage systems is the fecal pump. Usually there are two of them - working and standby. Their task is to raise the effluent to the required level for further transportation to the sewer through a pipeline system. It has special valves to control the operation of the pumps.
The last component of the KNS system is float switches, which are designed to control the operation of the pump in full automatic mode. The principle of their action is based on raising and lowering the liquid level, which leads to turning the pump on or off, respectively.
The principle of the sewer station
In fact, the principle of operation of any SPS is very simple. At the moment when the drain tank is filled with drains above a certain level, the float switches start the pumps, which begin to pump the waste into the container for distribution. Then they enter the piping system and enter the sewer.
If a small number of people live in the room and the amount of waste is small, then one pump will be enough. With an increase in volume, it is possible to connect a second unit. In this case, the station will automatically switch to the heavy load mode and optimally reorganize its work to save energy.
Installation of KNS and its launch
The construction of the pumping station is not quite an easy task, since sewer installations are rather difficult equipment in technical terms, and it is best to entrust such a matter to professionals from specialized companies.
Installation of stations is carried out in a pit, the dimensions of which must correspond to those specified in the instructions. Its bottom is reinforced with reinforced concrete slabs or poured with a cement mortar.
Then, pipelines are connected to the sewer station - inlet and outlet, as well as a power cable. All work is carried out according to the design documentation for such stations.
Installation of pumps with float switches is carried out strictly according to the instructions, and upon its completion, an experimental commissioning of the pumping station takes place. The sewerage of the central main system, if properly configured, should immediately be filled with wastewater.
Sewer installation service
Many users of sewage pumping plants are interested in the question of whether it is possible to carry out preventive work for this equipment themselves. Experts do not recommend this. The best option would be to call a master from a specialized company who will do all the necessary work for the inspection and scheduled maintenance of the pump station. The manufacture of individual elements and the repair of stations are also carried out by qualified specialists.