What can construction do without? That's right, without the material with which the structure is being built. Why is it so important to choose that building material? The stability of the supporting structure depends on this factor. But one choice is not enough here, you need to understand the types and brands of building materials in order to eventually buy reliable blocks or bricks that meet the standards and are made according to the proportion.
Cinder block - a practical and inexpensive building material, which has become widespread. This is ideal for non-residential construction. For the most part, garages and sheds and other agricultural facilities are built from cinder block. Some masters are wondering about whether it is possible to make a cinder block at home and what is the proportion of the solution for cinder block.
Is it appropriate to make blocks at home if the market is already full of all kinds of offers?
Of course, because during the construction process it may turn out that you are missing a couple of dozen blocks, and the possibility of self-ebb tide is more useful than ever.
Naturally, buying a large amount of material will cost a little cheaper, because in order to make a cinder block, you will need special equipment.
Cinder blocks in individual construction
In private construction, for the construction of a garage or a shed, the practice of own-hand production of cinder blocks is used. Debris left after work creates cost compensation. If you try, then it can not be disposed of, but used for personal purposes.
Therefore, the question of the ebb of blocks of the house and the calculation of the proportion of the solution for the cinder block has a right to exist. It is better to talk about it with the masters specializing in this, who know a lot about the production of cinder blocks at home. The expert will tell you what the finished product consists of, what are the proportions of the solution for the cinder block and where it is used. We will try to answer some of the frequently asked questions in our article.
Composition and dimensions of cinder blocks
Dimensions of cinder blocks are determined by the standard. For this material, they are 380x180x187 mm (length / width / height). But adhering to these norms is not necessary, because in individual construction there is a need to combine materials. The parameters of cinder blocks are not a strict value, therefore, they can be amended taking into account the individual characteristics of the building and the direction of construction.
Note that cinder blocks with standard parameters are difficult to apply in practice. The reason for this is the considerable specific gravity of the material, varying from 18 to 26.5 kg. Because of this, the progress of building construction is slowing down.
Proportions of components
Before determining in what proportion to mix the solution for cinder block, it is necessary to find out what components it consists of:
- Cement grade M350 and more. Otherwise, the solution will not be strong enough, and the blocks will not withstand the pressure and will break under pressure.
- Slag of medium or small fraction.
- Sand or screenings used to increase the strength of finished blocks.
- Plasticizers (UPD) or modifying additives that improve some properties of concrete and accelerate cementation processes.
- Technical water added to the dry mixture according to the proportion of the solution for cinder block prescribed in the instructions.
The solution, in a simplified form consisting of cement, slag and water, is mixed in a ratio of 1: 7: 0.7. More detailed proportions can be found by looking at the table below.
Please note that the formulation and proportions of the solution for the cinder block differ depending on the component composition, the size of the slag grains and silicates.
Forms for cinder blocks
For the production of cinder blocks in the production environment, special forms are used, consisting of metal, vibrators, special presses, previously pressing concrete mortar.
Important! Remember that in the process of casting blocks of slag materials, it is necessary to observe the proportions of the slag block solution.
Mold for home tide
At home, they use the simplest thing - shot down wooden boxes into which concrete is poured. There are a lot of types and designs of molds for casting slag blocks, but this option is the easiest for making material at home. The task of the mold for concrete is to delay the formation of the product until the solution solidifies.
What are slag blocks made of?
If we are talking about the composition from which the blocks are made, then the first thing that comes to mind is, of course, slag. This is a typical aggregate of building blocks.
In 99% of cases, a beam is used, being the cheapest (more precisely, free) of materials, it always attracted attention. As a filler, crushed bricks, and wooden sawdust, indispensable in insulation, and waste from the metallurgical industry remaining after burning coal are often used.
But the highest quality is considered to be a material made of expanded clay, according to the proportion of the slag stone masonry mortar . This is a filler, which occupies more than 50% of the volume of cinder block, the rest is distributed between additional substances:
- sand;
- cements;
- water
- other components.
It also happens that the material needs to be given extra strength. Then a plasticizer is added to the composition of the solution for the cinder block, as a binder, which gives the material stability.
Important! When planning to make cinder blocks at home, note that the plasticizer for cinder blocks is different from others, for example, those that are added to the composition of liquid wallpaper , etc.
The technological process of casting cinder blocks
Good and reliable cinder blocks are obtained by using a medium yield solution. This factor is important to take into account during the prepuce distribution of components and their mixing. This is often a typical concrete mortar mixed in a concrete mixer or by hand with the addition of plasticizers and industrial waste.
After preparing the mixture, according to the proportion of the solution for the manufacture of cinder block, it is poured into molds and wait until the blocks harden. This is a home version of the ebb of building blocks from slag. In a production environment, everything happens differently. Specialized equipment is used here, special techniques for mixing components are used.
Knowing how to determine the proportions of the preparation of the solution for the cinder block, you can make the building material yourself. How to do it: do it yourself or purchase factory blocks, it's up to you. In any case, following the rules of choice and the advice of experts, typical mistakes when buying building materials are easily avoided. Preferring purchased cinder blocks, choose the materials of trusted rating companies.
Knowing the proportions and standards for the manufacture of concrete solutions will help to produce a product that meets the technical standards, suitable for the construction of residential buildings.