During the construction of the bath, every detail must be taken into account. Only when all the requirements for the construction of such a structure are met can it be comfortable to relax in the steam room. Without a furnace, not a single bathhouse functions. It maintains the required temperature and humidity in the room.
An oven for a Russian bath with a closed heater is one of the best equipment options. When erecting it, you need to know the features that the heater has. The furnace must be safe, economical in terms of energy consumption, and also compact. How to choose such equipment, user reviews and professional builders will help you figure it out.
Destination
In the steam room, the oven pumps the temperature . Russian Kamenka can work on different types of fuel. It can be gas, coal, firewood. This design appeared several centuries ago. In those days, closed washing facilities appeared in Russian villages. To maintain the heat inside the building, they built different furnaces.
In addition to high temperature, a Russian bath is sure to maintain a certain level of humidity. To do this, pour water on the stones of the stove. Steam rising into the air helps achieve a better effect. It allows heat to act faster on the body than it does in a dry Finnish sauna.
To heat the stones, they are placed in a furnace. Water is also heated here. The walls of the furnace and stones allow you to escalate the temperature. The best sauna stove should be economical. During its operation, the emission of gas or smoke is unacceptable. The design should heat water to 45 º and above, and also provide formation of steam.
Reviews about bath equipment
The sauna stove with a closed heater has a number of features. In it, the stones are inside the ducts. Therefore, the dimensions of the furnace will be quite large. Also, there are a lot of stones inside such equipment. It takes a long time to warm them up. But then, having gained the required temperature, the stones give off heat to the room for a long time.
In a Russian bathhouse, the closed type construction is most often used. Open heaters are typical for the Finnish sauna. They heat up quickly, but just as quickly and cool. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain the heating of the furnace as long as there are visitors in it.
Opened heaters most often pump the temperature with electricity. However, in our country, such designs are not purchased for private use. The power of the heating elements of the open heaters is not intended for connection to a household network. Only for public baths such equipment is used.
Material selection
There are several options for the materials from which stoves for a bath can be made. The heater can be built of brick or metal. It is impossible to say unequivocally which material is better or worse. In each case, there are advantages and disadvantages. Today, in the production of such equipment, various combinations of these two materials are used.
The iron stove for the bath will quickly heat up, but it will also cool quickly. Brick warms up much longer. It accumulates thermal energy and gives it to the steam room.
Brick for the construction of such an object must be refractory Gzhel or fireclay. Its marking should be from M150 and more. Use silicate brick, rejected material is prohibited. The metal stove Kamenka is made of metal sheets, the thickness of which is about 4-5 mm. All metal parts in a stone kiln must also comply with these standards. Otherwise, the material will quickly burn out.
Varieties
When choosing a stove for your bath, you need to consider the varieties that exist today. These include the following designs:
- Brick. It has a relatively light weight and compact size. It can heat a large room.
- Cast iron. They have high performance characteristics. Cast iron stoves for a Russian bath are able to keep heat for a long time. Their service life reaches several tens of years.
- Steel. Widespread. They are in demand due to their relatively low cost.
- With a water tank. At the same time heats the room and water.
- For the bath in black. An expensive but very popular option.
- For the bath Kuznetsov. For a long time they keep the heat in the steam room. Differ in the increased fire safety.
- Homemade designs. They require from the master certain knowledge and skills.
There are other criteria by which to choose a heater for a steam room.
Fuel type
There is also a classification of heaters according to the type of fuel used. In accordance with the existing conditions of the owners, choose an acceptable option:
- Electric. May have various heating elements.
- Wood burning. Suitable for both a Russian bath and a Finnish sauna. Wood-burning stoves for a Russian bath are characterized by a long service life.
- Gas. Easy to operate. No additional maintenance required. However, the installation of the equipment must be done by the specialists of the municipal service.
Domestic companies produce such designs in a wide range. The most popular today are ovens of the Varvara and Termofor brands. These are convenient, fireproof devices.
When choosing a particular model, it is necessary to take into account the dimensions of the room, the required temperature and the level of fuel consumption.
Wood burning stove
A brick or iron stove for a bath can increase the temperature when burning wood in it. Such designs create a cozy atmosphere inside the bathhouse. Firewood burnt in the furnace crackle. This creates an indescribable, colorful atmosphere.
Such stoves are practical. They heat up quickly. 40 minutes after kindling, you can take healing procedures. Birch firewood creates the best heat. Other hardwoods will do. Coniferous logs form soot during combustion, so it is not recommended to use them for kindling. To minimize this unpleasant effect, you can first melt the stove with aspen firewood, and only then - coniferous firewood.
In the process of taking bath procedures, you will have to be distracted by tossing logs into the furnace. It is also necessary to ensure that the firewood does not burn out completely. This is a small drawback that characterizes wood-burning stoves.
