In almost all times, violence has been the main way to solve internecine problems. When a person first took a stick in his hands and realized that using brute force can influence the actions of his own kind, he began to use violence everywhere. Thus, martial art appeared in the world. Of course, wars were not always exclusively negative. Sometimes after them quite powerful states grew up, such as Ancient Rome, Sparta, Macedonia, etc. Nevertheless, in most cases of war, they brought ruin and suffering to civilians of various states. As for the art of warfare, it has developed since the advent of Homo sapiens. Initially, any conflicts came down to a chaotic “chopping” of each other with sticks, while mainly tribal communities participated in the battle. Later, with the advent of states, the process of warfare began to change. Various factors influenced their evolution, one of which is the appearance of new threats from the enemy.
If we analyze the current level of combat capability of world countries, then it is largely due to the emergence of specific international legal relations and new sectors of the economy. For example, today the economy is of great importance. Security in this area has caused the emergence of various units that provide it. It should also be noted the growing interest of world powers in outer space. In addition to the large number of advantages that will appear as a result of its development, this process also carries a number of certain threats. Therefore, in the Russian Federation for several years there have been units of space defense, which will be discussed in the article.
Defense of the Russian Federation
In modern Russia, the defense of the state is a priority in the entire political course. The increasing prestige of this area of state activity is also determined by the constantly arising local military conflicts in various parts of the world. In some cases, such conflicts are contrary to the international interests of the Russian Federation, which requires mandatory intervention from it. In order to organize an appropriate political course and ensure defense and combat readiness of the Russian army, an appropriate executive authority exists within the Government of the Russian Federation, namely: the Ministry of Defense.
It should be noted that due to the emergence of new threats, the Ministry of Defense is constantly conducting research with the goal of constant modernization of the military sector of the Russian Federation. Thus, back in 2001, it was decided to create special space forces, which subsequently became part of the Aerospace Forces of Russia.
Aerospace forces of Russia: concept
Similar military units are part of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. At its core, aerospace defense troops - This is a kind of hybrid of the air forces of the Russian Federation and the military space forces. They were created in 2015. These military forces combined various departments and services that are designed to protect the airspace of Russia, as well as space. In the conduct of hostilities, military units of this type are capable of delivering and repulsing strikes both directly in the air and in space. Activities are coordinated by the High Command of the Aerospace Forces of the Russian Federation.
The main headquarters of the Aerospace Forces is stationed in the building of the Russian Ministry of Defense.
History of creation
Air defense forces have a long and interesting history of formation. As mentioned earlier, they were created on the basis of the merger of the two departments. It should be noted that the Russian space forces, in fact, have revived in this new military direction. Because in the period from 2001 to 2011 they existed, but were later disbanded. In 2015, space forces became part of the new branch of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. There are several key features that led to the creation of aerospace forces, namely the desire:
1. To concentrate in a single sphere of activity different, but fairly close in their tasks and functions military units.
2. To increase the efficiency and functionality of the air and space forces by actually “crossing” them.
3. To concentrate in a single framework the responsibility for the implementation and formation of the military-space policy, as well as state defense in this area.
4. To ensure the further development and evolution of the air and space forces of Russia.
Tasks of the aerospace forces of Russia
Aerospace forces have their own range of tasks, the solution of which they are constantly engaged. It should be noted that due to the novelty of the military direction presented in the article, its tasks have corresponding features and are:
- ensuring the defense capability of the state in the aerospace sphere, as well as the reflection of any manifestations of aggression in it;
- defeat and destruction of enemy combat forces using conventional means, as well as nuclear means;
- ensuring the activities of other branches of the army through the efficient use of aviation;
- reflection of attacks by ballistic missiles by hitting their head units;
- informing about possible missile attacks;
- observation and analysis of outer space in order to identify threats to Russia;
- launching of spacecraft, special satellite systems in order to provide troops with reliable and complete information, as well as space defense;
- maintaining in full combat readiness of military satellites;
Structure of aerospace forces
The structure of the aerospace forces includes the corresponding types of troops, namely:
- The Air Force.
- Space troops of Russia.
- Missile and air defense troops .
Such a structure ensures the effective use of all the forces and means of a given military direction, as well as an appropriate level of state defense capability. It should also be noted that the combination of several closely related branches of the armed forces made it possible to ensure their ease of regulation at the level of central executive bodies.
Russian Space Forces
The Space Defense Forces of the Russian Federation is a special type of troops that is designed to organize and ensure the security of state interests in the space field of activity.
It should be noted that space defense
is an innovative field of military art. Analogs of such troops exist only in the most developed countries today. The main specifics of the units of this part of the army is, first of all,
aerospace defense.
In other words, the very subject of the activity of the troops determines a rather interesting range of tasks that are set before them. Thus, the Russian space forces, parts of which are scattered across almost the entire Russian Federation, are innovative and at the same time specific units.
Space Force Evolution
Air defense has always been a priority for the development of the army in the Russian Federation. However, the troops corresponding to this priority survived two stages of formation. Between 2001 and 2011, Russian space forces were a separate and independent component of the Armed Forces. But, as mentioned earlier, from August 1, 2015 they became part of the Aerospace Forces.
Tasks of the Space Forces
Despite the fact that the Russian space forces are part of the aerospace forces, they have a range of their own special tasks. It is also necessary to take into account the fact that the space sphere is the most developing area of activity of the armed forces, since in the future, scientists prophesy a central place to space forces because of the great potential of space as a theater of war. However, to date , the Russian military space forces implement the following tasks:
1. Observation of space and objects in it.
2. Identification of threats from space, as well as directly in it.
3. Reflection and elimination of threats from space.
4. Implementation of launches into orbit of military and civilian satellites.
5. The use of orbiting satellites in the interests of the Russian armed forces.
6. Maintaining in full combat readiness satellites of military and civil type for their immediate use in emergency cases.
Given the above priority for the development of space forces, the presented list of tasks can be replenished with new ones, since the military sphere of the Russian Federation is evolving almost daily.
Orbital constellation of the Russian Federation
Space defense forces simply could not have been able to carry out the tasks assigned to them without artificial orbiting satellites, which are located near planet Earth. A set of spacecraft of this type is called an orbital constellation. Today, Russia is in second place in terms of the number of launched satellites. The orbital constellation of the Russian Federation totals 149 spacecraft.
In the first place are the United States, which launched 446 space orbiting satellites. Third place is taken by China with its 120 satellites. Thus, outer space is almost completely covered by the most developed world powers, which emphasizes the high level of financial consumption of this sphere of development of the armed forces. This means that powers with insignificant economies cannot afford the exploration in the space industry and the creation of the corresponding combat arms.
Training for space forces
Today in the Russian Federation there is a serious question of training highly qualified personnel for the Armed Forces. This means that in all areas of defense there are appropriate educational institutions. The Russian space forces are no exception in this matter. There are two main educational institutions for training space officers:
- Military Space Academy.
- Military Academy of Aerospace Defense named after Marshal of the Soviet Union G.K. Zhukov.
Conclusion
So, in the article we told what the space troops of Russia are, where they are, in which educational institutions training is carried out. In conclusion, it should be noted that the development of this branch of the Armed Forces is simply necessary taking into account modern trends in the evolution of the military sector throughout the world. Perhaps in the near future, conflicts will arise not only on earth, but also in space.