For smooth operation of engines without jumps, speed controllers are used. Models are available for 12, 24 and 220 V. The principle of operation of the equipment is based on a change in the engine clock frequency. According to the type of design, thyristor, transformer, pulse and triac modifications are distinguished.
According to the installation method, stationary and mobile devices are distinguished. Also on the market you can find built-in modifications. In order to understand the models in more detail, you should consider the standard controller circuit.
Model outline
A conventional DC motor speed controller includes a step-down transformer and a rotary controller. Rectifiers are used with a capacitor bank. Throughput fluctuates around 5.5 microns. If we talk about modifications to 12 V, then they use a kenotron. In this case, insulators are installed for safe operation of the equipment.
Do-it-yourself device
Making a do-it-yourself speed regulator is quite simple. First of all, a controller is selected for him. It is easiest to use rotary modifications for a DC motor . In stores, they are sold immediately with modulators. The transformer is installed with high bandwidth. After that, it is important to deal with insulators. A dynistor is used to adjust the AC motor.
Thyristor Regulators
Thyristor engine speed control, as a rule, is available with high throughput. In this case, the rectifiers are used operational type. Some models have modulators installed. The sensitivity indicator for them depends on the output voltage of the motor. Stabilizers in many devices with a protection system.
The maximum allowable temperature of the regulators is 45 degrees. Extenders are used only for AC motors. It is also important to note that on the market modifications on resistors are presented. Their distinctive feature is a long service life. However, it should be noted that such models are quite expensive.
Frequency controllers
Frequency speed controller can only be operated in an alternating current circuit. Contacts in this case are output to modulators. The bandwidth parameter of the devices is 3.5 microns. The rectifier is installed operational type. Many manufacturers make devices with a protection system. The permissible overload indicator fluctuates around 3 A. In this case, the controllers are used rotary type. Still on the market are sold digital modifications with displays. Some devices are equipped with double insulators for protection.
Transformer regulators
Transformer speed control, as a rule, is available for powerful engines. Relays for models are used high-voltage type. Direct rectifiers are used with capacitor units. Many modifications have transceivers. They are necessary to lower the clock frequency.
Extenders in the models are code and switched type. Resistors are used with a lining. For self-assembly of the model can not do without a high-quality controller. Electronic modifications in this case to assemble independently is problematic. It is also important to note that push-button controllers are rarely used. However, for three-stroke engines, they fit well.
Impulse Modifications
The pulse speed controller is operated with alternating current motors of various power. Rectifiers in devices are of operational type. The transmittance ability of the models is at 4 microns. In this case, the output voltage of the modification depends on the engine power. Modulators are used both orthogonal and non-condenser type.
Extenders are not available in many models. It is also important to note that output contacts are used to connect devices. Stabilizers are installed only in devices with repeated controllers. Electronic modifications of this type are rare on the market. It is quite difficult to assemble the model yourself.
Triac types of regulators
Triac regulators are quite common. They work on the principle of phase change in frequency. To date, there are many home-made devices. They are created on the basis of a capacitorless modulator with a relay. Resistors are used both trimming and pulse type.
Transceivers, as a rule, are absent in the regulators of this type. It is also important to note that for powerful models, stabilizers of various sensitivity are installed. On average, the current conductivity parameter is not more than 5 microns.
Models for fans
Devices for fans can be operated in a network with direct and alternating current. The operating frequency of the circuit does not exceed 55 Hz. In this case, triac modifications are equipped with rectifier relays. Extenders are often used code type. Transformer modifications are also used for fans. The parameter of the operating frequency of the circuit in this case does not exceed 50 Hz. To connect the speed controller, output contacts are set.
12 V devices
12V regulators are often made of frequency type. Devices with rotary controllers are made on the basis of building resistors. On average, the current conductivity does not exceed 5 microns. In this case, the sensitivity of the relay depends on the engine power. Rectifiers are often used operational type. Some modifications are equipped with open type resistors.
If we consider models with push-button controllers, then they always use a frequency kenotron. These overload devices can withstand a maximum of 4 A. However, in this case, much depends on the manufacturer.
24 V Mods
For collector and asynchronous motors, a speed regulator is suitable for 24 V. The device diagram includes modular type controllers. If we consider transformer modifications, then they have a relay, as well as a capacitor block. Transistors are used, as a rule, broadband type. Some models use dinistors to lower the frequency.
Regulators are connected via output contacts. It is also important to note that there are many electronic modifications on the market. There are also built-in devices that are distinguished by their compactness. Most models do not have stabilizers.
220 V devices
Modifications to 220 V are most often made of a pulse type. Suitable devices for synchronous modifications are suitable. Such models can work in a circuit with direct current. The operating frequency of the system does not exceed 60 Hz. In this case, the current conductivity depends on the sensitivity of the relay. Rectifiers are most often used operational type. Controllers are used both rotary and push-button type. It is also important to note that there are many mobile modifications on the market. Thyristors are used semiconductor type. The average conductivity is 6 microns. In this case, the dinistors are used with insulators.
Regulators HL-FS 1.6
The specified speed controller of the collector engine is made on the basis of a step-down transformer. The throughput of the model is 5.7 microns. The relay in this case is missing. Direct rectifiers are used operational type. There are no transceivers in the controller. To lower the operating frequency, a kenotron is used.
In this case, the sensitivity of the modification depends on the engine power. The degree of protection is provided by IP 35. It is also important to note that the speed controller of the HL-FS 1.6 collector motor is capable of withstanding large current overloads. The minimum allowable temperature is -10 degrees.
Regulators Bahcivan BSC / 2
The Bahcivan BSC / 2 fan speed governor is sold with a single pole transceiver. A feature of this model can be called a quality expander. Directly lowering the operating frequency occurs due to the kenotron. Engine turns are regulated very smoothly.
If we talk about the parameters, the current overload of the system is 3.5 A. In this case, the fan speed controller has a throughput of 5.3 microns.