Terms of use for a wood-burning stove
A wood-burning stove with a closed heater can maintain a high temperature in a steam room for a long time. For this, the owners should pay attention to some issues of its installation and operation.
The thermal power of the equipment must fully comply with the dimensions of the room. An oven that is too large will take up a lot of space, and a small one will not heat the steam room. It is desirable that in its design there were grates (preferably made of cast iron).
On sale are models with various additional elements. For example, it can be a tank for heating water. Some ovens use glass doors. Such a structural solution gives comfort, creates the necessary atmosphere for relaxation in the steam room.
When choosing a wood stove, you need to pay attention to the size of the firebox. The larger it is, the more dimensional stones can be put in it. Quality models have a spacious firebox.
Electric oven
Equipment for a Russian bath can be powered by electricity. In this case, the furnace has high power with small dimensions and a high heating rate. The design does not require the arrangement of a chimney. This increases the safety of operation of the furnace. The likelihood of carbon monoxide poisoning is completely eliminated. This is one of the safest equipment options.
Electric ovens are automated. They have a simple control system. Such models are made of steel. The special case design avoids accidental burns. The system also includes a temperature controller and a fuse. They control heating, eliminating the possibility of forcing too high a temperature.
The disadvantage of this design is the high cost of electricity. The stove will consume it in large quantities. Therefore, not every owner decides to install an electric furnace.
Gas oven
A stove for a Russian bath with a closed heater can increase the temperature by burning gas. This design quickly heats the room, allowing visitors to the steam room to practically begin the healing procedures.
The use of gas equipment is justified in areas where there is a centralized supply of such fuel. The energy consumption of the presented furnace is high. If there is no centralized gas pipeline in the area, buying cylinders will be too costly. Therefore, when building a bathhouse outside the city, many give preference to wood-burning stoves.
The large dimensions of the gas heater do not allow it to be installed in a small room. The choice of such equipment is justified only in a spacious steam room.
Cold and hot stove
The best sauna stove should be selected in accordance with existing operating conditions. There are also cold and hot heaters. The first option is distinguished by the complexity of the design. The second option is easy to install, but in operation has a lot of disadvantages.
The outer walls of the hot heater are heated to a temperature of about 100º. They are suitable for both large and small steam rooms. But if you accidentally touch the walls of such a furnace, you can get a burn. It is necessarily fenced so that visitors could not get close to the stove. Such equipment is difficult to regulate.
In a cold heater, the walls are heated to 40-50º. This eliminates the possibility of accidental burns. Heated air circulates through special channels, which creates uniform heating in the room. Adjustment occurs by opening and closing the heat pipes.
Stones for the stove
When equipping a stove for a Russian bath with a closed heater , you need to pay attention to the choice of stones. Certain requirements are put forward to them. They must well accumulate thermal energy and give it into space for a long time.
Volcanic rocks are best suited for such purposes. They do not crack when cold water gets on them. The surface of the stones should be smooth, and their shape should be round. This ensures good air circulation between all elements.
The size of the stones can be different. The largest of them are laid down. You can place small stones on top. Granite, andesite or basalt are ideally suited for such purposes. You can collect stones in a nearby pond. Elements suitable for the furnace have a dark color and high hardness.
Foundation arrangement
The owners of the country house may be interested in how to install the stove in the bathhouse . This is a responsible process. The design must be completely safe for use. When installing it, you must be guided by the recommendations of experienced specialists.
At the preparatory stage, it is necessary to make a drawing of the room and the furnace itself with the exact dimensions.
For a brick kiln, you need to create a foundation. It should be 5 cm larger than the dimensions of the furnace on each side. If the soil is dry, you can use brick and lime (cement) mixture for the foundation. From above it is leveled, waterproofing and roofing material are laid.
Furnace installation
When studying how to install a stove in a bath, you should consider the option of a brick structure, which is assembled with your own hands. This is a more complex option, as the equipment is assembled directly in the steam room, and not assemble the finished model.
The furnace is installed in completed rows. To do this, use a mixture of sand and clay (mixed in equal parts). Seams should be no more than 3 mm. If the bricks are of different quality, they can not be bandaged in adjacent rows.
The grate should be at the height of one brick. It is believed that the ideal dimensions of a wood firebox are 35 cm wide and 25 cm high. Its depth should be 40-60 cm.
The pipe must be mounted. If it is made of brick, at least 10 cm of clearance should remain between it and the wooden roof ceilings. For a metal or asbestos-cement pipe, in the place of its passage through the roof, a layer of felt impregnated with clay mortar is mounted.
Having considered what constitutes an oven for a Russian bath with a closed heater, as well as the basic requirements for its arrangement, owners of suburban real estate or their own home will be able to mount such a structure on their own. At the same time, it is imperative to adhere to existing building requirements and safety rules.