Few have heard of the Gulf of Bohai, located in the northwest of the Yellow Sea. It is separated from open waters by the Chinese peninsula of Shandong. Details about where the Gulf of Bohai is located, a photo of which is given below, its features, location and interesting facts will be written in the article.
Description
Gulf of Bohai is also called Bohaiwan. It reaches a depth of up to 40 meters, Haihe and Yellow River flow into it, as well as 13 more rivers. It should be noted that in international and Chinese terminology, the water area of Bohaiwan, Laizhouvan and Liaodong is called Bohai. Translated - "Bo Sea" or "Bohai Sea".
Gulf of Bohai is surrounded by land on three sides:
- West: Hebei Province and Tianjin City.
- South: lands of Shandong province.
- North: Liaoning Province.
Geography and Resources
In the photo of the Gulf of Bohai, you can see its beautiful clear water and well-groomed shores. Tourism is quite well developed on the Shandong Peninsula; thousands of visitors come here annually. In addition, sea salt is extracted in the Gulf of Bohai, fish are fished, and oil is produced on the shelf. It should be noted that, according to experts, in the shelf of the bay are quite large reserves of the resource. Their preliminary volume is from 10 to 20 billion tons.
The coast of the gulf was formed due to various sediments that were brought by the Yellow River for several thousand years. The coastline stretched along the edge of the Great Chinese Plain.
The Yellow River has had and continues to have a huge impact on the formation of part of Bohai Bay. Every year, it brings here about 1,380 million solid precipitation, thereby eroding the plateau of the Great Plain, as well as the Chansian mountains. Including forms the bottom topography in the bay and paints it and the sea in yellow. Thanks to the Yellow River, the Yellow Sea got its name.
Name history
Until the beginning of the 20th century, the Gulf of Bohai was called Zhili or Beizhili. Until 1928, the same name was given to Hebei Province, which is adjacent to Beijing. Due to the fact that the province was in close proximity to the capital of the state, it was controlled by the governor directly from Beijing.
After the victory of the Kuomintang (Chinese National Party) in 1928, the capital was moved to Nanjing, and the Zhili province was renamed Hebei. The Chinese Communists, having come to power, decided to change the name of the bay. Subsequently, he received the current name Bohaiwan. It is taken from the name of the first state of the Manchu and Tungus - Bohai (Parhe), which existed on the shores of this bay from 698 to 926 until the time when the nomadic tribes - Khitan, who subsequently gave the name to China itself, conquered it.
Shipping development
Due to the fact that the object under study is located in close proximity to the capital - Beijing, it gradually turned into practically one of the fastest growing and busiest shipping areas of the entire oceans. To service a huge number of ships arriving in the bay, several large ports were built here.
Qinhuangdao - a city in the Gulf of Bohai - is China's largest coal port. It is from here that coal is delivered to all TPPs in the country. To imagine the size of this object, it should be said that on its territory in the XIX century there were two whole cities. Only in the 20th century, it was decided to build the largest port.
In North China, the largest port is Tianjin. It is also considered the main sea gate of the country. A high-speed rail link was created for the transport of goods. In fact, this port, located in the Gulf of Bohai, has become one of the main segments of China's industrialization in the 20th century.
Gulf Islands
In the waters of the Gulf of Bohai, there is a whole group of Changshan islands. They are known throughout China for their unique marine farms. They grow:
- sea cucumber (holothuria);
- sea urchin;
- abalone (mollusk abalon);
- seaweed (kelp seaweed);
- scallop;
- different types of fish.
Successful breeding on farms of mollusks and other aquatic inhabitants is facilitated by a powerful river flow, which forms a large number of natural shallows. Echinoderms and mollusks safely breed and grow on them.
In addition to sea fishing, sea salt production is developed in these places. It is noteworthy that basically it is mined by the traditional method in the same way as hundreds of years ago. However, there are industrial enterprises that use all the achievements of progress. Salt pools are located along the bay, which have an area of several tens of thousands of hectares.
An interesting fact is that these islands are also called Temple. In the photo of the Gulf of Bohai, you can see the reason for this appellation. There are a large number of temples and religious buildings that belong to different eras.
Also interesting facts include the discovery of scientists who proved that the Great Wall of China previously reached straight to Bohai Bay.
This place is so unusual and important for China. It gives the country sea delicacies, salt, oil, as well as a huge amount of goods that arrive here with numerous ships from around the world.